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1

Chaskin, Robert J. "Integration and Exclusion." ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 647, no. 1 (April 5, 2013): 237–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002716213478548.

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Much contemporary policy seeking to address the problems of urban poverty and the failures of public housing focuses on deconcentrating poverty through the relocation of public housing residents to less-poor neighborhoods or by replacing large public housing complexes with mixed-income developments. Lying behind these efforts is a set of generally integrationist goals, aiming to remove public housing residents from contexts of isolation and concentrated disadvantage and settle them in safer, healthier, and more supportive environments that better connect them to resources, relationships, and opportunities. Although some of the goals of these efforts are being met, the broader integrationist goals are proving elusive. Focusing on the mixed-income component of Chicago’s Plan for Transformation—the most ambitious effort to remake public housing in the country—this article argues that a range of institutional actors (including developers, property management, community-based organizations, and the housing authority) and organizational behaviors (around design, service provision, intervention, deliberation, and representation) shape dynamics that reproduce exclusion and work against the integrationist goals of these policies.
2

Ratcliffe, Peter. "'Race', Housing and Social Exclusion." Housing Studies 13, no. 6 (November 1998): 807–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02673039883083.

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3

Low, N. P., and B. W. Crawshaw. "Youth without Housing: Patterns of Exclusion." Australian Quarterly 57, no. 1/2 (1985): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/20635313.

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4

Sahlin, Ingrid. "Strategies for exclusion from social housing." Housing Studies 10, no. 3 (July 1995): 381–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02673039508720827.

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5

Brändle, Gaspar, and Olga García. "Measuring housing exclusion using the ETHOS typology." Housing, Care and Support 18, no. 3/4 (December 21, 2015): 113–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/hcs-04-2015-0006.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide a thorough assessment of the current statistical sources in Spain, as well as new indicators that extend and improve the European Typology on Homelessness and Housing Exclusion (ETHOS) to better address every housing exclusion situation. Design/methodology/approach – The main categories of the ETHOS typology are reviewed: definition, subcategories and the availability of data and statistical sources in Spain. The assessment of the information available is carried out by considering objective and subjective indicators. Additionally, the inclusion of new subcategories is proposed. Findings – The strengths and weaknesses of the ETHOS model when applied in the study of housing exclusion are highlighted, and the need to have an appropriate set of indicators for measuring housing exclusion is stressed. The ETHOS typology may be the reference conceptual framework to elaborate a system of housing exclusion indicators. However, it would be necessary to extent this model in order to cover some situations of exclusion risk owing to insecure housing for economic reasons and environmental degradation, and including the subjective assessment of the people affected by these processes. Originality/value – This study implements the ETHOS methodology checking the statistical information available distinguishing between objective and subjective indicators. Further, this paper shows an integrated overview of the four main ETHOS categories (rooflessness, houselessness, insecure and inadequate housing) with the four types of housing restrictions (accessibility, stability, adequacy and habitability).
6

Taylor, Marilyn. "Combating the Social Exclusion of Housing Estates." Housing Studies 13, no. 6 (November 1998): 819–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02673039883092.

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7

Brennan, Michael, Doina Olaru, and Brett Smith. "Are exclusion factors capitalised in housing prices?" Case Studies on Transport Policy 2, no. 2 (September 2014): 50–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cstp.2014.05.002.

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8

Khusainova, Alina S., and Darya S. Elmanova. "TERRITORIAL AND ETHNIC EXCLUSION IN THE METROPOLIS OF LYON." Географический вестник = Geographical bulletin, no. 4(55) (2020): 30–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.17072/2079-7877-2020-4-30-42.

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This study is dedicated to identifying residential areas of the Metropolis of Lyon, which combines territorial and ethnic exclusion. In the framework of this study, territorial exclusion is understood as the territorial isolation of residential areas from the main residential area of the agglomeration due to the presence of various kinds of territorial barriers: water bodies, industrial and commercial areas, parklands, large highways. Ethnic exclusion in this study is understood as a partial exclusion from society (social exclusion) of population groups that are ethnically different from the main part of the population. The share of immigrants in the population of the communes and the share of social housing in the total housing stock of the communes of the Metropolis of Lyon were used as markers of ethnic exclusion. A comparison of territorially isolated residential quarters and data on the share of immigrants and the share of social housing revealed social housing quarters that combine signs of ethnic and territorial exclusion of the population: Mas-du-Taureau in the commune Vaulx-en-Velin in the north-east of the Metropolis of Lyon, Parilly and Terraillon in Bron in the east, Minguettes in Vénissieux in the south of the metropolitan area. During the interview, these social housing complexes were called by experts as the most disadvantaged and criminalized in the Metropolis of Lyon, which confirms the author’s hypothesis about the importance of territorial exclusion in the emergence and development of ethnic exclusion.
9

