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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Biosynthesis. Enzymology / Dissertations / Theses

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Biosynthesis. Enzymology'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 13 February 2022

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1

Reva, Anna. "Enzymology of gentamicin biosynthesis." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2018. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/277902.

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Gentamicin C complex is a mixture of five structurally similar aminoglycoside antibiotics, gentamicins C1, C1a, C2, C2a, and C2b, produced by the actinomycete bacterium Micromonospora echinospora. It is established in clinical use and despite significant toxicity remains valuable to treat severe Gram-negative bacterial infections. There is a pressing need to develop novel versions of such antibiotics to combat the rise of resistance among pathogens. Engineering of the pathway requires a detailed knowledge of the genes, enzymes, and intermediates involved. The final steps of gentamicin biosynth

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2

Kanchanabanca, Chompoonik. "The enzymology of tetronic acid biosynthesis." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2015. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.708500.

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3

Crokett, Nigel. "Molecular biology and enzymology of porphyrin biosynthesis." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.334167.

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4

Jansson, Anna. "Structural enzymology of the biosynthesis of polyketide antibiotics /." Stockholm, 2004. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2004/91-7349-916-1/.

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5

Lazos, Orestis. "The enzymology of macrocyclic polyketide and siderophore biosynthesis." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.608409.

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6

Slatcher, Guy. "The mechanistic enzymology of cytochrome P-450 aromatase." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.307085.

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7

Mondal, Dibyendu. "Testing intermediates to unravel the mechanism of flavin-dependent thymidylate biosynthesis." Diss., University of Iowa, 2018. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/6478.

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In humans and most eukaryotes, thymidylate synthase (TSase) serves as a key enzyme that catalyzes the reductive methylation of deoxyuridine monophosphate (dUMP) to synthesize deoxythymidine monophosphate (dTMP), a key component of DNA. The N5, N10- methylene-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate (MTHF) serves as both the methylene donor and the hydride donor while generating dihydrofolate (H2folate) as the byproduct. However, in 2002, Myllykallio reported the discovery of flavin-dependent thymidylate synthase (FDTS) that also functions to maintain the dTMP pool, although the mechanism is different. Since t

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8

Cheng, Qian. "In Vitro Reconstitution of the Entire Enterocin Biosynthetic Pathway: New Insights into Type II PKS Enzymology." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/195469.

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Type II polyketide synthases (PKSs) are responsible for the generation of structurally diverse and clinically important aromatic polyketides. The bacteriostatic agent enterocin (enc) isolated from the marine microbe "Streptomyces maritimus" is derived from a rare benzoate primer unit and contains a unique nonaromatic caged core structure resulting from a Favorskii-like carbon skeleton rearrangement. The apparent diversion between enterocin biosynthesis and all other type II PKS pathways offered the opportunity to discover novel enzymatic strategies that may be exploited to diversify the chemic

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9

Koekemoer, Lizbe. "Characterization of prokaryotic pantothenate kinase enzymes and the development of type-specific inhibitors." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/18099.

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Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2011.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Pantothenate kinase (PanK) enzymes catalyze the first reaction in the five step biosynthesis of the essential cofactor coenzyme A. Enzymes representing each of the three identified PanK types have been studied and characterized and these PanK types exhibits a unique diversity between different organisms, therefore highlighting them as potential drug targets. In this study the type III PanK of specifically pathogenic bacteria were characterized with the goal of developing type-specific inhibitors. Several questions about the acti

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10

Henry, Luc. "Studies on enzymes mechanism and selectivity using synthetic substrate analogues." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2012. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:21234b44-3778-46c6-9a08-9351f6411f4e.

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Organic chemistry is a valuable tool for studying enzyme mechanisms. Upon incubation with a specific enzyme, synthetic substrate analogues labeled with heavy atoms or carrying extra functional groups can provide mechanistic insights. In the present work, new compounds were synthesised in order to study the mechanism and substrate selectivity of two enzymes: human γ-butyrobetaine hydroxylase and bacterial carboxymethylproline synthase. γ-Butyrobetaine hydroxylase (BBOX) is an Fe(II) and 2-oxoglutarate (2OG)-dependent oxygenase that catalyses the stereospecific hydroxylation of γ-butyrobetaine,

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11

Schmitzberger, Florian Johannes. "Structural studies of two enzymes of pantothenate biosynthesis in Escherichia Coli." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2004. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/264125.

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Pantothenate (vitamin B5), which is the invariable metabolic precursor to coenzyme A, is synthesized from L-aspartate and alpha-ketoisovalerate in a converging four-step process in bacteria. Here, structural studies of two enzymes of pantothenate biosynthesis in Escherichia coli, L-aspartate-alpha-decarboxylase and ketopantoate hydroxymethyltransferase, are described. Ketopantoate hydroxymethyltransferase catalyzes the transfer of a hydroxymethyl group on to alpha-ketoisovalerate, assisted by the cofactor 5,10-methylene-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolate. In order to determine the mode of cofactor bindi

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12

Blanes, Lucas. "β-glicosidases e β-tioglicosidases de insetos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2004. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/46/46131/tde-17082016-171034/.

