Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Éducation de base – Mali'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Éducation de base – Mali.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
Diarra, Abdramane. "Le Curriculum Bilingue dans l'enseignement fondamental au Mali : Etat des lieux de sa mise en œuvre." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020GRALL019.
Full textThis thesis analyses a bilingual model of education in Mali designated ) by the administration of National Education as « Curriculum Bilingue » (Bilingual Curriculum. This model, in which national languages are central, is part of a series of reforms destined to imporve the efficacy of the education system. It involves offering learners the possibility of using their first language in order to build knowledge and competency in French (which progressively becomes the sole language of instruction) and in other non linguistic disciplines. In Mali, our field for the research undertaken, several phases of bilingual teaching have been experimented since 1960 with the advent of Independence, opening the way for « l’Expérimentation de Première Génération » (First Generation Experimentation), and then « la Pédagogie Convergente » (Convergent Pedagogy).At present, the « Curriculum Bilingue » has been generalised in schools in Mali since 2005, after the initial experimentations. Ethnographical research methods in situ including interviews with the actors involved (teachers and adminstrative personnel) as well as observation of classes at the primary level, have been employed to examine the extent to which this bilingual model is implemented in schools. A methodical analysis highlights the complexity of the institutional and didactic factors at play. Whilst the results reveal considerable institutional obstacles, they do shed light on the way in which teachers adhere to and approve of the bilingual mode of teaching. The language of the region studied, bamanankan, is pivotal in their motivated pedagogical practices despite inadequate teacher training. This research highlights the social issues at stake with bilingual education and opens new highly pertinent didactic perspectives for the Sahel region worth pursuing in the future
Diarra, Djibril. "Recherche de déterminants aux scolarisations différentielles filles - garçons au Mali." Dijon, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005DIJOL001.
Full textThe Dissertation addresses the issue of schooling of girls in Mali and aims at proposing a few explanations for the difficulties of raising participation levels. It is structured in four parts presenting the relations between the individual and social factors and demonstrating how the economic, social and cultural circumstances of the country shape the representation students and their families hold on education of the girls. This is done through the analysis of the interrelations of social (especially gender) and individual dimensions (habitus) with the school structure and organisation in Mali. Results produced are essentially qualitative and constitute a basis for further quantitative developments
Doumbia, Habibatou. "Le décrochage scolaire et le destin des filles au Mali de 1995 à 2005." Paris 8, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA083405.
Full textThis research attempts to decipher and to understand the genesis of the feminine dropping out of school process such as it can be found in the interaction between a daughter and her family. Family will be considered through its educationnal practices from their conceptions and the social values it convey to the symbolic aims that it propose or impose by itself. This essay stands countercurrent to the conception that analyses the dropping out of school phenomenon only from the pupil or school institution point of view and from its educational policies and practices. We do indeed postulate that the Malian girls leave school early because they arrive to it, psychologically fragilised and because they don’t trust themselves. Their massive dropping out could be explained through a range of attitudes and projections in link with gender relations. As to further understand this phenomenon, we have run an investigation by pupils and theirs parents combining the quantity and quality methods. So at the end of our inquiry we do realize how the family educational practices keep or not at distance from school the pupils according to their gender status. The difference between family logic and school logic determines heavily the school assiduity of the pupils in general and of the girls in particular. I agree with Pierrette Bouchard and Jean-Claude St-Amant ‘s point of view on saying “that sexist stereotypes as well as its subsequent practices are limitating and redactor; it may contradict the behaviors and attitudes that encourage school achievement. ”
Sy, Adama. "Éducation et développement : la formation et l'entrepreneurship au Mali." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/29154.
Full textMaiga, Bonaventure. "L'éducation du jeune enfant d'âge prescolaire au Mali." Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992STR20029.
Full textIf the education of the preschool aged young children seems to be a necessity everywhere in mali, it's on the contrary in practice on it's decline. The moderne educative institutions day nursery, nursery school, etc. . . ) are unadequate and unable to assume the education of all the children. As for the large uninstitutionnal sector, in which almost all of the children of the country move, it responds less and less to all the real needs. A new approach asserts itself
Touré, Harouna. "L'école primaire au Mali : fonctionnement et qualité de l'éducation." Dijon, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999DIJOL018.
Full textKoné, Assetou. "Éducation et formation féminines au Mali : de l'exclusion scolaire à l'intégration sociale." Bordeaux 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987BOR21002.
Full textGasse, Stéphanie. "L'éducation non formelle, quel avenir ? : regard sur le Mali." Rouen, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008ROUEL611.
Full textQuestioning the development of non formal education within the challenge of schooling for all along with the struggle against illiteracy, led us to focus our research on the characteristics of educational opportunities in Mali. By opting for a democratic school within a decentralized context, this country made a very clear choice, regarding the importance and role of communities in achieving a profound change and rebuilding its educational system, in an environment where the amount of basic educational communities exceeds the number of public structures. Non formal education, an autonomous institutional alternative, is addressed through a survey using two types of actors : education experts as technical and financial partners as well as educational NGOs as operational participants of decentralised cooperation in Mali. The results demonstrate the need to build a dynamic partnership taking into account both participants. Yet non formal education, a complementary and inseparable actor of educational systems, is struggling to prevail since it fails to be considered an equal partner to formal education. Although its lack of status marginalizes it, its innovative nature confers it greater flexibility so as to meet the needs of those whom the right to education does not reach. The gradual combination “formal/non formal education” appears therefore at the heart of a contemporary reflection which enriches the reflection on the school
Touré, Sanidié Alcaïdi. "Vers l'école de la collectivité pour des stratégies d'intégration sociale et d'emploi des jeunes au Mali." Rennes 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992REN20010.