Okamoto, Yoshihiro. "Japanese Social Exclusion and Inclusion from a Housing Perspective." Social Inclusion 4, no. 4 (October 20, 2016): 51–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.17645/si.v4i4.628.

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This paper examines conditions of social exclusion and attempts at social inclusion in Japan from a housing perspective. Companies, households and the government have previously supported housing in Japan. However, corporate welfare was withdrawn following the globalization of the economy from the 1990s onwards, support from families and communities declined due to a reduction in household size, and governmental housing support has shifted away from direct support. A reduction in income and unstable work left many people with unstable housing. Certain workers, such as foreigners performing dispatched labour, could not maintain continuous work under the influence of the Lehman Brothers’ bankruptcy in 2008. Household size has shrunk according to changes in the industrial structure, and the number of households that cannot sustain housing is increasing. Such vulnerable households—elderly people, the handicapped, low-income earners and single parents—can become excluded from the rental housing market. On the other hand, governmental measures are promoting local dwellings and maintaining the condition for a dwelling service. Activities, such as local community support of the homeless have been initiated by various Non-profit Organisations (NPOs) and NPO activities are increasingly exemplifying measures to achieve social inclusion.
10

PAWSON, HAL, and KEITH KINTREA. "Part of the Problem or Part of the Solution? Social Housing Allocation Policies and Social Exclusion in Britain." Journal of Social Policy 31, no. 4 (October 2002): 643–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047279402006797.

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This article examines claims that social housing allocations policies can, on the one hand, contribute to and on the other, counter, social exclusion. In setting the scene, the paper investigates connections between housing processes and social exclusion and describes the development of social housing allocations systems over the past few decades. Drawing on evidence from two recently completed national studies in England and Scotland it shows that allocation policies contribute to social exclusion in three main ways. First, a large proportion of social landlords restrict eligibility for social housing thereby contributing directly to exclusion. Second, mechanisms within allocation systems continue to segregate the most excluded to the worst residential areas. Third, through the 1990s allocation policies became increasingly coercive, so reducing or eliminating tenant choice over their own housing in distinct contrast to the choice that is available in the private market. The paper then reviews the dilemmas faced by policy-makers: whilst aspects of allocations contribute to social exclusion at the individual level, they may be justified by their role in promoting sustainable residential communities. Although there are hopes that the ‘choice-based’ approaches to lettings which emerged in the late 1990s can both boost community sustainability and counter the disabling impact of coercive approaches, the article suggests it is unlikely that such methods can significantly enhance social inclusion as long as social housing remains a housing sector of last resort, with in-built disadvantages.
11

Campbell, Linda J., Lynn Comer Jones, and Pamela C. Smith. "An Exegesis of the IRC §107 Housing Exclusion." ATA Journal of Legal Tax Research 12, no. 2 (September 1, 2014): 16–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/jltr-50936.

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ABSTRACT The tax treatment of clergy housing allowances continues to be at the forefront of criticism and debate, on the premise it results in taxpayer inequity. IRC §107 allows clergy to exclude a parsonage allowance from gross income. A historical context and modern-day application of the law, based on clergy (spouse) interviews, is provided. The current legal tenor suggests the housing allowance is unconstitutional because it violates the Establishment Clause. Entanglement (based on the three-prong Lemon Test) is analyzed. The analysis results in a double-edged sword. It appears the exclusion fails the Establishment Clause, but abolishment of the exclusion would create additional taxpayer inequities. We propose both abolishing IRC §107 and amending IRC §119.
12

Marsh, Alex. "Housing and the Social Exclusion Agenda in England." Australian Journal of Social Issues 39, no. 1 (February 2004): 7–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1839-4655.2004.tb01160.x.

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13

Conradson, David. "Reviews: Social Exclusion and Housing: Context and Challenges." Environment and Planning B: Planning and Design 27, no. 6 (December 2000): 939–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/b2706rvw.

