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1

Koshkarina, E. A., O. A. Strazhnova, M. A. Sharabakina, et al. "Epidemiological features of community-acquired mycoplasma pneumonia." Fundamental and Clinical Medicine 6, no. 3 (2021): 85–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.23946/2500-0764-2021-6-3-85-93.

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Aim. To analyse an epidemic process of community-acquired mycoplasma pneumonia in the Volga Federal District and the Nizhny Novgorod Region.Materials and Methods. We retrospectively analysed statistical reporting forms and electronic databases for 2012-2019 which included 443 cases of community-acquired mycoplasma pneumonia (349 foci and 4 outbreaks). In 2020, we assessed aetiology of community-acquired pneumonia in hospitalized patients of all ages who were diagnosed with a radiologically confirmed pneumonia (152 cases). In 2021, we carried out a microbiological study of pneumonia-causing pat
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2

Sergeeva, Evgeniya V., and Svetlana I. Petrova. "Community-acquired pneumonia in children. The modern features." Pediatrician (St. Petersburg) 7, no. 3 (2016): 5–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/ped735-10.

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Acute respiratory infections are one of the most frequent diseases among children and teenagers around the World. Pneumonia which caused by infectious agents is dangerous disease of the lower respiratory tract that can lead to the death. The continuing high level of morbidity and mortality causes the issue. The article describes the WHO criteria for the diagnosis of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and CAP severity indicators, also radiographic signs of CAP and modern epidemiological data. The etiological structure of CAP has age-specific peculiarities. Streptococcus pneumoniae (S. pneumonia
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3

Углева, Т. Н., and О. Н. Ушакова. "ETIOLOGY OF COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA IN CHILDREN BEFORE AND AFTER AN ERA OF CONJUGATE VACCINES." Vestnik SurGU. Meditsina 16, no. 3 (2023): 75–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.35266/2304-9448-2023-3-75-82.

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The study aims to analyze changes in the etiology of community-acquired pneumonia in children before and after use of conjugate vaccinations against Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae type b in order to develop diagnostic strategies and empirical methods of treatment. The scientific literature on demographic indicators and the trigger profile of community-acquired pneumonia in children before and after massive use of conjugate vaccines in many countries was searched for in PubMed, Web of Science, and RISC and reviewed. Routine Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenza
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4

Leung, Alexander K. C., Alex H. C. Wong, and Kam L. Hon. "Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Children." Recent Patents on Inflammation & Allergy Drug Discovery 12, no. 2 (2018): 136–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1872213x12666180621163821.

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5

Tkacheva, A. A. Tkacheva, A. S. Polyakova Polyakova, M. D. Bakradze Bakradze, V. K. Tatochenko Tatochenko, and D. S. Yasakov Yasakov. "Community-acquired pneumonia in children." Pharmateca 1_2021 (March 1, 2021): 68–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.18565/pharmateca.2021.1.68-74.

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6

Korppi, Matti. "Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Children." Pediatric Drugs 5, no. 12 (2003): 821–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00148581-200305120-00005.

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7

McIntosh, Kenneth. "Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Children." New England Journal of Medicine 346, no. 6 (2002): 429–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/nejmra011994.

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8

Davies, H. Dele. "Community-acquired pneumonia in children." Paediatrics & Child Health 8, no. 10 (2003): 616–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pch/8.10.616.

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9

Sinaniotis, Constantine A., and Athanassios C. Sinaniotis. "Community-acquired pneumonia in children." Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine 11, no. 3 (2005): 218–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.mcp.0000159831.82529.85.

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10

Cardinale, Fabio, Anna Rita Cappiello, Maria Felicia Mastrototaro, Mariacristina Pignatelli, and Susanna Esposito. "Community-acquired pneumonia in children." Early Human Development 89 (October 2013): S49—S52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2013.07.023.

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11

Rees, Chris A., Nathan Kuppermann, and Todd A. Florin. "Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Children." Pediatric Emergency Care 39, no. 12 (2023): 968–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/pec.0000000000003070.

