Relevant bibliographies by topics / Average propensity to consume

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Average propensity to consume'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 25 July 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Average propensity to consume"

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Fikri, Muhammad, Amri Amir, and Erni Achmad. "Analisis Konsumsi Masyarakat Indonesia Sebelum dan Setelah Krisis Ekonomi." Jurnal Perspektif Pembiayaan dan Pembangunan Daerah 1, no. 3 (2014): 165. http://dx.doi.org/10.22437/ppd.v1i3.1550.

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This study aims to determine and analyze how big the marginal propensity to consume (MPC) and the average propensity to consume (APC) the people of Indonesia before and after the economic crisis and to find out and analyze what factors are affecting the consumption of Indonesian society. The method used in this research is descriptive and quantitative methods. From the research : 1) the marginal propensity to consume (MPC) the people of Indonesia after the economic crisis has decreased and the average propensity to consume (APC) the people of Indonesia after the economic crisis have increased.
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Suh, Hyunduk. "Understanding Recent Decline in Average Propensity to Consume." Journal of Economic Studies 35, no. 3 (2017): 75–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.30776/jes.35.3.4.

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Holmes, Mark J. "Housing equity withdrawal and the average propensity to consume." Applied Economics 25, no. 10 (1993): 1315–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00036849300000099.

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Holmes, Mark J., and Xin Shen. "A note on the average propensity to consume, wealth and threshold adjustment." Economic Modelling 35 (September 2013): 309–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.econmod.2013.07.008.

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Kaplan, Greg, and Giovanni L. Violante. "The Marginal Propensity to Consume in Heterogeneous Agent Models." Annual Review of Economics 14, no. 1 (2022): 747–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-economics-080217-053444.

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What model features and calibration strategies yield a large average marginal propensity to consume (MPC) in heterogeneous agent models? Through a systematic investigation of models with different preferences, dimensions of ex-ante heterogeneity, income processes, and asset structures, we show that the most important factor is the share and type of hand-to-mouth households. One-asset models either feature a trade-off between a high average MPC and a realistic level of aggregate wealth or generate an excessively polarized wealth distribution that vastly understates the wealth held by households
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Martínez-Jiménez, Mario, Pilar García-Gómez, and Jaume Puig-Junoy. "The Effect of Changes in Cost Sharing on the Consumption of Prescription and Over-the-Counter Medicines in Catalonia." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 5 (2021): 2562. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18052562.

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Many universal health care systems have increased the share of the price of medicines paid by the patient to reduce the cost pressure faced after the Great Recession. This paper assesses the impact of cost-sharing changes on the propensity to consume prescription and over-the-counter medicines in Catalonia, a Spanish autonomous community, affected by three new cost-sharing policies implemented in 2012. We applied a quasi-experimental difference-in-difference method using data from 2010 to 2014. These reforms were heterogeneous across different groups of individuals, so we define three interven
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이항용 and 강인순. "The effects of age difference between parents and children on average propensity to consume." Journal of Social Science 43, no. 3 (2017): 381–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.15820/khjss.2017.43.3.015.

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Kaur, Rupinder, Anupama, Jasdeep Singh Toor, and Kuldeep Singh. "Levels of Consumption Expenditure in Rural Non-Farm Households in Punjab." Asian Review of Social Sciences 12, no. 2 (2023): 44–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.51983/arss-2023.12.2.3624.

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The study depicts that an average rural non-farm household spends Rs. 16,138.61 per year on consumption. The Bathinda district has the highest expenditure, followed by the Jalandhar and Gurdaspur districts. Rural non-farm households typically consume in a subsistence-oriented manner. Food goods account for a significant portion of these categories’ overall consumer spending. Rural non-farm households in the Bathinda district spend 1.20 times as much on consumption per person as non-farm households in the Gurdaspur district, and per-household consumption expenditure in the Bathinda district is
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Agbarakwe, Dr U. H., and Mr Elechi. "Revalidation of the Keynes Absolute Income Hypothesis among Households in Choba Community." Scholars Journal of Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences 13, no. 03 (2025): 52–61. https://doi.org/10.36347/sjahss.2025.v13i03.004.