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14

Byrne, David. "Book Review: Policy Responses to Social Exclusion; Social Exclusion and Housing: Context and Challenges." Critical Social Policy 21, no. 2 (May 2001): 257–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026101830102100206.

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15

Crowther, Neil. "Overcoming disability discrimination: Disabled people, housing and social exclusion." Housing, Care and Support 2, no. 4 (December 1999): 16–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/14608790199900034.

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16

Somerville, Peter. "Explanations of Social Exclusion: Where Does Housing Fit in?" Housing Studies 13, no. 6 (November 1998): 761–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02673039883056.

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17

Alvey, Simon. "Social exclusion and public sector housing policy in Scotland." International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy 20, no. 5/6 (June 2000): 72–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01443330010789188.

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18

Chan, Kam Wah, and Fung Yi Chan. "Inclusion or Exclusion? Housing Battered Women in Hong Kong." Critical Social Policy 23, no. 4 (November 2003): 526–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/02610183030234005.

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19

Lee, Peter, and Alan Murie. "Targeting Social Exclusion Targeting Deprivation Through Housing Tenure is Flawed." New Economy 5, no. 2 (June 1998): 89–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-0041.00020.

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20

Cowan, Spencer M. "Anti-Snob Land Use Laws, Suburban Exclusion, and Housing Opportunity." Journal of Urban Affairs 28, no. 3 (June 2006): 295–313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-9906.2006.00293.x.

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21

Harding, Allison, and Jamie Harding. "Inclusion and exclusion in the re-housing of former prisoners." Probation Journal 53, no. 2 (June 2006): 137–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0264550506063566.

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22

Hills, John. "Inclusion or Exclusion? The Role of Housing Subsidies and Benefits." Urban Studies 38, no. 11 (October 2001): 1887–902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00420980120080835.

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23

Dennis-Escoffier, Shirley. "IRS increases housing exclusion for some high-cost foreign locations." Journal of Corporate Accounting & Finance 22, no. 5 (June 23, 2011): 105–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcaf.20713.

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24

Dennis-Escoffier, Shirley. "IRS Changes Foreign Housing Exclusion for Some High-Cost Locations." Journal of Corporate Accounting & Finance 25, no. 6 (August 25, 2014): 81–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcaf.21994.

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25

Orlandi, Caterina, and Zografia Bika. "‘Aided Visibility Work’ and Social Exclusion in Housing Association Organizations." Academy of Management Proceedings 2021, no. 1 (August 2021): 10235. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2021.10235abstract.

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26

Ghenţa, Mihaela, and Elen-Silvana Bobârnat. "Determinanți ai excluziunii sociale în rândul persoanelor vârstnice." Sociologie Romaneasca 19, no. 1 (May 31, 2021): 87–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.33788/sr.19.1.4.

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The paper presents the results of a qualitative research conducted among providers of social and socio-medical services for older persons. The research objectives were to collect opinions with regard to the societal transformations that constitute risk factors for the social inclusion of the elderly; to identify the dimensions of social inclusion of the elderly in Romania most impacted by the societal transformations, as well as measures and actions that could counter acting the negative effects of social exclusion of the elderly. Data collection included semi-structured interviews with experts from social and health care services providers. Technological transformations, the ageing phenomenon, the migration, the negative perceptions regarding the elderly population; the uneven development of urban areas compared to rural areas, are most likely to influence the social exclusion of older persons. Participation in cultural, sports, and voluntary activities, access to appropriate social and health care services and housing conditions may lead to a better social inclusion.
27

Ren, Xuefei. "Slums, Favelas, and Urban Villages: Housing Policy in the Global South." Current History 119, no. 813 (January 1, 2020): 15–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/curh.2020.119.813.15.

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28

Davy, Benjamin. "‘Dehumanized housing’ and the ideology of property as a social function." Planning Theory 19, no. 1 (May 19, 2019): 38–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1473095219848469.