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Abstract Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is the most common cause of childhood mortality globally. In the United States, CAP is a leading cause of pediatric hospitalization and antibiotic use and is associated with substantial morbidity. There has been a dramatic shift in microbiological etiologies for CAP in children over time as pneumococcal pneumonia has become less common and viral etiologies have become predominant. There is no commonly agreed on approach to the diagnosis of CAP in children. When indicated, antimicrobial treatment should consist of narrow-spectrum antibiotics. In this
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12

Ramamoorthy, Kannan, and Agora Shivan Shanmuga Sundaram. "Detection of Chlamydia pneumonia and Mycoplasma pneumonia in hospitalised children with community acquired pneumonia." International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics 5, no. 4 (2018): 1310. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20182076.

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Background: Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Chlamydia pneumoniae are atypical pathogens responsible for community acquired pneumonia (CAP) and are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in low income countries. The study objective was to determine the prevalence of C. pneumoniae and M. pneumonia in hospitalized children with CAP.Methods: This study was performed on ninety-four children admitted with radiologically confirmed diagnosis of pneumonia in Government Rajah Mirasudar Hospital, Thanjavur, during the period of July 2005 to April 2006. The diagnosis of infections with C. pneumonia and M. p
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13

Somova, A. V., V. V. Romanenko, and A. A. Golubkova. "Epidemiology of S. Pneumoniae-associated Pneumonias and the Analysis of Effectiveness of Vaccination against Pneumococcal Infection in Children under the Age of Six." Epidemiology and Vaccine Prevention 17, no. 1 (2018): 25–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.31631/2073-3046-2018-17-1-25-32.

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Pneumococcal infection is one of the main causes of acute respiratory diseases and exacerbation of chronic ones. In order to study the prevalence of community-acquired pneumonia, the etiologic role of S. pneumoniaе and effectiveness of vaccination among children under the age of 6 in the town of industrial cities, we conducted a non-interventional epidemiologic study of serotypes of circulating pneumococci and their compliance with the declared composition of vaccines recommended for prevention of pneumococcal infection in children. We also studied incidence rates of community-acquired pneumon
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14

Cannesson, Alexandre, and Narcisse Elenga. "Community-Acquired Pneumonia Requiring Hospitalization among French Guianese Children." International Journal of Pediatrics 2021 (December 22, 2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/4358818.

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Community-acquired pneumonia remains a leading cause of hospitalizations among children worldwide. The diagnosis is based on the history, the physical examination results in children with fever plus respiratory signs and symptoms, and chest radiography. The microbiological etiology is confirmed by viral testing and hemocultures. The most likely etiology depends on the age of the child. The features of childhood pneumonia vary between countries and territories. The purpose of this study was to describe the epidemiological characteristics and current microbial ecology of community-acquired pneum
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15

Guseva, O. E., O. A. Lebedko, E. B. Nagovitsyna, et al. "FEATURES OF THE OUTBREAK OF THE COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA CAUSED BY MYCOPLASMA PNEUMOINIAE AT CHILDREN IN KHABAROVSK REGION." Journal of microbiology epidemiology immunobiology, no. 1 (February 28, 2018): 39–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.36233/0372-9311-2018-1-39-45.

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Aim. To study the features of outbreak of community-acquired pneumonia caused by M. pneumoniae in children in the Khabarovsk region during the autumn-winter period 2016 - 2017. Materials and methods. A study was conducted of 30 clinical samples - smears from the posterior pharyngeal wall and sputum samples obtained from patients with community-acquired pneumonia due to M. pneumoniae. Samples were examined for the presence of mutations in the 23S rRNA gene of M. pneumoniae. Results. The age ofthe patients was from 2 to 16 years. In two cases, family foci of the incidence of community-acquired p
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16

Rakotomalala, Rivo Lova Herilanto, Harimino Mireille Rakotondravelo, Andrianina Harivelo Ranivoson, and Annick Lalaina Robinson. "Radiographic aspects of acute community-acquired bacterial pneumonia and pulmonary tuberculosis in children." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 9, no. 6 (2021): 1509. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20211931.