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This study attempted to revalidate the Keynes Absolute Income Hypothesis among households in Choba Community in Obio/Akpor Local Government Area in Rivers State. This was done through examining the consumption expenditure pattern on food, communication, transportation, and clothing of households in the community. The study adopted the cross-sectional survey design with an estimated population of 48,081 inhabitants of Choba community. The sample size consisted of 100 samples drawn from the total population using the Taro Yamane technique. The data collected were analyzed via descriptive and eco
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Gelman, Michael, Yuriy Gorodnichenko, Shachar Kariv, et al. "The Response of Consumer Spending to Changes in Gasoline Prices." American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics 15, no. 2 (2023): 129–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/mac.20210024.

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This paper estimates how overall consumer spending responds to changes in gasoline prices. It uses the differential impact across consumers of the sharp drop in gasoline prices in 2014 for identification. This estimation strategy is implemented using comprehensive, high-frequency, transaction-level data for a large panel of individuals. The average estimated marginal propensity to consume (MPC) out of unanticipated, permanent shocks to income is approximately one. This estimate accounts for the elasticity of demand for gasoline and potential slow adjustment to changes in prices. The high MPC i
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Average propensity to consume"

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Crespo, Cuaresma Jesus, Jozef Kubala, and Kristina Petrikova. "Does income inequality affect aggregate consumption? Revisiting the evidence." WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 2016. http://epub.wu.ac.at/4787/1/wp210.pdf.

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The standard Keynesian view predicts that equalization of the income distribution leads to an increase in aggregate consumption. We revisit the analysis carried out by the seminal empirical contributions which test such a hypothesis using modern econometric methods and the most comprehensive dataset existing on income distribution measures. Our results indicate that there is no substantive empirical evidence of an effect of income inequality on aggregate consumption. (authors' abstract)<br>Series: Department of Economics Working Paper Series
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Crespo, Cuaresma Jesus, Jozef Kubala, and Kristina Petrikova. "Does income inequality affect aggregate consumption? Revisiting the evidence." Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00181-017-1302-x.

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The standard Keynesian view predicts that equalization of the income distribution leads to an increase in aggregate consumption. We revisit the analysis carried out by the seminal empirical contributions which test such a hypothesis using modern econometric methods and the most comprehensive dataset existing on income distribution measures. Our results indicate that there is no empirical evidence of a negative effect of income inequality on aggregate consumption.
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Trabacchin, Veronica <1997&gt. "How real estate and business cycle affect the household’s propensity to consume." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/20276.

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How do shocks in the households’ housing and financial wealth affect their consumption? To answer this question we examine the results of previous researches and build our analysis by using the data on the balance sheet and consumption of 18 countries of the Euro area from 2006 to 2020. We estimate the MPC for different categories of goods by durability through the multiple linear regression model and explain how the Covid-19 pandemic affected it. We find that the MPCs out of housing wealth fall in the range of 4.5 - 4.82 cents, while the MPCs out of financial wealth range from 2.84 to 3.34 ce
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Franceschini, Ana Carolina Trousdell. "Propensão a consumir no laboratório comportamental: um estudo dos efeitos da renda sobre consumo e poupança usando ratos como sujeitos experimentais." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/47/47132/tde-12092012-113725/.

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A Economia Comportamental sob a orientação da Análise do Comportamento consiste em uma área de pesquisa que aplica princípios econômicos para exame de questões comportamentais. Uma de suas concentrações temáticas está voltada ao comportamento de consumir. Nas Ciências Econômicas, uma das principais variáveis identificadas como controladoras do consumo é a renda pessoal. Uma das ferramentas econômicas usadas para descrever esta relação de controle é a Propensão Marginal a Consumir, e o presente experimento propõe um procedimento para reproduzir esta ferramenta com sujeitos não-humanos. Neste in
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Kronberger, Ralf, and Christoph Schmid. "Effects of the Austrian Income Tax Reform 2015/2016 on Private Consumption: Survey Findings." WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 2018. http://epub.wu.ac.at/6769/1/wp275.pdf.

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We use survey findings to analyse the effects of the Austrian income tax reform 2015/2016 on private consumption differentiated by income classes. Using survey data, we also estimate the corresponding average marginal propensities to consume and compare them to applied average marginal propensities to consume in economic models used to analyse the previous two income tax reforms in Austria. The estimated average marginal propensity to consume amounts to approximately 0.46, whereby in tendency increasing from the lowest income class (0.42-0.43) to the highest income class (0.48-0.50). Our estim
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Commault, Jeanne. "Three essays on precautionary saving consumption decisions." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLX028.