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No tubo digestivo das larvas de Anastrepha fraterculus e Anastrepha pickeli há β-glicosidases capazes de clivar dissacarideos, β-glicosídeos tóxicos produzidos por plantas e substratos sintéticos. As β-glicosidases de A. fraterculus são pouco ativas e as de A. pickeli são bastante ativas sobre alguns compostos, entre eles linamarina, um glicosídeo cianogênico. Esse composto está presente, em altas concentrações, no fruto da mandioca do qual a larva se alimenta. A. fraterculus alimenta-se do fruto da goiaba e aparentemente consegue o carboidrato que necessita por ação de α-g

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13

Davis, Jeffery Thayer. "The biosynthetic Claisen condensation : mechanistic enzymology of biosynthetic thiolase from Zoogloea ramigera." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/14956.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Chemistry, 1987.<br>MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND SCIENCE.<br>Bibliography: leaves 225-230.<br>by Jeffery Thayer Davis.<br>Ph.D.

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14

Batson, Sarah. "Structural enzymology of peptidoglycan biosynthetic D-amino acid dipeptide ligases." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2010. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/3117/.

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This thesis describes approaches to further understand the structure and enzymology of D-Ala-D-Ala ligases (DDL) and those ligases with altered second substrate specificity, which confer glycopeptide antibiotic resistance. DDL is an essential enzyme in the biosynthetic pathway of the bacterial cell wall peptidoglycan. The approaches described are based primarily on the previous transition state mimic; VanA and EcDdlB, co-crystal structures. Active site mapping of VanA by site directed mutagenesis yielded VanA mutants that were expressed and purified for kinetic studies. The active site mapping

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15

McCarty, Reid Michael. "Elucidation of the Biosynthetic Pathway for 7-Deazapurines." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/204334.

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Small molecules containing a 7-deazapurine moiety are ubiquitous in nature. They comprise a broad range of structurally diverse antibiotics produced by terrestrial and marine microorganisms that possess demonstrated antibiotic and antineoplastic activity. In addition, queuosine, a hypermodified nucleoside located in the wobble position of select tRNAs that is almost universally conserved throughout biology, contains a 7-deazapurine functional group. The since their initial identification over 50 years ago, the chemical transformations underlying the biosynthesis of 7-deazapurines have remained

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16

Chassagnole, Christophe. "Chaîne de biosynthèse de la thréonine chez Escherichia Coli Tir-8 : étude expérimentale, modélisation et contrôle." Bordeaux 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998BOR28607.

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17

Risser, Fanny. "Études d’un mécanisme enzymatique et d’interactions inter-protéiques au sein de voies complexes de biosynthèse de polycétides Characterization of Intersubunit Communication in the Virginiamycin trans-Acyl Transferase Polyketide Synthase Understanding Intersubunit Interactions in the Enacyloxin Mixed cis- /trans-acyltransferase Modular Polyketide Synthase Insights into a dual function amide oxidase/macrocyclase form lankacidin biosynthesis." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LORR0296.

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Les polycétides sont des métabolites secondaires produits par divers organismes et présentant un large spectre d'activité thérapeutique. L'organisation modulaire des enzymes responsables de leur synthèse, les polycétides synthases (PKS), en font des cibles attrayantes pour la biologie synthétique visant l'obtention de nouvelles structures de polycétides. L’une des stratégies les plus prometteuses à ce jour consiste à échanger des sous-unités entières entre différents systèmes PKS. Cependant, le succès de cette stratégie dépend essentiellement de la compréhension et de l’utilisation des domaine

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18

Szu, Ping-Hui 1978. "The biosynthesis of TDP-D-Desosamine: characterization and mechanistic studies of DesII, a radical S-adenosylmethionine-dependent enzyme." Thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/3956.

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D-Desosamine, a 3-(dimethylamino)-3,4,6-trideoxyhexose found in a number of macrolide antibiotics including methymycin, neomethymycin, pikromycin, and narbomycin produced by Streptomyces venezuelae, plays an essential role in conferring biological activities to its parent aglycones. The proteins encoded by the desI and desII genes in the methymycin/pikromycin biosynthetic gene cluster have been proposed to catalyze C-4 deoxygenation in D-desosamine biosynthesis. DesI is a pyridoxal 5'-phosphate-dependent C4-aminotransferase and catalyzes a transamination reaction converting thymidine diphosph

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19

Grochowski, Laura L. "Molecular genetics and enzymology of secondary metabolite biosynthesis. I, Isolation of natural product biosynthesis gene clusters from symbiotic marine organisms. II, Enzymology of blasticidin S biosynthesis." Thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/29916.