Full textYouth in Mali suffer a 70% rate analphabetisme rate. This constatation implies that tentatives solutions towards socio-professional integration of youth require study strategies. Since 1983, the various attemps to solv youth unemployment, conflicting theories were proposed. Several proposals deal with the problem in terms of development. Besides national development, in mali since 1960, strategies based on agriculture and cattle breeding, development projects were worked out through a variety of non gouvernment organizations. Thirty years later the general situation in mali does not markedly reflect the impact of the various development projects. This is though to be the indication of a gap in coordination between the development actions of the non gouvernmental organjizations. During the same period the national policies did not allow to eliminate inequality in the access of youngs to education and further on to employment. This situation brough us to propose l'ecole de la collectivite model. This kind of school intends to set the basis for a comprehensive theory od development arising from a starting point, taking into account at a large extent all the components of social life, development and employment. This school is only link of an educational system, the spirit of which would be identical from the village to the town and from the bortom to the top. .
Diallo, Ali Moussa. "Contribution de l'éducation à la croissance économique : une analyse de l'allocation des ressources publiques dans le système éducatif du Mali." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2007. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2007/DIALLO_Ali_Moussa_2007.pdf.
Full textDicko, Aïssata. "Scolarisation des filles et planification des naissances au Mali : quelles interactions possibles, quels impacts?" Toulouse 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TOU20086.
Full textIn Mali, young girls are less sent to school than boys. This insufficiency of girls sent to school is linked to factors of social-cultural, religious, economic and institutional nature,what make us say that is a matter of handicap. Among the things that put a brake on girls' schooling, we have precocious pregnancies in the course of schooling that also make the mother and the child run sanitary risks. Also, the instruction of family planning was introduced to try to arrest this scourge. In this field the role of education is central as demonstrated the cases of young girls studied in this thesis, ( the results of the questionnaires, of the qualitative inquiry and the stories of life) as well as the work of distinguished researchers named all along this thesis. Schooling can encourage a young girl to practise family planning and that can contribute to keep her longer at school
Traoré, Idrissa Soïba. "Education et décentralisation au Mali : enjeux et réalités des dynamiques d'appropriation locales (Cas des communes de Dombila, Markala, Kati et Commune V du district de Bamako." Paris 8, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA083207.
Full textThe decentralization of the school system in Mali is a new public management of educational policy. The purpose is to fit better the school to the local realities and to the local government agencies while supporting the system effectiveness, the democratization and the mobilization of the actors. The present study is interested in the stakes of the appropriation of this new policy by the local actors (teachers and administrators, parents of pupils, local government agencies, Teaching Center of Animation CAPE) in four communes (Dombila, Markala, Kati, Commune V of the district of Bamako), located in rural or urban environment. Our investigations show that there are some difficulties of appropriation which are explained by the precariousness of the means, the quality of human resources. Only the actors who are convinced to be able to benefit direct from this policy defend it. The actors who are likely to be weakened or to be more solicited resist. The decentralization of education had contradictory effects in urban environment that in rural one. On one hand, the Community schools which multiplied in rural environment under the effect of the fandenya entail high expenses for parents, who ask for a municipalization of their schools. On the other hand, these same types of schools in urban environment benefit from the assistances granted by the State but evolve/move like private institutions. Lastly, the mobilization of the actors in particular of the parents of pupils is not carried out. We could observe different conflicts, specially about the implementation and the role of the CGS, which are new bodies of management of the schools. The APE which assumed this role a long time withdraw, or try to be maintained or to recover the news gives in their favour. So we could analyze different forms of conquest of the school leadership which are based on three logics : Community, democratic and sociocultural of acculturation. Each one is influenced either by tradition and ancient people' power, or by formal and abstract networks or influential personalities. The transformation of educational establishment becomes a stake of power, an arena subjected to many conflicts (power, legitimacy, values, competences, economic)
Roy, Émilie. "Les Médersas du Mali : l'influence arabe sur l'enseignement islamique moderne." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/18783.
Full textCoumare, Mamoudou. "La formation à distance (FAD) et les technologies de l'information et de la communication pour l'éducation (TICE) au service de la professionnalisation des enseignants au Mali : une approche évaluative de dispositifs expérimentaux." Rouen, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010ROUEL023.