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Background: The etiological diagnosis of pneumonia is often difficult because of the impossibility of microbiological confirmation most of the time. Therefore, chest X-ray is still essential for a positive diagnosis and etiological orientation. The main objective of our study was to describe the radiographic aspects of acute community-acquired pneumonia and tubercular pneumonia in children.Methods: This was a descriptive retrospective study conducted at the university hospital mother and child of Tsaralalana from January 1st to July 31st, 2017.Results: Sixty-nine cases of pneumonia were includ
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17

Kremplevskaya, S. P., A. D. Muzyka, E. Yu Soldatova, et al. "Characteristics of and treatment for respiratory mycoplasmosis in children during the epidemic season 2020–2021." Voprosy praktičeskoj pediatrii 16, no. 3 (2021): 37–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.20953/1817-7646-2021-3-37-46.

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According to some authors, infection caused by M. pneumoniae is one of the most common in the current epidemic season of 2020–2021 worldwide. This fact is particularly important now because of the need for differential diagnosis between mild COVID-19 and respiratory infection caused by M. pneumoniae, as well as for timely administration of causal therapy. Materials and methods. In this study, we analyzed the frequency of pneumonia caused by M. pneumoniae detected among children admitted to the Pediatric Department for Infectious Diseases of Khimki Hospital over the last 5 years. Results. We ob
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18

Krishnan, Madhan Krishnan. "Clinical and bacteriological profile of community acquired pneumonia in hospitalized children." Bioinformation 19, no. 6 (2023): 781–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.6026/97320630019781.

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Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is the leading cause of mortality and morbidity with important clinical impact across the World. India accounts for 23 per cent of global pneumonia burden with case fatality rates between 14 and 30 per cent. Pneumonia is basically classified into typical and atypical pneumonia. Emerging evidence indicates that dual typical and atypical bacterial infections function synergistically in many cases and together likely enhance the severity of CAP. However, the optimal management of CAP in children is still not well defined and the diagnosis is challenging when bas
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19

Izmalkova, A. A., O. A. Zhdanova, and O. V. Gurovich. "Analysis of antibacterial therapy for community-acquired pneumonia in children." Farmacevticheskoe delo i tehnologija lekarstv (Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology), no. 3 (June 10, 2025): 18–20. https://doi.org/10.33920/med-13-2503-02.

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Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) remains relevant in the practice of a pediatrician due to the high level of morbidity and relatively frequent mortality cases [1]. The leading pathogen of infection in children is currently Streptococcus pneumonia, which is characterized by natural and acquired resistance. However, the introduction of pneumococcal vaccines into routine practice has significantly reduced the incidence of CAP in the population [2]. At the same time, the number of acute respiratory infections caused by atypical flora, such as Chlamydia pneumoniae, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, and Legi
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20

MALAKHOV, A. B., and N. G. KOLOSOVA. "AMOXYCILLIN FOR COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA IN CHILDREN." Medical Council, no. 9 (July 18, 2017): 52–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.21518/2079-701x-2017-9-52-55.

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The majority of respiratory diseases have viral etiology, and they do not require antibacterial therapy since it does not affect the course of the disease, does not reduce the incidence of bacterial complications. The causes of tonsillitis, epiglottitis, pneumonia are bacterial pathogens, such as Streptococcus pyogenes (group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus), Streptococcus pneumoniae,Haemophilus influenza, S. aureus and Moraxella catarrhalis. Home treatment of children remains a global challenge, as it may be the cause of an unfavorable outcome in young children, and, therefore, the issues of d
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21

Koshkarina, Е. A., O. V. Kovalishena, N. V. Saperkin, V. V. Krasnov, Р. G. Zubarov, and O. М. Chekanina. "Assessment of current laboratory diagnosis of pneumococcal community-acquired pneumonia." Fundamental and Clinical Medicine 5, no. 4 (2020): 21–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.23946/2500-0764-2020-5-4-21-29.