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For about 250 years, private property has been ideologized as an instrument of the owners’ power to exclude. The most popular expression of the ideology of exclusion (although not his exclusive invention) is attributed to Sir William Blackstone. Speculative vacancies, a recent development in the real estate industry criticized by the UN Special Rapporteur on housing, emphasize the anti-social ideology of Blackstonian property. The article suggests that an ideology proposed by the French jurist Léon Duguit should be considered as an alternative. Based on the teachings of Comte and Durkheim, Duguit rejected the idea of property as a right and treated property as a social function. His views offer spatial planners new opportunities to define the content and boundaries of private property in land.
29

Melissa Cornelius Lang. "“A place under the sun”: African American Resistance to Housing Exclusion." Oregon Historical Quarterly 119, no. 3 (2018): 365. http://dx.doi.org/10.5403/oregonhistq.119.3.0365.

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30

KLYMENKO, Yu А. "Definition Сriteria and Evaluation Method of Social Exclusion by Housing Conditions". Demography and social economy, № 1 (22 квітня 2019): 209–2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/dse2019.01.209.

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31

Zhu, Yushu. "Exclusion or Inclusion through Housing?: Understanding Urban Villages in Urban China." Spaces and Flows: An International Journal of Urban and ExtraUrban Studies 1, no. 3 (2011): 17–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.18848/2154-8676/cgp/v01i03/53801.

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32

Waldegrave, Charles, and Chris Phillipson. "Social Exclusion and Material Disadvantage: Housing, Poverty, and Living Standards Impacts." Innovation in Aging 4, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2020): 712. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa057.2506.

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Abstract SRPP 2020 Ollie Randall Symposium Award Winner. Many of the detrimental effects of material disadvantage on the lives of citizens have been well understood by public health and social scientists, and post-World War II social protection polices were designed to mitigate the negative impacts of them. As the numbers of older people increase proportionally to the rest of the population in most countries, less is known about the exclusionary impacts of material disadvantage and the roles housing, poverty and living standards play on the health, well-being and social connections of their lives. This symposium draws together research emanating out of four countries Norway, Poland, Ireland and New Zealand that are part of the European COST Action 15122 Reducing Old-Age Social Exclusion: Collaborations in Research and Policy (ROSEnet). The papers present contemporary results of specific health well-being and social impacts of material disadvantage in the four quite different countries and assesses them through the lens of social exclusion. As the growing international evidence during the last decade has highlighted the negative health and well-being impacts of loneliness and social disconnection (Holt-Lunstad et. al. 2015), the role of housing, poverty and living standards has in creating social exclusion is less well known. This research analyses the subjective and objective experiences of material disadvantage and quantifies their exclusionary impacts on well-being (e.g. quality of life, loneliness), health functioning (mental and physical) and their challenges to macro-structures (e.g. government policies, social protection).
33

Marsh, Alex, and David Mullins. "The Social Exclusion Perspective and Housing Studies: Origins, Applications and Limitations." Housing Studies 13, no. 6 (November 1998): 749–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02673039883047.

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34

Harrison, Malcolm. "Theorising Exclusion and Difference: Specificity, Structure and Minority Ethnic Housing Issues." Housing Studies 13, no. 6 (November 1998): 793–806. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02673039883074.

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35

Sturzaker, John, and Mark Shucksmith. "Planning for housing in rural England: Discursive power and spatial exclusion." Town Planning Review 82, no. 2 (January 2011): 169–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/tpr.2011.11.

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36

Arthurson, Kathy. "From stigma to demolition: Australian debates about housing and social exclusion." Journal of Housing and the Built Environment 19, no. 3 (2004): 255–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10901-004-0692-1.

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37

Cornes, Michelle, Louise Joly, Jill Manthorpe, Sue O'Halloran, and Rob Smyth. "Working Together to Address Multiple Exclusion Homelessness." Social Policy and Society 10, no. 4 (August 5, 2011): 513–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1474746411000261.

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This article draws on preliminary findings from a two-year exploratory study to describe how different agencies and professionals work together to identify and manage the intersections between homelessness and other facets of deep social exclusion. We assess the extent to which current practice is informed by policy frameworks for ‘personalised and integrated care planning’ focusing in particular on the ‘coordinating’ and ‘sign-posting’ role of the housing support worker. We conclude with some initial thoughts as to how policy and practice might be strengthened in this area to ensure more ‘joined-up’ and continuous support for people with experience of multiple exclusion homelessness.
38

Fajardo-Bullón, Fernando, Jesús Pérez-Mayo, Igor Esnaola, Isobel Anderson, and Marcus Knutagård. "Influence of Psychosocial Variables on the Health of People Living in Housing Exclusion." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 23 (December 2, 2020): 8983. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17238983.