Full textThe training of teachers, particularly those of the first cycle of basic education is at the epicenter of educational issues that arise in Mali. Indeed, measures of macroeconomic adjustment in the 1980s led the country at that time to the closure of schools and teacher training to early retirement of most experienced teachers. A decade later, the international community took a stand Jomtien Education for All (EFA). The pursuit of this objective has required the implementation of alternative strategies including the opening of education to private and community and the use of contract teachers, under the Ten-Year Programme of Development of Education (PRODEC). Contract teachers are theoretically unemployed graduates of various training profiles. But there is also meeting with school leavers without qualifications. They receive training from 30 to 45 days before being poured into education. If they have the advantage of being less expensive than professional teachers, they are also less well trained. The proliferation of types of schools (public, private, community, basic schools, village schools, etc. . . ) Induced a policy of opening up education to private and community combined with the massive teaching staff with qualifications and skills is variable, and most often very low, has undoubtedly helped accelerate the pace of enrollment in Mali. However, these measures have led to a de-professionalization of teachers and the segmentation status of teachers, with the resulting low requirement with respect to the quality of teaching-learning situations. To address this problem, the Ministry of Education has developed and adopted in 2003 a policy of initial and continuing training of teachers. This policy develops distance learning and ICT integration in education as alternatives to the professionalization of teachers in a relatively short time and at lower cost. Thus, through various partnerships, experiments have been initiated at the institutional level: the program of training teachers through Interactive Radio (FIER) with support from USAID in 2004 and the project in 2006 from Cyber_Edu a partnership agreement between UNCTAD, the Canton of Geneva and the Ministry of Communication and New Technologies (MCNT) acting on behalf of the Government of Mali. The FIER program has positioned relative to the use of radio in the training of primary teachers and their coaching staff and the integration of ICT in the faculty development offering training to teachers in MFI to offer them opportunities for self-training through the use of ICT, as the project Cyber_Edu who has also chosen to promote ICT and digital pedagogy in the training of teachers and trainers. These projects have undoubtedly saved the results in the pursuit of these goals, but if it remains questionable particularly as regards ICT integration and digital teaching and learning in the professional practices of teachers. Indeed, the analysis shows that these experiments have not been without difficulties, difficulties that have marred the results to be achieved. Among the many difficulties that have hampered the operationalization of one or other of these projects, the study pointed to the quality of the equipment, motivation of players and their effective involvement of beneficiaries, due to a poorly defined political vision and level of preparation that has not taken sufficient account of the socio-economic field from the point of view of the technical architecture and educational devices. Hence the gap between rhetoric and political stances in favor of the country’s integration into the information society and knowledge economy in which the school should be the crucible and the integration of this vision into policies and development plans in general and particularly in the development of sector education and training. Without the definition of a political vision sufficiently clear and coherent, the golden age of the Distance Education (ADF) and the Information Technology and Communication for Education (ICTE) in Mali is not for tomorrow. The first and main contribution of this research, the second being really not, especially since it is a commonplace on the importation of all initiatives and development activities, without however, that they are likely to spur a real momentum of development. The main reason, as it appears in the analysis of the devices mentioned here, is that scientific rigor befitting the establishment and implementation of such innovation is not the most often observed in its principles and its conditionalities. This raises the need to rethink the North-South scientific cooperation in the direction of a true intellectual and financial involvement of countries likely to spread, and to the goals of development and empowerment
Coulibaly, Abdourahmane. "Anthropologie d'une pratique de santé publique : le cas de la planification familiale au Mali." Paris, EHESS, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EHES0350.
Full textThis thesis is an anthropological study of family planning in Bamako, Mali. It aims at understanding the behaviours of social actors facing family programs propositions. One of important aspects of our demonstration is the fact that the programs norms are not the only normative referents for the individuals. Among other normative universes which influence their behaviours, some value the reproduction (customs, religion) and the others the infertile sexuality and the research for the sexual pleasure (Globalized sexual models). By analyzing actors' practices, we made the report that, on one side the social actors conjugate all these normative sets in their sexual and reproductive behaviours and that, by other side, they divert the norms of the programs
Razy, Elodie. "Devenir Soninké : une ethnologie de la petite enfance au Mali." Paris, EHESS, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002EHES0111.
Full textSow, Ibrahima. "Analyse des facteurs de la non fréquentation des centres d'alphabétisation par les femmes malinké en milieu rural du Mali [sic] : étude du cas de Golobilaji." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/29070.
Full textSoumaré, Mamy. "Dynamique et durabilité des systèmes agraires à base de coton au Mali." Paris 10, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA100120.
Full textThe cotton development bas highly change agrarian systems in southern Mali. The fallow suppression and the adoption of permanent culture improved the grounds potential production through the fertility transfer from the saltus to the ager via the extensive bovine livestock. The farming systems diversification made avoid the spiral of the pesticides which led many cotton systems to their decline in the world. The farming systems based on cotton are the principal source of income for farmers. The rural community integration at market allows developing of new individuals strategies. The birth of a powerful farmer's movement to defend the interests of the producers strongly influenced the pricing policy. Currently the Malian cotton sector crosses difficulties which reduce cultivated areas and the production consequently. However, contrary to cotton agricultures in South America or in Asia where the crisis of the sector was related to problems relevant of production at field level, in Mali causes of the current problems depending on the social organization around the sector: provisioning of input, coûts of the inputs, lateness of payment of the money to the producers and joint guarantee system
Ag, Muphtah Elmehdi. "L' alphabétisation en milieu urbain au Mali : offre de formation et besoins des populations." Lille 1, 2003. https://ori-nuxeo.univ-lille1.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/2e71b22b-cdbc-45ba-9b13-1fedad21cceb.
Full textTraoré, Moussa Khoré. "La gouvernance locale dans le secteur de l'Education au Mali." Thesis, Toulon, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOUL2004/document.