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Aim. To investigate the aetiology of community-acquired pneumonia in hospitalised children and to evaluate the accuracy of the methods for its laboratory confirmation. Materials and Methods. We performed descriptive and cross-sectional epidemiological studies. Results of the rapid immunochromatographic assay (ICT) were compared with those obtained by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results. DNA of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Mycoplasma pneumoniae was found in 65.5% and 13.8% of the patients. Microbial associations were observed in 13.7% of patients (Mycoplasma pneumoniae + Streptococcus pneu
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22

Andronikou, Savvas. "Imaging community-acquired pneumonia in children." Pediatric Radiology 47, no. 11 (2017): 1390–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00247-017-3861-6.

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23

Subramanya, NK. "Community-acquired pneumonia in children: Revisited." Journal of Pediatric Pulmonology 1, no. 3 (2022): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jopp.jopp_8_23.

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24

Sergey, Matvienko. "Criteria of diagnostics of intraccellular infection in children with community-acquired pneumonia." ScienceRise: Medical Science, no. 7(27) (November 30, 2018): 38–45. https://doi.org/10.15587/2519-4798.2018.149295.

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Community-acquired pneumonia is the largest group of pneumonia, which the doctor has to meet daily in outpatient practice and in the hospital. The interest in this problem is due to the fact that no final response has been received regarding the prevalence of intracellular pathogens with this disease, the role of herpes viruses, mixed associations, the entire spectrum of immuno-pathological changes caused by persistence of infection in the child’s body. Undetermined criteria for the diagnosis of pneumonia on the background of intracellular infection with herpes virus persistence, which a
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25

Mohammad, Abdul-Rahman Mamdouh, Rehab Mahmoud Abd El-Baky, and Eman Farouk Ahmed. "Mycoplasma pneumoniae: Atypical Pathogen in Community Acquired Pneumonia." Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology 14, no. 4 (2020): 2265–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.22207/jpam.14.4.04.

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Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a one of most common reasons of respiratory tract infections in both adolescents and children with severity ranged from moderate to high. Many facts in the previous years regarding infections were induced via this organism having extra pathogenic mechanisms. Clinically, resistance to macrolide has produced internationally and represents a treatment trouble. Antimicrobial sensitivity checking out techniques have been applied, and novel antibiotics which are effective towards M. pneumoniae are present processing development. That evaluate concentrates on the several tren
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26

Schafer, Stephanie, Valentina Chakr, and Gabriela Petitot. "Uncomplicated community-acquired pneumonia in immunocompetent children." Residência Pediátrica 9, no. 3 (2019): 265–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.25060/residpediatr-2019.v9n3-12.

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27

Aliyeva, Zh. "Retrospective Analysis of Community-acquired Pneumonia in Young Children from Large Families." Bulletin of Science and Practice 7, no. 4 (2021): 149–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/65/18.

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The study of the clinical course of community-acquired pneumonia in young children from large families was conducted. The study was retrospective. Children suffered from community-acquired pneumonia of moderate and severe severity. Revealed that community-acquired pneumonia often suffers from young children, mostly boys.
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28

Aliyeva, Zh. "Retrospective Analysis of Community-acquired Pneumonia in Young Children from Large Families." Bulletin of Science and Practice 6, no. 4 (2021): 149–53. https://doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/65/18.

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The study of the clinical course of community-acquired pneumonia in young children from large families was conducted. The study was retrospective. Children suffered from community-acquired pneumonia of moderate and severe severity. Revealed that community-acquired pneumonia often suffers from young children, mostly boys.
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29

Chaudhry, R., N. Nazima, Benu Dhawan, and S. K. Kabra. "Prevalence ofMycoplasma pneumoniae andChlamydia pneumoniae in children with community acquired pneumonia." Indian Journal of Pediatrics 65, no. 5 (1998): 717–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02731050.