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The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of some personal characteristics, health variables, and social support on the self-rated health of people in housing exclusion in Spain. For that purpose, we used the FOESSA Survey of Social Integration and Needs database, with a final sample of 1574 households. Being more educated and reporting a good life satisfaction stood out as the main factors preventing worse health status. Furthermore, results showed that being female, experiencing poverty-related food insecurity, not having health insurance, experiencing widowhood or partner bereavement, and having caring responsibilities for others or having a disabled person in the household are associated with increased reporting of regular or poor health. On the other hand, being young, having a diagnosed/long-term illness, and a big household size are preventive factors for good health. These results allowed identifying risk and prevention factors to inform interventions to improve the health of those living in housing exclusion. Promoting better education levels, social support, and overall life satisfaction could be important to improve health in this population. Developing social support policies for caring responsibilities and food insecurity must be a priority to improve the health of people living in housing exclusion.
39

Kleinman, Mark, and Christine Whitehead. "Housing and regeneration: the problem or the solution." National Institute Economic Review 170 (October 1999): 78–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002795019917000111.

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Housing policy has traditionally been highly specific, concentrating on providing decent affordable homes. Now, however, housing is being seen more as a major factor in locating wider problems of deprivation and social exclusion, as well as an important part in solutions, not only by increasing housing quality, but more widely through its impact on the neighbourhood, regeneration and even urban renaissance. The article reviews a range of research findings on the role that housing plays in concentrating problems of deprivation and decay, on the relationship between deprivation and housing conditions, on how the housing market operates in relation to successful area-based employment and regeneration policies, and the implications that these results have on how area-based policies should be evaluated.
40

Lysyak, Natalya, and Yana Pecherytsya. "Spatial exclusion in Ukraine: problems and prerequisites." Socio-Economic Problems of the Modern Period of Ukraine, no. 2(142) (2020): 32–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.36818/2071-4653-2020-2-5.

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The article comprehends the phenomenon of spatial exclusion for the conditions of Ukraine. The existing concepts and approaches to the definition of exclusion are analyzed. Spatial exclusion is interpreted as a phenomenon when part of space (territory) limited in use for economic activities of society (inhabitants of the territory) expresses physical, economic, legal, social, political, and other types of restrictions. The concept includes mechanisms, processes, and elements that lead to restrictions in terms of the use of territories: accessibility, restrictions on obtaining economic benefits from the use of spatial resources, declining living conditions of the population. On the basis of legal norms, theoretical provisions, as well as spatial situations that arise in the field of spatial planning in Ukraine, many signs of spatial exclusion have been formed. They are concentrated in violation of the legal provisions of the use of territories; the system of spatial resources management of the territorial community; the uneven localization of investment in space; housing construction and housing policy; inconsistencies in urban planning documentation and strategies for socio-economic development of territories. Some problems and processes are considered on the example of Ukrainian cities. The characteristic features of spatial exclusion and the possibility of applying the concept to regulate spatial policy in Ukraine are analyzed, in particular, spatial exclusion should be interpreted more broadly than certain restrictions arising from violations of laws or regulations. The issues of spatial and investment policy of the government, its understanding of the tasks of territorial development, transparency in decision-making are important. As a result of current mistakes of specialists and decisions focused on temporary benefits, conditions are created for the growth of the cost of solving urban problems in the future and the deterioration of the state of the environment.
41

Alkhareif, Ryadh, and William Barnett. "Core inflation indicators for Saudi Arabia." Panoeconomicus 62, no. 3 (2015): 257–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/pan1503257a.

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This paper constructs and analyzes core inflation indicators for Saudi Arabia for the period of March 2012 to May 2014 using two alternative approaches: the exclusion method (ex food and housing/rent) and the statistical method. The findings of the analysis suggest that the ex food and housing/ rent inflation is more volatile than the overall CPI inflation over the sample period. In contrast, the statistical core inflation is relatively more stable and less volatile. Moreover, the ex food and housing/rent inflation is only weakly correlated with headline inflation, whereas the statistical core inflation exhibits a stronger correlation. This combination of lower volatility and higher correlation with headline inflation makes the statistical method a much better choice for policymakers. From a monetary policy standpoint, using a bundle of core inflation measures, including both properly constructed exclusion and statistical methods, is more desirable, especially when variation across measures is widespread, as is the case in Saudi Arabia.
42

Greene, Joss T. "Categorical Exclusions: How Racialized Gender Regulation Reproduces Reentry Hardship." Social Problems 66, no. 4 (November 28, 2018): 548–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/socpro/spy023.