Full textThis thesis tackles the question of the local governance on the sector of the education in Mali. She propose an economic analysis of the mechanisms by which the public authorities imply the local actors (territorial collectivities, communities, services decentralized and decentralized by the state, the NGO) in the management and the offer of public services (education), while making a contribution of the problems of the local governance of the education. It is structured in three chapters, whit as frame of analysis the economy of the education, the economy of the development and the institutional economy.The first chapter gives to an overview of the Malian education system through some key indicators (rough rate of schooling, rate net schooling…) and its major characteristics of which inequalities of access. It also measure the weight of the sector of the education in the Malian economy in terms of educational public spending and analyzes quantitatively and qualitatively the educational offer before identifying the factors which influence the request for education of the families.The second chapter clarifies concept of the local governance and its evolution in particular in the sector education. It analyzes the management of the Malian education system between reform and transfer of competence and of responsibilities with the local actors, the mechanisms of coordination’s and cooperation’s. It deciphers the logics of approval of the governance of the education at the local level thanks to a study of ground led in the region of Kayes, Koulikoro, Segou, Sikasso and the district of Bamako near the local actors. The third chapter analyzes the stakes and the challenge of the governance local as strategy of educational development. He makes contribution to the problems of the governance of education by the local actors. It analyzes the contribution of those to the improvement of the educational offer and the schooling of the children during the period 2004-2011. Then, through an econometric application of the given of panel, it estimates the effects of the improvement of the school offer on the evolution of children. Lastly, this chapter evaluates the development of education at the local level through the index of educational development (IDE). In the term of our reflection, we consider that the local governance is an asset to improve certain educational indicators, in particular the rate of access, the rate of schooling, the school rate of retention, the school cover of country etc. for as much, it only the local governance could not satisfy or take up all the educational challenges, as well in their quantitative dimension as in their qualitative dimension
Mbodj-Pouye, Aïssatou. "Des cahiers au village : socialisations à l'écrit et pratiques d'écriture dans la région cotonnière du sud du Mali." Lyon 2, 2007. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2007/mbodj_a.
Full textThis research is an ethnographic approach of writing practices in the cotton-growing region of Southern Mali. The setting is multilingual; different ways of acquiring literacy are available: adult literacy classes, schooling (bilingual or not), Islamic learning. These practices involve three languages: French, the official language, still dominant as a written language; Bambara, which has been developed for adult literacy classes and bilingual schools ; and Arabic, mainly used for religious purposes. Becoming literate involves studying in one or more of these educational settings, and often other experiences, especially when migrating for work in urban places. Those different experiences of writing are analysed as different "literate socializations". These paths to literacy are considered more specifically for one village. The study of written pieces can give a deeper view of the practices villagers engage in. This study relies on the analysis of a corpus of written documents, especially notebooks. They deal with various topics and display a number of types of text (recipes, accounts, chronicles, etc. ), and they are often multilingual. One result of the research is that Bambara is actually used as a written language, but writers who are also proficient in French tend to preserve the higher status of the official language. Our analysis support the hypothesis that keeping a personal notebook is a way of objectifying the existence of a domain "of one's own" (private but not intimate). The uses of literacy are essential to understand how is currently redefined, in this area, the line between public and private
Yahaya, Mahamane. "L'impact de l'aide publique au développement sur les politiques publiques des pays de l'Afrique de l'Ouest : le cas du Niger et du Mali : réflexion sur l'analyse des politiques des bailleurs de fonds dans les domaines de la santé et de l'éducation." Lyon 3, 2010. https://scd-resnum.univ-lyon3.fr/out/theses/2010_out_yahaya_m.pdf.
Full textThe post world war’s II reconstruction plan for Europe known as Marshall’s Plan, was the inspiration in establishing public aid for development which, in turn, was set up to assist developing countries. Niger and Mali are part of the poorest group in South Saharan countries benefiting from this system. As a result of this aid program, these countries had hoped to overcome their extreme poverty but, after half a century of assistance, and co-incidentally, fifty years of political independence, these countries have fallen deeper into a state of extreme poverty. Different initiatives beginning with the structural adjustment program which was to aid in the liberal forms of government and an opening of markets, have been a dismal failure. At the same time, paradoxically, these countries have shown a statistical pattern of continuing steady growth although, in reality, poverty has become more ingrained and widespread instead of decreasing. Those governing these nations (trading capital) use this data in order to justify the maintenance of their political and economic system. Why then are the levels of growth and developments at odds in the case of the PAD (public aid for development)? As a reaction to this failure, the donor nations initiated a strategy of poverty reduction with the direct intention at attaining the millenni objectives for development. The place of education and health are at the heart of eight main points. In the political sections of both areas we are interested in, the quantitative has been privileged to the detriment of the qualitative. The thesis aims at seeing in what these strategies differentiate from these in the SAP (structural adjustment program), and indeed what will the results be in the short or medium term. On the one hand, the political system of the PAD (aid for development), its usefulness for security, strategic and geopolitical reasons, cast a doubt on its neutrality and its professed desire to assist these countries to overcome their poverty. On the other hand, responsible aid giving, coupled with responsible political leaders, who are not part of the take or leave it system, can contribute to developing the social and economic future of these countries
Kouadio, Aboli. "Étude critique des études évaluatives portant sur des expériences d'éducation non-formelle au Burkina Faso, en Côte d'Ivoire et au Mali." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/29298.
Full textTrouvé, Alain. "La notion de savoir élémentaire et l'école : examen des doctrines et de leurs enjeux." Rouen, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006ROUEL527.
Full textTeaching elementary knowledge is tradtionally the basic function of "elementary education". Yet, throughout its history, the school institutions have constantly wavered between two opposite conceptions of "elementary knowledge". On the one hand, "elementariness" is (quite often) meant as the basic skills (literacy and numeracy); on the other hand, it refers to the principles and first notions of erudition. But this duality is rooted in three ways: philosophically, pedagogically and historically. Indeed, if "elementariness" was one of the fundamental characteristics of epistemology from the Antiquity until early XXth century,at the same time, it represents a pedagogic requirement just as traditional. That is why it appears that the notion of "elementary knowledge" deserves to be considered in a new light, particularly if we take into account the contribution of epistemology and contemporary pedagogic reflexion
Barro, Aboubacar Abdoulaye. "Politiques publiques, école et gestion du personnel enseignant dans l'éducation de base au Sénégal." Bordeaux 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008BOR21539.