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Dans cette thèse, j’examine l’effet de l’incertitude sur les comportements de consommation dans les modèles de cycle de vie. Bien qu’on ait fait le constat depuis les années 1980 que l’incertitude peut modifier de manière substantielle les prédictions des modèles de cycle de vie, certains des mécanismes en jeu sont encore mal connus. Dans le chapitre 1, j’étudie les conséquences de la présence d’incertitude sur la croissance de la consommation, et je montre qu’elles mettent en cause la croyance existante selon laquelle la consommation obéirait une marche aléatoire dans les modèles de cycle de
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Stoll, Kevin Edward. "Methodologies for Missing Data with Range Regressions." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1553084421553404.

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Tamashiro, Ricardo de Melo. "A evolução dos salários e seus reflexos na estrutura de gastos das famílias brasileiras entre 2002 e 2009: uma perspectiva keynesiana." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2015. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/9263.

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:48:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ricardo de Melo Tamashiro.pdf: 1467421 bytes, checksum: 95e12f0106e54d2efd39cea7e61aa55d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-09-18<br>This main aim to understand the evolution of salaries in the Brazilian economy and analyze its effects on structure of household expenditures between 2002 and 2009, from the Consumer Expenditure Survey (POF - Pesquisa de Orçamento Familiar). To this end, we use John Maynard Keynes theory aiming to explore the concept of fundamental psychological law for Brazil, which allowed to demonstrat
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Babáková, Andrea. "Spotřební chování." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-76223.

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The thesis focuses on investigating and searching for differences between consumer behavior of Czech and Slovak households depending on chosen socioeconomic factors. For the purpose of this thesis source materials are taken mainly from researches realized by Czech and Slovak Statistical Office, specifically from survey sampling Household Budget Study 2009. Data are analyzed through the use of comprehensive characteristics of location, variability and box diagrams. Generalized linear models are used for modeling dependence of consumer behavior on chosen quantitative and qualitative factors. Hou
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Švarc, Michal. "Empirická analýza projektu: Stáže ve firmách." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-192454.

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This paper is dedicated to the empirical analysis of the pilot trainee project Stáže ve firmách, which is considered as treatment in this analysis. The main objective of the empirical analysis is estimation of average treatment effect(ATE) and average treatment effect on treated(ATET) for characteristics like socioeconomic status and wage. Counterfactual methods for policy impact evaluation like Difference in Differences Estimator(DiD), First Differences Estimator(FD) and Propensity Score Matching(PSM) are used to estimation mentioned effects. This paper contains extension of Assignment Proble
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Books on the topic "Average propensity to consume"

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Kimball, Miles S. Precautionary saving and the marginal propensity to consume. National Bureau of Economic Research, 1990.

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Carroll, Chris. Precautionary saving and the marginal propensity to consume out of permanent income. National Bureau of Economic Research, 2001.

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Gazioglu, S. Influence of fiscal shocks and varying marginal propensity to consume (MPC) on exchange rate volatility under imperfect capital mobility and asset substitutability. University of Aberdeen, Dept. of Economics, 1991.

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Carroll, Chris. 'Risky habits' and the marginal propensity to consume out of permanent income, or, How much would a permanent tax cut boost Japanese consumption? National Bureau of Economic Research, 2000.

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Coppenolle, Peter Van, and Antal Fekete. Credit and the Two Sources from Which It Springs: The Propensity to Save and the Propensity to Consume - Volume II. Independently Published, 2019.

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Coppenolle, Peter Van, and Antal Fekete. Credit and the Two Sources from Which It Springs: The Propensity to Save and the Propensity to Consume - Volume III. Independently Published, 2019.

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Coppenolle, Peter Van, and Antal Fekete. Credit and the Two Sources from Which It Springs: The Propensity to Save and the Propensity to Consume - Volume I. Independently Published, 2019.

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Coppenolle, Peter Van, Sandeep Jaitly, and Antal Fekete. Credit and the Two Sources from Which It Springs: The Propensity to Save and the Propensity to Consume - Volume IV. Independently Published, 2019.

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Albuquerque, Bruno, and Georgina Green. Financial Concerns and the Marginal Propensity to Consume in COVID Times: Evidence from UK Survey Data. International Monetary Fund, 2022.