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AbstractSince gender organizes key reentry services such as housing, formerly incarcerated people seeking resources must successfully inhabit a gender category. Drawing on seven months of ethnography and 79 interviews with service providers and formerly incarcerated transgender people, I show that these organizational practices of gender categorization are racialized and impact resource access. Most gender-segregated housing programs rely on biology-based definitions of gender. These gender rules create workable options for trans men to stay with women, but bar trans women from women’s spaces. Once in gendered housing programs, clients need to navigate gender assessment in interactions. Trans men employed several strategies to establish gendered selves who were easily categorized as either male or female, which allowed them to access stable housing. Gender sanctioning posed a major problem for black trans women. Black trans women were highly scrutinized in women’s programs, characterized as illegitimate based on biological definitions of gender, and harassed for any perceived deviation from gender norms. When harassment escalated into conflict, they were expelled from programs. Regulation of black trans women’s womanhood led to systematic material deprivation. By understanding the connections between categorical exclusions and exclusion from resources we can better understand the reproduction of reentry hardship and inequality more broadly.
43

Morris, Alan. "‘The Government is the Best Landlord I've Ever Had’: Older Public Housing Tenants and Social Inclusion in Inner Sydney." Economic and Labour Relations Review 19, no. 1 (November 2008): 93–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/103530460801900107.

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In this qualitative study based on in-depth interviews with fifteen older public housing tenants in inner-city neighbourhoods in Sydney, the life circumstances of older public housing tenants are explored. A primary aim of the study was to interrogate the notion that public housing is a form of housing tenure that is no longer worth pursuing due to it being a harbinger of misery and social exclusion for its residents. The research suggests that this conclusion is, in many ways, mythology. For the older public housing tenants interviewed, being accommodated in this tenure form was viewed as a ‘life-saver’. Despite the ever-increasing residualisation of public housing, the provision of affordable, adequate and secure accommodation in convenient locations gave them the capacity to pursue a life that they valued.
44

Tryggvadóttir, Helga Katrín, and Unnur Dís Skaptadóttir. "Borders, Boundaries, and Exclusion in the Icelandic Asylum System." Refuge 34, no. 2 (December 10, 2018): 16–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1055573ar.

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Grounded in theories of borders and boundaries, this article critically engages with the processes through which asylum seekers in Iceland are excluded from full participation in society. Immigration laws and bureaucratic barriers contribute to this exclusion, which is a result of restrictions on labour market participation, lack of housing, temporality, and lack of meaningful activities. We discuss how borders and boundaries create the identity of the asylum seeker and how the participants in this study experience that identity. We identify three main areas of exclusion: social exclusion, isolation, and cultural boundaries.
45

Liu, Jian, and Huay Ying Ong. "Can Malaysia’s National Affordable Housing Policy Guarantee Housing Affordability of Low-Income Households?" Sustainability 13, no. 16 (August 7, 2021): 8841. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13168841.

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Housing affordability is a long-held issue in Malaysia, and housing policies have been implemented for low-income households over the years. However, there is a contradiction that housing affordability of low-income households has not been met, while the bulk of affordable housing is still vacant. In 2019, Malaysia enacted the National Affordable Housing Policy (DRMM) which was intended to improve housing affordability for low-income groups. This paper aims to answer why Malaysia’s long-term implementation of affordable housing policies cannot guarantee housing affordability, and whether the DRMM can effectively improve housing affordability as expected, by comparing the empirical factors of housing affordability. A literature review and a comparative analysis are adopted in the research. The paper concludes that low household income, high land price, construction cost and compliance cost, mismatch of supply and demand in terms of quantity, the instability of the national economy, low home financing ability, and incomprehensive housing planning have caused low housing affordability of low-income groups in Malaysia. The DRMM as anticipated can improve housing affordability by supplying affordable housing more precisely, lowering housing costs, and improving home financing ability. However, the exclusion of household income and economic factors may cause the ineffectiveness of the DRMM in improving housing affordability for low-income households.
46

Dymski, Gary. "Racial Exclusion and the Political Economy of the Subprime Crisis." Historical Materialism 17, no. 2 (2009): 149–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156920609x436162.