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Molecular genetic and enzymological techniques have been employed to study secondary metabolite biosynthesis. These investigations have focused on two projects: the cloning and heterologous expression of biosynthetic gene clusters from unculturable marine organisms and the characterization of individual enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of the antifungal agent blasticidin S. The marine environment is proving to be a valuable source of biologically active compounds, but problems associated with sustainable harvest, laboratory culture, and organic synthesis make obtaining sufficient quantitie

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20

Wise, Mitchell L. "Biosynthesis and enzymology of conjugated polyenoic fatty acid production in macrophytic marine algae." Thesis, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/35172.

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21

Shen, Ben. "LL-C10037α and MM 14201 : structure, biosynthesis and enzymology of two epoxysemiquinone antibiotics". Thesis, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/37439.

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22

Hover, Bradley Morgan. "Mechanistic Characterization of Cyclic Pyranopterin Monophosphate Formation in Molybdenum Cofactor Biosynthesis." Diss., 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10161/9420.

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<p>The molybdenum cofactor (Moco) is an essential enzyme cofactor found in all kingdoms of life. Moco plays central roles in many vital biological processes, and must be biosynthesized de novo. During its biosynthesis, the characteristic pyranopterin ring of Moco is constructed by a complex rearrangement of guanosine 5'-triphosphate (GTP) into cyclic pyranopterin (cPMP) through the action of two enzymes, MoaA and MoaC. However, the mechanisms and the functions of the two enzymes are under significant debate. To elucidate their physiological roles, I took a multidisciplinary approach to functi

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23

Harper, Andrew David. "In vitro polyketide biocatalysis : triketide building-blocks and enzymology." 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/21485.

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Polyketide products are useful compounds to research and industry but can be difficult to access due to their richness in stereogenic centers. Type I polyketide synthases offer unique engineering opportunities to access natural stereocontrol and resultant complex compounds. The development of a controlled in vitro platform based around type I polyketide synthases is described. It has been used to produce a small library of polyketide fragments on an unprecedented and synthetically-relevant scale and explore polyketide synthase enzymology.<br>text

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24

"Expression and characterization of a human lysosomal enzyme α-iduronidase in tobacco BY-2 cells". 2006. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5896525.

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Fu Lai Hong.<br>Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2006.<br>Includes bibliographical references (leaves 106-110).<br>Abstracts in English and Chinese.<br>Thesis/Assessment Committee --- p.ii<br>Statement --- p.iii<br>Acknowledgements --- p.iv<br>Abstract --- p.v<br>摘要 --- p.vi<br>Lists of Figures --- p.x<br>Lists of Tables --- p.xiii<br>List of Abbreviations --- p.xiv<br>Amino acid abbreviation --- p.xvi<br>Chapter Chapter 1 --- General Introduction --- p.1<br>Chapter 1.1 --- Human α-L-iduronidase (hIDUA) --- p.2<br>Chapter 1.1.1 --- Lysosomal storage disease --- p.

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25

Walia, Guneet. "Mechanistic And Regulatory Aspects Of The Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Dephosphocoenzyme A Kinase." Thesis, 2010. http://etd.iisc.ernet.in/handle/2005/2239.

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The current, grim world-TB scenario, with TB being the single largest infectious disease killer, warrants a more effective approach to tackle the deadly pathogen, Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The deadly synergy of this pathogen with HIV and the emergence of drugresistant strains of the organism present a challenge for disease treatment (Russell et al., 2010). Thus, there is a pressing need for newer drugs with faster killing-kinetics which can claim both the actively-multiplying and latent forms of this pathogen causing the oldest known disease to man. This thesis entitled “Mechanistic and Regu

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26

Nasim, Md Talat, A. Ghouri, B. Patel, et al. "Stoichiometric imbalance in the receptor complex contributes to dysfunctional BMPR-II mediated signalling in pulmonary arterial hypertension." 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/6113.

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Heterozygous germline defects in a gene encoding a type II receptor for bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPR-II) underlie the majority of inherited cases of the vascular disorder known as pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). However, the precise molecular consequences of PAH causing mutations on the function of the receptor complex remain unclear. We employed novel enzymatic and fluorescence activity based techniques to assess the impact of PAH mutations on pre-mRNA splicing, nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) and receptor complex interactions. We demonstrate that nonsense and frameshift mutations t

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27

Singh, Suman K., Waqas A. Abbas, and Desmond J. Tobin. "Bone morphogenetic proteins differentially regulate pigmentation in human skin cells." 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/6194.

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Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are a large family of multi-functional secreted signalling molecules. Previously BMP2/4 were shown to inhibit skin pigmentation by downregulating tyrosinase expression and activity in epidermal melanocytes. However, a possible role for other BMP family members and their antagonists in melanogenesis has not yet been explored. In this study we show that BMP4 and BMP6, from two different BMP subclasses, and their antagonists noggin and sclerostin were variably expressed in melanocytes and keratinocytes in human skin. We further examined their involvement in mela

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