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30

Karimdzhanov, I. A., M. Sh Madaminova, G. Kh Iskanova, A. S. Gazieva, and M. Q. Togaev. "Diagnosis and treatment of community-acquired pneumonia in children." CHILD`S HEALTH 19, no. 5 (2024): 312–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.22141/2224-0551.19.5.2024.1727.

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Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is one of the most common diseases in children. In recent years, the use of conjugate vaccines has significantly reduced the burden of the main pathogens, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae type B. To date, viruses are the most frequently detected causative agents of CAP in children. New knowledge about the etiology and treatment of CAP in children gained in recent years has influenced the management, and this was the purpose of this work. In addition to reducing diagnostic uncertainty, there is a need to reduce antibiotic overuse and antimic
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31

Singh, Manoj Kumar, Sheo Pratap Singh, Rajesh Kumar, et al. "Clinico- bacteriological profile of Community Acquired Pneumonia (CAP) in children aged 3-59 months: A cross sectional study." Asian Journal of Medical Sciences 12, no. 5 (2021): 53–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v12i5.34173.

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Background: Worldwide community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is the major cause of high mortality among under five children in India. After introduction of Pneumococcal and H. influenzae vaccination there is paucity of data regarding etiological profile of pneumonia.
 Aims and Objective: To evaluate the Clinico- epidemiological profile and etiology of community acquired pneumonia in children.
 Materials and Methods: We enrolled children aged 3-59 months with CAP (based on WHO criteria of tachypnea with cough or breathing difficulty) over 18 months and recorded presenting symptoms, clinic
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32

Marushko, Yurii, Tetiana Hyshchak, and Olha Khomych. "The Efficacy and Safety of Using a Combined Iron Supplement in Children with Community-acquired Pneumonia and Anemia." Family Medicine, no. 5-6 (March 15, 2021): 31–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.30841/2307-5112.5-6.2020.225188.

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The article summarizes the own data and presents a scientific review of the medical literature devoted to the analysis of the problem of treatment of community-acquired pneumonia associated with anemia in children.
 The objective: to optimize the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia associated with anemia in children.
 Materials and methods. There were examined 100 children (53 girls and 47 boys) aged 9–17 years (the average age was 12.96 ± 0.07 years), who were treated for community-acquired pneumonia in the children’s clinical hospital No. 5 in Kiev. Children were divided into
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33

Stogova, S. D., Ya S. Andrienko, and T. E. Makarova. "Community-acquired pneumonia in childre." Public health of the Far East Peer-reviewed scientific and practical journal 93, no. 3 (2022): 36–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.33454/1728-1261-2022-3-36-39.

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The article shows a quantitative and structural analysis of community-acquired pneumonia in inpatients of the Children's City Clinical Hospital named after. V. M. Istomin for 2021. The intra-annual dynamics of morbidity was determined, the distribution of the disease among different age groups of patients was shown, the leading symptoms, morphological forms, and the localization of the pathological process were established. The average terms of the course of the disease associated with certain periods of the year are given. The territory with the largest number of children who fell ill with co
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34

Vishnyakova, L. A., M. A. Nikitina, S. I. Petrova, A. V. Papayan, S. P. Vydumkina та T. V. Smolianinova. "A role of Streptococcus pneumoniae, Мycoplasma рneumoniae and Сhlamydia pneumoniae in community-acquired pneumonia in children". PULMONOLOGIYA, № 3 (28 червня 2005): 43–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.18093/0869-0189-2005-0-3-43-47.

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This work investigated etiology of communityacquired pneumonia in children at SanktPetersburg from 1998 to 2001 using microbiological and immunological methods. S.pneumoniae was found to be a cause of pneumonia in 74.5 % of the patients and it was the leading pathogen out of proportion with the children's age. C. pneumoniae was detected in 67.3 % of the patients, prevalently in children 1 to 7 years old. The acute Мycoplasma рneumoniae respiratory infection was diagnosed in 40.4 % of the children. Non typing strains of H. influenzae were yielded in 10.2 % of the patients. Most patients had mic
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35

Kamruzzaman, Md, Mirza Md Ziaul Islam, and Probir Kumar Sarkar. "Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Children-An Update." Bangladesh Journal of Child Health 42, no. 1 (2018): 38–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjch.v42i1.37049.