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AbstractThis paper develops a political economic explanation of the 2007–9 US subprime crisis which focuses on one of its central causes: the transformation of racial exclusion in US mortgage-markets. Until the early 1990s, racial minorities were systematically excluded from mortgage-finance due to bank-redlining and discrimination. But, then, racial exclusion in credit-markets was transformed: racial minorities were increasingly given access to housing-credit under terms far more adverse than were offered to non-minority borrowers. This paper shows that the emergence of the subprime loan is linked, in turn, to the strategic transformation of banking in the 1980s, and to the unique global circumstances of the US macro-economy. Thus, subprime lending emerged from a combination of the long US history of racial exclusion in credit-markets, the crisis of US banking, and the position of the US within the global economy. From the viewpoint of the capitalist accumulation-process, these loans increased the depth of the financial expropriation of the working class by financial capital. The crisis in subprime lending then emerged when subprime loans with exploitative terms became more widespread and were made increasingly on an under-collateralised basis – that is, when housing-loans became not just extortionary but speculative.
47

Jinno, Keisuke. "Public Housing for Lower-Middle-Income Families: New Jersey’s State Housing Program in the Late 1940s." New Jersey Studies: An Interdisciplinary Journal 4, no. 2 (July 20, 2018): 129. http://dx.doi.org/10.14713/njs.v4i2.126.

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This article addresses a lost housing alternative at the dawn of post-New Deal, homeowner-centered America. At the end of the 1940s, the State of New Jersey attempted to launch a state public housing program for lower-middle-income families who had been left out of both the private market for prospective homeowners and the existing public housing projects. The program, however, was incompatible with business-backed plans to create a mass homeownership society. Galvanized by anti-tax sentiment among current and prospective homeowners, voters rejected a state housing bond referendum necessary to the program. An additional factor was white residents’ politics of exclusion that produced anti-public housing hysteria. Finally, plan proponents’ lack of consensus about financial resources and grass-roots activities failed to sway public opinion and resulted in low voter turnout in central places.
48

Plassmeyer, Mark, and Shannon Sliva. "Social Exclusion as a State-Level Predictor of Changes in Collateral Sanctions." Criminal Justice Review 43, no. 2 (July 27, 2017): 236–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734016817721292.

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Collateral sanctions are civil penalties or disabilities imposed upon people who are arrested, charged, or convicted of a crime. Little research is available concerning state-level predictors of these policies in the United States. Current research suggests that racial threat and political conservatism are associated with harsher sanctions or more restrictions in the realms of employment, housing, social benefits, and other categories. Using state report cards from the Legal Action Center, this study builds on existing knowledge by testing the relationship between state-level variables consistent with a social exclusion framework and collateral sanctions policies while also testing the relationship between social exclusion and changes in these policies over time. Results indicate that higher levels of social exclusion, measured by affordable housing scarcity, public benefit usage, and state fiscal health, may play a role in the adoption of state collateral sanction policies over time. In contrast to previous research, results offer mixed evidence regarding the relationship between the racial makeup of the state and the adoption of collateral sanctions policies. Policy implications are discussed.
49

Schwan, Kaitlin, Erin Dej, and Alicia Versteegh. "Girls, Homelessness, and COVID-19." Girlhood Studies 13, no. 3 (December 1, 2020): 151–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/ghs.2020.130311.

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Equitable access to adequate housing has increasingly been recognized as a matter of life and death during the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite this, there has been limited gendered analysis of how COVID-19 has shaped girls’ access to housing. In this article we analyze how the socio-economic exclusion of girls who are homeless is likely to increase during the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada. We suggest that three structural inequities will deepen this exclusion: the disproportionate burden of poverty faced by women; the inequitible childcare responsibilities women bear; and the proliferation of violence against women. We argue for the development of a research agenda that can address the structural conditions that foster pathways into homelessness for low-income and marginalized girls in the context of COVID-19 and beyond.
50

Kong, Yoon Kyung. "The Social Mix Policies and Alternative Housing Movement for Overcoming Social Exclusion." Journal of the Korean Urban Geographical Society 19, no. 1 (April 30, 2016): 31–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.21189/jkugs.19.1.3.

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