Full textLes Politiques d’ajustements structurels (PAS) des années 1970 et 1980 ont considérablement remis en cause le rôle de l’Etat dans la définition et la mise en œuvre des politiques publiques en Afrique post-indépendante. Ces réformes économiques ont eu pour objectif d’alléger le poids des dépenses publiques dans les secteurs clés comme l’éducation. Si ces politiques ont été considérées par beaucoup d’acteurs comme une remise en cause de la souveraineté des États du Tiers-monde, le contexte des années 1990 (explosion démographique, besoin de scolarisation universelle dans le secteur primaire) inaugure aussi une nouvelle ère dans le secteur primaire. Dans le cas du Sénégal, le rôle de l’Etat devient de plus en plus important avec le recrutement massif des volontaires de l’éducation (secteur primaire) à partir de 1995. Cette politique de recrutement massif d’enseignants (1200 par an à partir de 1995 et autour de 4000 par an depuis 2000) est un moyen efficace de contrôle du système éducatif par les pouvoirs publics sénégalais. Par ailleurs, les bailleurs de fond (Banque mondiale, FMI) adoptent depuis quelques années une nouvelle stratégie consistant à revaloriser le rôle de l’Etat surtout dans le système éducatif du fait que l’augmentation considérable du nombre d’intervenants (organismes bilatéraux, ONG, associations) rend de plus en plus nécessaire la coordination de tous les programmes
Keita, Moussa. "Allocation du temps et pauvreté : les enseignements du Programme Plateformes Mutifonctionnelles au Mali." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014CLF10436/document.
Full textNo abstract available
Bilé, Paule Christiane. "La politique d'éducation de base au Cameroun : la décentralisation, entre postures officielles et réalités locales." Paris 5, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA05H119.
Full textThe current policy of basic education lies within the vaster scope of the fight against poverty and the decentralization of the public action. Thus, it has to adjust its elements continuously in a diversified and variable context. Was it in Yaounde or Maroua, it is noted that in the primary schools of Cameroun there's a constant and considerable difference between the official speeches and logics which direct the behaviour of the actors. The administrative reorganisations are not enough in solving the multifaceted problems, and the lack of control justifies out-standards practices In a mechanism which is at the base of the primary schools' real functionin<> Beyond specificities related to each environment, there are convergences: imbalance between the centre and the periphery, the necessary redefinition of the roles and especially the revalorization of the means. The current attempts in that way are more of the groping than the long-term plan, whereas the dialogue is more than ever of primary importance
Thuilliez, Josselin. "Paludisme et développement économique." Phd thesis, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00492496.
Full textVinérier, Anne. "Réapprentissage des savoirs de base avec des personnes en situation d'illettrisme et tensions transitionnelles : à partir d'une Formation-Recherche-Action avec des apprenants." Tours, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007TOUR2006.
Full textBarely 2 % of illiterate adults make the effort to return to further education to learn to read, write and count since their first learning experience ended in failure. By identifying obstacles and solutions, we explore here the tensions to which these "remedial" students are subject in respect to themselves, others and their environment as laid out in the tripolar theory on training (G. Pineau). Using the archetypes and symbols of the caveman myth (Plato) we study the route these people take between mental acceptance and refusal, and the time-scale necessary. We shall try to understand the role played by third parties in encouraging the acquisition of basic skills, and underline the importance of interpersonal relations (R. Barbier's theory of sensitive listening). We shall place the question of retraining in a scenario of "level crossings", one problem symbolically being that of moving country
Tholé, Marie-gaëlle. "Les filles à l'école au Mali : langage, représentations et interactions." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010MON30079/document.
Full textThe education system in Mali, one of the poorest countries in the world, suffers from severe difficulties (stemming from socioeconomic, socio-cultural and political problems) which the government has been trying to address to foster economic development. In this country, the situation of girls and women is problematic and a cause of concern. Although female under-education, a characteristic of Africa, tends to decrease, gender inequalities prevail. Research conducted in France has shown that school appears as the place where fossilized ideological structures placing girls and women in an inferior position are reproduced. In that sense, gender interactions at stake in society shape interactions in the classroom and vice versa. The present study is rooted in linguistics and also relies on research in education. Its aim is to describe on the one hand the girls’ and teachers’ social representations, and on the other hand the linguistic and interactional phenomena that occur in the classroom. The purpose of this research is to determine whether the way the classroom works reflects society, as regards the role and place of girls and women in Mali. This study relies on a corpus collected in Mali, which includes interviews with teachers and 4th-year and 9th-year girls, as well as videos filmed in class in two Malian towns – N’Kourala, a rural village, and Bamako, the capital city of Mali
Rwehera, Mathias. "L'impossible developpement de l'enseignement dans les pays les moins avances." Caen, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998CAEN1243.