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Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a potentially serious infection in children and often results in hospitalization.CAP symptoms are nonspecific in younger infants, but cough and tachypnea are usually present in older children. The diagnosis can be based on the history and physical examination results in children with fever plus respiratory signs and symptoms. Chest radiography and rapid viral testing may be helpful when the diagnosis is unclear. The most likely etiology depends on the age of the child. Viral and Streptococcus pneumonia infections are most common in preschoolaged children,
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36

Chetty, Krishne, and Anne H. Thomson. "Management of Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Children." Pediatric Drugs 9, no. 6 (2007): 401–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00148581-200709060-00007.

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37

Samal, T. N., and S. E. Ukraintsev. "COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA IN CHILDREN: CORRECTING MISTAKES." Pediatria. Journal named after G.N. Speransky 101, no. 2 (2022): 96–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.24110/0031-403x-2022-101-2-96-103.

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The article describes typical and most common errors that cause underdiagnosis and overdiagnosis of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in children. The diagnostic criteria for confirming/eliminating the diagnosis are reviewed. Attention is drawn to the difficulties in interpreting of X-ray changes, establishing the etiology of CAP. Particular attention is paid to the principles of antibacterial therapy and the analysis of the main mistakes in the treatment of CAP in children.
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38

Yamazaki, T. "Epidemiology of Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Children." PEDIATRICS 115, no. 2 (2005): 517. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.2004-2055.

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39

Thomson, Anne H. "Treatment of Community-acquired Pneumonia in Children." Clinical Pulmonary Medicine 15, no. 5 (2008): 283–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/cpm.0b013e31818565b9.

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40

Ho, Esther Dan-Phuong. "Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Adults and Children." Primary Care: Clinics in Office Practice 40, no. 3 (2013): 655–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pop.2013.05.004.

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41

SKOLNIK, NEIL, and PHUONG TIEN. "Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Infants and Children." Family Practice News 41, no. 19 (2011): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0300-7073(11)70974-4.

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42

Hsieh, Yu-Chia. "Community-acquired Pneumonia Among Children in Taiwan." Pediatrics & Neonatology 54, no. 1 (2013): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pedneo.2012.12.018.

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43

Thomson, A., and M. Harris. "Community-acquired pneumonia in children: what's new?" Thorax 66, no. 10 (2011): 927–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/thoraxjnl-2011-200671.

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44

Parfenova, I. V., and N. A. Maksimovich. "THE STATE OF THE PROOXIDANT-ANTIOXIDANT BLOOD SYSTEM IN CHILDREN WITH COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA." Journal of the Grodno State Medical University 21, no. 1 (2023): 85–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.25298/2221-8785-2023-21-1-85-88.

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Aim. To study the state of the prooxidant-antioxidant blood system in children with community-acquired pneumonia. Material and methods. A study of the prooxidant-antioxidant system of the blood in 100 children aged 10 to 17 years with community-acquired pneumonia was carried out. Results. It was found that community-acquired pneumonia in children is accompanied by a decrease in antioxidant protection and a significant increase in lipoperoxidation processes, depending on the type of pneumonia. Conclusions. The development of oxidative stress, accompanied by an increase in pro-oxidants in the bl
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45

Fahey, Ellen. "Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Primary Care." Clinical Scholars Review 4, no. 2 (2011): 91–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/1939-2095.4.2.91.