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Albuquerque, Bruno, and Georgina Green. Financial Concerns and the Marginal Propensity to Consume in COVID Times: Evidence from UK Survey Data. International Monetary Fund, 2022.

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Book chapters on the topic "Average propensity to consume"

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Eatwell, John. "Propensity to Consume." In The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-95121-5_1546-1.

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Eatwell, John. "Propensity to Consume." In The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-95189-5_1546.

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Sheehan, Brendan. "The Propensity to Consume and the Multiplier." In Understanding Keynes’ General Theory. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230232853_4.

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Keynes, John Maynard. "The Marginal Propensity to Consume and the Multiplier." In The General Theory of Employment, Interest, and Money. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-70344-2_10.

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Keynes, John Maynard. "The Propensity to Consume: I. The Objective Factors." In The General Theory of Employment, Interest, and Money. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-70344-2_8.

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Keynes, John Maynard. "The Propensity to Consume: II. The Subjective Factors." In The General Theory of Employment, Interest, and Money. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-70344-2_9.

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Ndou, Eliphas, Nombulelo Gumata, and Mthuli Ncube. "Exchange Rate Depreciation Shocks and Redistribution of Income: The Marginal Propensity to Consume Channel." In Global Economic Uncertainties and Exchange Rate Shocks. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-62280-4_10.

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Ding, Peng. "The Doubly Robust or the Augmented Inverse Propensity Score Weighting Estimator for the Average Causal Effect." In A First Course in Causal Inference. Chapman and Hall/CRC, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003484080-12.

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Torrez-Ruiz, Marisa S., Sandra Soto, Nanette V. Lopez, and Elva M. Arredondo. "A Strength-Based Approach to Cancer Prevention in Latinxs." In Advancing the Science of Cancer in Latinos. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-14436-3_15.

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AbstractAs Latinxs become exposed to US culture, their risk for many chronic diseases increases, including the risk of cancer. On average, less acculturated Latinxs consume more nutrient-dense foods including fruits, vegetables, and whole grains; they are also more active than their US counterparts because they use active transportation. Cultural and behavioral patterns of recent immigrants may prove to be protective; these patterns are based on the Latinx values of collectivism, familismo, and personalismo. As generational status in the United States increases, positive health behaviors relat
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Dama, Alessandro, Esra Abdelhalim Mohamed Khalfallaand, Andrea Alongi, and Adriana Angelotti. "Thermal Performance Characterization of Recycled Textile-Based Materials for Building Insulation." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-69626-8_38.

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AbstractThis study reports the experimental investigation of the heat transfer properties of building panels obtained from the post-consume textile waste through an Airlay process in the framework of a research project for the valorization of textile waste in the building sector. The analyzed panels are based on a different kind of textile fabric (mostly polyester, mostly cotton or mixed) and have a different density (low, medium and high). The heat transfer properties were measured through the dynamic methodology of the hot disc, both in laboratory conditions and in a climatic chamber. A good
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Conference papers on the topic "Average propensity to consume"

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Arup, H., C. Christensen, P. B. Mortensen, R. T. Hill, and C. Peyk. "Measurement of Effluent Hydrogen in Pressure Vessel and Linepipe Steels." In CORROSION 1995. NACE International, 1995. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1995-95637.

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Abstract The effluent hydrogen flux from a pressure vessel or linepipe in wet H2S service is a measure of the concentration of diffusible hydrogen in the steel, and hence also of the propensity to hydrogen induced cracking in the steel wall. Effluent hydrogen can be collected from the external surface and quantified as an average flux over a certain time by volumetric or barometric measurements. It can be measured also as a direct hydrogen flux by amporemetric measurements using the Devanathan/Stachurski type of measuring devices. The work reported here compares physically measured hydrogen eg
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Walsh, Michael T., and Alberto A. Sagüés. "Modeling and Control of Localized Corrosion of Steel in Submerged Reinforced Concrete Structures." In CORROSION 2016. NACE International, 2016. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2016-07766.