Full textThis research focuses on a group of forty-seven countries labelled "the least developed countries" (ldcs) by the un. It analyses the situation in their educational systems and reviews the most common problems confronting them in all three levels. Use is here made of a new proposed classification for grading the ldcs in three groups on the basis of a number of key variables. The study argues that, in the framework of the now prevailing capitalist system, the economic obstacles blocking the ldcs' efforts in development are so great and so numerous that one has no basis to project any real, effective and sustainable improvement of their educational systems. Despite the proven relevance of investing in education, these countries cannot allocate the necessary resources. Furthermore the external assistance to these countries is reviewed and found incapable or uninterested to compensate for the missing internal resources. As an illustration, a case study that was conducted in niger-an ldc with one of the lowest enrolment ratios in primary education-to deal with the issue of "education for all" is included in the text. The study also reviews some of the methods used in educational planning and comes to the conclusion that conditions in the ldcs' education systems effectively prevent them from being successfully used
Berton, Jacques. "Démarche clinique et formation initiale d'éducateurs spécialisés." Paris 8, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA083611.
Full textKeita, Moussa. "Allocation du temps et pauvreté: les enseignements du Programme Plateformes Multifonctionnelles au Mali." Phd thesis, Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01015787.
Full textBORGES, CECILIA MARIA FERREIRA. "L ENSEIGNANT DE L ÉDUCATION DE BASE DU 5E AU 8E. DEGRÉ ET LEURS SAVOIRS PROFESSIONNELS." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2002. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=3988@1.
Full textCette thèse s inscrit dans le champ de la recherche internationale sur les savoirs des enseignants abordés en lien avec leur travail et leur formation. Elle propose plus spécifiquement une recherche sur les savoirs professionnels en relation avec la problématique des composantes disciplinaires (formation disciplinaire, disciplines enseignées ou matières scolaires, structures disciplinaires du curriculum, orientations disciplinaires, etc.) qui interviennent dans la formation et le travail des enseignants de l éducation de base de l enseignement fondamental des niveaux 5 à 8 au Brésil. Notre recherche s efforce de comprendre, en s appuyant sur des entrevues semi-structurées avec vingt-trois enseignants de différentes disciplines, comment ils conçoivent leurs savoirs professionnels en relation à ces composantes disciplinaires. Quel place, quel poids et quelle signification leur attribuent-ils tant dans leur formation initiale que leur travail quotidien? Exploitant plus particulièrement trois ordres de questions relatifs àl apprentissage du travail enseignant, aux savoirs à la base de la profession et au travail curriculaire, la recherche explore, entre autres, des idées comme la connaissance pédagogique de la matière, les connaissances disciplinaires, les disciplines enseignées et les savoirs d expérience. Elle montre comment les références aux expériences préprofessionnelles et professionnelles dominent largement le discours des enseignants en ce qui a trait à leur apprentissage du métier. Cependant, cela n implique pas, de leur part, une dévalorisation de leur propre formation initiale d orientation disciplinaire, même si cette dernière ne permet pas, aux dires des enseignants, de rendre compte de la complexité de l exercice de leur profession. La recherche met également en évidence l existence de six catégories de savoirs professionnels identifiées par les enseignants eux-mêmes et parmi lesquelles se situent les savoirs disciplinaires ; cet ensemble de savoirs est considéré globalement comme un amalgame impliquant des compétences, des savoir-faire et des savoir-être ainsi que des connaissances, des postures et des valeurs. Finalement, la thèse souligne comment, face au travail curriculaire, les enseignants envisagent l enseignement comme un art. De la sorte, face aux finalités scolaires d éducation et d instruction qu ils doivent assumer, notre recherche met en évidence comment les enseignants définissent et situent leurs propres savoirs ainsi que leur propre tâche de responsables de l enseignement d une matière, laquelle met en jeu, certes, leur responsabilité dans la transmission d une connaissance spécifique mais, surtout, un engagement plus global dans le processus de socialisation et d éducation des élèves. La figure central résultant de cet amalgame de savoirs professionnels pourrait notamment s exprimer par l image d un kaléidoscope dans lequel les savoirs, en constant mouvement, se recomposent, se réorganisent, se reconstruisent et, en même temps, se hiérarchisent selon les exigences et les situations contingentes de leur propre travail d enseignant.
Esta tese inscreve-se no âmbito das pesquisas internacionais que se interessam pelos saberes dos docentes, considerando o seu trabalho e a sua formação. Trata-se de uma investigação sobre os saberes profissionais em relação à problemática dos componentes disciplinares (formação disciplinar, disciplinas ensinadas ou matérias escolares, estrutura curricular disciplinar, orientações disciplinares) que intervêm na formação e no trabalho dos professores da Educação Básica do Ensino Fundamental de 5a. a 8a. séries no Brasil. A pesquisa busca compreender, por meio da análise de depoimentos colhidos através de entrevistas semi-estruturadas, como vinte e três professores, de diferentes disciplinas, concebem seus saberes profissionais em relação a esses componentes. Que lugar, peso e significado eles lhes atribuem, tanto na sua formação inicial quanto no seu trabalho? Centrando-se, particularmente, sobre três ordens de questões relativas à aprendizagem do trabalho docente, aos saberes na base da profissão e ao trabalho curricular, explora conceitos como conhecimento pedagógico da matéria, conhecimentos disciplinares, disciplinas, saberes da experiência, entre outros. Mostra como as experiências préprofissionais e profissionais ocupam boa parte do discurso dos docentes no que concerne à aprendizagem do métier, sem, contudo, desconsiderar a formação inicial, de orientação disciplinar que, porém, não dá conta da complexidade do ofício docente. Indica seis categorias de saberes profissionais, apontadas pelos professores, entre os quais, os saberes disciplinares são considerados no bojo de um amálgama, envolvendo as competências, o saber-fazer e saber-ser, os conhecimentos, as posturas e valores etc. Por fim, aponta como, frente ao trabalho curricular, os professores aproximam-se da idéia do ensino como arte. De modo que, entre as finalidades escolares de educar e instruir, evidencia como definem e situam seus saberes e a si próprios enquanto professores de uma disciplina, responsáveis pela transmissão de um conhecimento específico mas, sobretudo, engajados de modo mais global no processo de socialização e educação de seus alunos. Uma das figuras centrais resultante desse amálgama de saberes profissionais aponta para a imagem de um caleidoscópio, no qual os saberes, em constante movimento, compõem-se, reorganizam-se, reconstroem-se e, mesmo, hierarquizam-se de acordo com as demandas e situações contingentes do seu trabalho.