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Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a common serious illness in childhood. It occurs in previously healthy children who acquired the infection outside of the hospital. The etiology and treatment for CAP in children and adults differ greatly. In diagnosing CAP in pediatrics, the practitioner must know the most likely age-specific causes of pneumonia. Understanding the likely etiology will assist in the treatment and management of this illness. Diagnosis is often based on the patient’s history, physical exam, age, immune status, and judicious use of chest radiographs and laboratory tests. This
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Mizernitsky, Yu L., Kh M. Vakhitov, G. F. Sitdikova, T. R. Safiullin, A. R. Nurmieva, and E. V. Loskutova. "Clinical and etiological characteristics and cytokine profile in school-age children with community-acquired pneumonia." Rossiyskiy Vestnik Perinatologii i Pediatrii (Russian Bulletin of Perinatology and Pediatrics) 69, no. 5 (2024): 58–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.21508/1027-4065-2024-69-5-58-64.

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The urgent task of modern pediatrics is the study of the etiology and pathophysiology of community-acquired pneumonia in school-aged children due to difficulties in diagnosis and treatment, as well as the high risk of life-threatening complications and death.Purpose. To investigate the activity of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory responses as measured by cytokine levels in the peripheral blood of children with community-acquired pneumococcal and non-pneumococcal pneumonia.Material and methods. The etiology of community-acquired pneumonia was confirmed by comparing the results of rapid te
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Bayanova, T. A., E. S. Stukova, and N. A. Kravchenko. "Effect of vaccination on morbidity and mortality from community-acquired pneumonia." Acta Biomedica Scientifica 9, no. 1 (2024): 241–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.29413/abs.2024-9.1.24.

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Background. Community-acquired pneumonia remains one of the most common and life-threatening forms of pathology among respiratory diseases.The aim of the study. To identify the features of the epidemiology of communityacquired pneumonia in the conditions of mass immunization against pneumococcal infection in the Irkutsk region.Materials and methods. We conducted a descriptive epidemiological retrospective study. We studied the incidence of community-acquired pneumonia (including community-acquired pneumonia of bacterial and viral etiology) and mortality from this disease in the Irkutsk region
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Berezhnova, Tatiana A., Timofey V. Chubarov, Elena A. Luneva, Anastasia V. Nesterova, and Ksenia S. Yan. "Community-acquired pneumonia. Current treatment regimens in pediatric practice." Journal of Volgograd State Medical University 20, no. 3 (2023): 132–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.19163/1994-9480-2023-20-3-132-137.

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At the moment, an increase in the incidence of community-acquired pneumonia is quite an urgent problem. Its solution is based on the use of adequate antibacterial therapy, which will help significantly reduce the spread of the disease among children included in the risk group.
 Goal: Conducting a comprehensive assessment of etiological therapy tactics for community-acquired bacterial pneumonia in children and determining their compliance with modern clinical recommendations.
 Materials and methods: The study was conducted on the basis of the Voronezh Childrens Clinical Hospital of th
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Kumar, Surinder, Arti Maria, Sanjeev R. Saigal, and Megha Maheshwari. "Mycoplasma pneumoniae as a cause of non-resolving pneumonia in a neonate." Journal of Medical Microbiology 59, no. 6 (2010): 731–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/jmm.0.017491-0.

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Mycoplasma pneumoniae is known to be the chief causative organism for community-acquired non-lobar pneumonia in children of 5–15 years of age. M. pneumoniae as an aetiological agent for pneumonia among neonates and infants has rarely been reported. We report here a case of persistent pneumonia due to M. pneumoniae in a 3-week-old neonate.
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Hortal, Maria, Adela Suarez, Cristina Deleon, et al. "Etiology and severity of community acquired pneumonia in children from Uruguay: a 4-year study." Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo 36, no. 3 (1994): 255–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0036-46651994000300010.

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The 4-year study (1987-1990) covered the major clinical-epidemiological characteristics of pneumonia in children as diagnosed at the emergency service of the Children's Hospital, as well as etiologies, and factors involved in the most severe cases. Etiology was determined in 47.7% of the 541 pneumonia cases, involving 283 pathogens of which 38.6% were viruses and 12.6% bacteria. Viral and mixed etiologies were more frequent in children under 12 months of age. Bacteria predominated in ages between 6 and 23 months. Among the viruses, respiratory syncytial virus predominated (66%). The bacterial
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