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Abstract A quantitative model to forecast corrosion damage in submerged concrete in marine environments is presented. The model incorporates Potential Dependent Threshold (PDT) features and determines the damage function for affected structures. The model has been validated via comparison with field examinations of extracted piles. The model is used to evaluate the influence of structural and material parameters on extent of corrosion damage plus the feasibility and benefits of deploying galvanic cathodic protection anodes for supplemental corrosion control over an extended service life period
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Roy, Siddhartha, and Marc A. Edwards. "Effects of CaCO3 Precipitation on Erosion-Corrosion of Non-leaded Brass Fittings in Potable Water Systems." In CORROSION 2016. NACE International, 2016. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2016-07826.

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Abstract Brasses used in potable water distribution systems had up to 8% lead until January 2014. Thereafter, the 2011 Federal Reduction of Lead in Drinking Water Act came into force to protect the public from lead exposure, requiring new brass alloys that do not exceed a surface-weighted average of 0.25% Pb, and which are termed “nonleaded”. Many nonleaded brass products are now available, but their propensity to fail as a result of erosion corrosion is unknown This study tested the performance of commercially available nonleaded brass elbows (C46500) in a recirculating Cross-linked Polyethyl
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Kondrashkina, I. I. "Assessing The Population Propensity To Consume And Save In Russia." In International Conference on Finance, Entrepreneurship and Technologies in Digital Economy. European Publisher, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2021.03.67.

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Dam, Bidhan, and Ahsan Choudhuri. "Flashback Propensity of Syngas Fuels." In ASME 2009 Power Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2009-81011.

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The paper presents experimental measurements of flashback propensity of H2-CO mixtures (primary constituents of syngas fuels). Effects of H2 concentration, external excitation and swirl on the flashback propensity of H2-CO flames are discussed. The flashback behavior of H2-CO flames changes nonlinearly with the increase in H2 contents in the mixture. The critical velocity gradient (gF) values of 5%–95% and 15%–85% H2-CO mixtures somewhat agree with the scaling relation (gF = c(SL2/α)) and yield an average c value of 0.035. However, the gF values of 25%–75% H2-CO mixture show higher order varia
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Gabrikova, Barbora, and Lucia Svabova. "IMPACT EVALUATION OF THE GRADUATE PRACTICE INTERVENTION USING THE CART METHOD." In 12th International Scientific Conference „Business and Management 2022“. Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/bm.2022.834.

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The contribution for graduate practice is one of the measures of active labour market policy in Slovakia aimed at gaining first job experience and contacts for young school-graduates. The main aim of the study is a counterfactual impact evaluation of this contribution on the employability of its participants. The evaluation is aimed at the period 2015-2017 and realized using the real database of 12,953 treated eligible participants of Graduate practice and 83,907 non-treated controls. For the evaluation, propensity score matching was used, where the propensity scores were estimated by the meth
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Chen, Li, and Aaron P. Wemhoff. "Predictions of Airside Economization-Based Air-Cooled Data Center Environmental Burden Reduction." In ASME 2022 International Technical Conference and Exhibition on Packaging and Integration of Electronic and Photonic Microsystems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipack2022-92005.

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Abstract Modern data centers, which consume roughly 3% of global electricity, continue to experience increased demand. Therefore, green data centers that consume less energy and have minimal environmental impact are desirable. This study examines the potential energy savings and environmental benefits of applying airside economization with evaporative cooling in air-cooled data centers in the continental U.S. A generic data center that employs a Computer Room Air Conditioning (CRAC)-based cooling system with a total IT load of 400 kW is modeled at 925 locations using the National Renewable Ene
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Arnold, David P., Sridhar Gururaj, Sunil Bhardwaj, Toshikazu Nishida, and Mark Sheplak. "A Piezoresistive Microphone for Aeroacoustic Measurements." In ASME 2001 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2001/mems-23841.

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Abstract This paper presents the characterization of a piezoresistive silicon microphone. The microphone was designed for aeroacoustic measurements where small size, high dynamic range, large frequency bandwidth, and low power requirements are desired. It consists of four dielectrically-isolated, single-crystal silicon piezoresistors mounted on the top surface of a circular, tensile silicon nitride diaphragm. Multiple devices were characterized in terms of linearity, frequency response, drift, noise, and power. The sensors exhibit an average sensitivity of 0.6 μ/Pa·V, a flat frequency response
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Van Alstine, Daniel G., David T. Montgomery, Timothy J. Callahan, and Radu C. Florea. "Ability of the Methane Number Index of a Fuel to Predict Rapid Combustion in Heavy Duty Dual Fuel Engines for North American Locomotives." In ASME 2015 Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icef2015-1119.