Figueiredo-Biton, Cristina. "Conceptualisation des notions de chaud et de froid : systèmes d'éducation et relations hommes-femmes chez les Touaregs (Imedédaghen et Kel Adagh, Mali)." Paris, EHESS, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001EHES0219.
Full textLunzayiladio, Kiala Henri. "Orientation et carrière scolaires à l'issue de l'enseignement de base en Angola." Paris 5, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA05H057.
Full textAngolan educational system is in a state of crisis; high watage-ratics, academic lateness and overcrowded classes of mixed ages became generalized. The thesis analises the plans for future studies and the real placements of girls and boys between 14 and 18 years of age, when being moved from the basic education to the middle and pre-university education. The author beg the question that educational guidance depends more on the academic antecedents, more so than the social background factors, even though the laters determine the formers. The author makes the hypothesis of linear causality between the 3 orders of variables. One can confirm the dependence of the basic school-attendance in relation to social origin. The linear causality however is not verified. Educational plans and placements depend on interaction systems which link academic antecedents to individual and family factors. Using an intercultural and differential approach, the author carries on a complementary psychosociological study on educational motivations and outcomes of adolescents, taking into account - as explicative variables - the social representations of success on parents and teachers, as well as their educational attitudes and practices
Lansiaux, Valérie. "Entre identités et représentations sociales : étude de la professionnalité autour de l'illettrisme : étude structurelle, analytique et comparative." Lille 1, 2004. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/RESTREINT/Th_Num/2004/50377-2004-10.pdf.
Full textDesnoyers, Johanne. "Histoire des femmes au Sénégal et au Mali et processus de modernisation : itinéraires et aspirations de la première génération de femmes lettrées." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ51127.pdf.
Full textHajj, Sleiman Mayssa. "L'éducation à la citoyenneté chez les élèves de cinquième année de base dans certaines écoles publiques libanaises (étude de cas)." Thesis, Nantes, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016NANT2036.
Full textDumet, Thomas. "Illettrisme et formation de base : l'épreuve des contradictions." Thesis, Lille 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LIL12008/document.
Full textThis work develops the thesis that functional illiteracy is, in its ideal type, a way to individualize a contradiction linked to work otherwise this contradiction might have been collective. In this typical form, adult basic education is, for those who are concerned, a way to conquer individual contradictions. Based on a case study, analyses show how training enables or facilitates this. This case study also shows the diversity of training courses, and the duality of teaching and learning
Niangaly, Hamidou. "Essais sur l'économie du paludisme au Sahel : études de cas au Mali et au Burkina Faso." Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020CLFAD003.
Full textThe implementation of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) has led to significant but uneven progress between countries. Sub-Saharan African countries continue to be characterized by high proportion of out-of-school children, high child mortality and a high burden of communicable diseases in the overall disease burden, including malaria. Added to this is a high fertility level with its potential economic consequences. The Sustainable Development Goals also target malaria for elimination by 2030 and advocate for quality education for all, including early childhood care, which had been overlooked in the MDGs. This thesis focuses on analysing aspects of development linked to these global challenges. This thesis focuses on analyzing aspects of development related to these global challenges.The first chapter analyses the impact of malaria control campaigns on fertility in Mali using data from the Demographic and Health Surveys of 2006 and 2012 and those of the Malaria Atlas Project for the same period. The results show that malaria has a negative effect on fertility (-0.24 children). Among the mechanisms that explain this effect (infant deaths, abortions), mother’s education is more important. The second chapter examines the relationship between malaria, household income and investment in education through a randomized controlled trial in a village in Mali. Surveys were conducted in July and December 2016 within the same households, with microscopic screening for malaria in children aged 3 months to 5 years. The results show that relaxing the constraints of economic losses linked to malaria (direct costs, care expenses, and/or loss of productivity) allowed households to save 3194 F CFA (5 euros) and to make additional expenditures of 2863 F CFA (4 euros) in children's education. The third chapter, also a randomized controlled trial, analyses the effect of reminder messages and information to household heads on the use and adoption of the ITN strategy using a mobile phone platform in Bobo Dioulasso, Burkina Faso. Surveys were conducted in 2013, 2016 and 2017 to collect data within the same households. The results show that the problem of inappropriate use of preventive malaria care can be solved by using the traditional method of health awareness or by disseminating information messages to heads of households through a mobile phone platform. The effect was between 4.6 and 6 percentage points for text and voice messages respectively. The fourth chapter analyses the impact and cost of a set of health and education strategies (micronutrients, CPS, deworming) on improving early childhood development. This was a randomized controlled trial with villages as the randomization unit, conducted in 2016 in an area of high malaria transmission and high prevalence of anaemia, in Sikasso in southern Mali. The cost of the different strategies was evaluated from the provider's perspective for a relatively short time horizon. The integrated disease control strategies, the implementation of Early Childhood Development Centres and parental education did not have an impact on early childhood development. However, the cost of implementing these strategies was limited.In conclusion, malaria is a burden on economic development through its effects on fertility and income, potentially penalising investment in education. Our results therefore contribute to the existing literature on the effect of malaria on economic development
Ndimurukundo, Nicéphore Bukuru. "L'éducation de base au Burundi : école primaire et école Yaga Mukama, 1898-1973, structures, fonctionnement et impact social." Paris 5, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA05H096.