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Low natural gas prices have made the fuel an attractive alternative to diesel and other common fuels, particularly in applications that consume large quantities of fuel. The North American rail industry is examining the use of locomotives powered by dual fuel engines to realize savings in fuel costs. These dual fuel engines can substitute a large portion of the diesel fuel with natural gas that is premixed with the intake air. Engine knock in traditional premixed spark-ignited combustion is undesirable but well characterized by the Methane Number index, which quantifies the propensity of a gas
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Shang, Julia Yili, and Julian Avellaneda. "A Convenient Mobile Application to Modify High-Sugar Baking Recipes to Diabetic-Friendly using Text Recognition and Artificial Intelligence." In 12th International Conference on Software Engineering and Applications. Academy & Industry Research Collaboration, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5121/csit.2023.131713.

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Previous research demonstrated that an average American adult could easily over consume the daily suggested amount of added sugar. Our team realized that a typical dessert contains way more sugar than suggested amount, which can be potentially harmful to obese and diabetic patients. We decided to develop a mobile application scans conventional baking recipe, recognize the and generates a healthier recipe reduced in sugar using AI to replace some of the ingredients to healthier ones. The three major technical components are authentication service, AI, and text recognition and matching function.
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Reports on the topic "Average propensity to consume"

1

Kimball, Miles. Precautionary Saving and the Marginal Propensity to Consume. National Bureau of Economic Research, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w3403.

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2

Lewis, Daniel, Davide Melcangi, and Laura Pilossoph. Latent Heterogeneity in the Marginal Propensity to Consume. National Bureau of Economic Research, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w32523.

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3

Kosar, Gizem, and Davide Melcangi. Subjective Uncertainty and the Marginal Propensity to Consume. Federal Reserve Bank of New York, 2025. https://doi.org/10.59576/sr.1148.

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Earnings uncertainty is central to most heterogeneous-household models. Yet, there is surprisingly little evidence on how subjective uncertainty is related to consumption behavior. Using unique data from the Survey of Consumer Expectations, we show that the marginal propensity to consume (MPC) is increasing and concave in individual specific earnings growth uncertainty. In the workhorse consumption–savings model, augmented with risk heterogeneity, MPCs decline with earnings uncertainty, contrary to the empirical evidence. We pinpoint which mechanisms, central to the model, create this disconne
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4

Gross, Tal, Matthew Notowidigdo, and Jialan Wang. The Marginal Propensity to Consume Over the Business Cycle. National Bureau of Economic Research, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w22518.

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5

Kaplan, Greg, and Giovanni Violante. The Marginal Propensity to Consume in Heterogeneous Agent Models. National Bureau of Economic Research, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w30013.

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6

Carroll, Christopher. Precautionary Saving and the Marginal Propensity to Consume out of Permanent Income. National Bureau of Economic Research, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w8233.

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7

Karger, Ezra, and Aastha Rajan. Heterogeneity in the Marginal Propensity to Consume: Evidence from Covid-19 Stimulus Pay. Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21033/wp-2020-15.

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8

Hirano, Keisuke, Guido Imbens, and Geert Ridder. Efficient Estimation of Average Treatment Effects Using the Estimated Propensity Score. National Bureau of Economic Research, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/t0251.

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9

Landau, Sergei Yan, John W. Walker, Avi Perevolotsky, Eugene D. Ungar, Butch Taylor, and Daniel Waldron. Goats for maximal efficacy of brush control. United States Department of Agriculture, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2008.7587731.bard.

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Abstract:
Background. Brush encroachment constitutes a serious problem in both Texas and Israel. We addressed the issue of efficacy of livestock herbivory - in the form of goat browsing - to change the ecological balance to the detriment of the shrub vegetation. Shrub consumption by goats is kept low by plant chemical defenses such as tannins and terpenes. Scientists at TAES and ARO have developed an innovative, cost-effective methodology using fecal Near Infrared Spectrometry to elucidate the dietary percentage of targeted, browse species (terpene-richredberry and blueberry juniper in the US, and tanni
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10

Carroll, Christopher. 'Risky Habits' and the Marginal Propensity to Consume Out of Permanent Income, or, How Much Would a Permanent Tax Cut Boost Japanese Consumption? National Bureau of Economic Research, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w7839.

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