Full textThe basic education in Burundi has two forms. On the one hand there is the traditional form and on the other is the western form. The former, though transformed and even erased in a sense by the intrusion of colonization and evangelization shill subsists in parts of the country where people haven't had enough contact with the two above mentioned phenomena. The latter was imposed by the west from the permanent settlement of the first catholic mission in 1989 (Muyaga). In the two forms, the structures, contents and methods favorable and suitable to the catholic and colonial ideals are safeguarded. Our work deals with the western form that the colonizer the evangelist and the local elite utilized to their profit notably by controlling the selection of attendants, the subsidies and the job market. The first school convention between the Catholic Church and the colonial power (1930) admits the progressive detachment of the primary school from the two other schools from which it stems, namely the catechumen and the simple reading school. In the primary school itself, the first cycle is reserved to the common people and its content is barely different from the content of the simple reading schools, the basis of the education being books on religion. The 2nd cycle prepares assistants in accordance to the strict boundaries of the colonial needs. The second school convention (1948) accelerates the preparation of helpers and provides for the initiation of a post-primary education. The alignment to the undenominational schools (1954) and the local elite is reinforced from the early years of independence (1962). The simple reading school which was first a kind of preparatory school to the primary school is transformed in a similar, rather rival school and gets the popular name of Yaga Mukama (speak o lord) 1962-1963. Our study stops in 1973 when the first reform of the educational system starts. This reform barely changes the existing structures and excludes the yaga mukama schools which from 1930 houses two to three times the number of primary school attendants. The study of the general functionning
Sougane, Arouna. "L'émigration au Mali : impacts sur les ménages d'origine et insertion des migrants de retour." Thesis, Paris 9, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA090008/document.
Full textThis thesis analyses the effects of migration on the behaviors of household of origins members, when newspapers' headlines focus on tragedies related to illegal immigration. Our thesis, applied to Mali, is an in-depth analysis of external and internal migrations both very important in this country, whereas most of the studies only focus on the impact of international migration. We use data from two national large-scale surveys which were fully conducted under our control. The thesis is divided into four chapters. The first chapter is a descriptive analysis of the two types of migration and highlights the characteristics of migrants. It also evaluates the transfer amounts and their contribution to the living conditions of recipient households. The next chapters resort to micro-econometric techniques which allow us to estimate the effects of migration by controlling for endogeneity problems. The second chapter examines the effects of the two types of migration on schooling of children from households of origins, namely their schooling success. In the third chapter, we evaluate the impact of migrations on agricultural production. We test the hypothesis of an opportunistic behavior because of the existence of an implicit contract between migrants and members of the household of origin. Insertion of return migrants in the labour market is investigated in the fourth chapter. The thesis shows negative impacts of internal and foreign migrations, especially, on the behavior of original household members. Migrations reveal an opportunistic behavior marked by least effort at school (from children's side) and from agricultural workers. In addition, migration experience does not have significant influence on the insertion in the labour market
Diawara, Moise. "Contribution des organisations non gouvernementales au développement social et économique du Mali : période 1960-2012." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE2084.
Full textThe economic difficulties faced by Mali can't be seriously combatted without taking into account socio-cultural parameters of beneficiaries of development projects because they have achievements that can be triggering factors or obstacles to any process of local development.Humanitarian aid is at the crossroads of the generosity of its members and the lack of political action in a country. Mali can't be at the margin and find itself in a socio-economic and political situation that requires outside support to resolve its various existential and economic issues.In this context, NGOs have become the operators of development, almost instead of the State in Mali.The results of this situation seem mixed; hence the feeling of a great deal of energy for poor results? Why do Malians have difficulties in taking over the concept of development (economic and social)?In the current situation, we are facing difficulties to understand development issues, while NGOs and their foreign partners act and define their actions from stereotyped views.Mali has been influenced externally since colonialism (colonialism under French influence, socialism under Chinese influence, liberalism under the influence of the World Bank and international institutions such as the IMF), which prevented it from conceiving a specific development model according to its cultural references.These factors, combined with environmental and climatic factors, keep populations in a state of poverty and classify Mali according to the United Nations Human Development Index 2012 to 175th out of 182 world levels, despite the available resources. According to the same source, data from the World Bank indicate that the national gross income per capita is US $ 649 or 616 euros. Poverty is defined by two dimensions: material poverty and poverty in terms of social relations. Formerly as today (see UNDP report from 3 to 4 June 1999), all external observers are struck by the rich social relationships between people in Mali.This fertile ground encourages the intervention of NGOs and allows them to carry out concrete actions (infrastructures, advisory support) badly needed by the populations. However, in their intervention, they do not often take into account the complexity of socio-cultural models, their impact and, above all, the appropriation of achievements by the inhabitants which are often rejected because they don't stick with their social context.Thus, the development process in Mali may be hampered by the heavy weight of the culture.The socialization of children takes place in 3 steps from 0 to 16 years. Its content refers to the vision of a human in the Malian culture, but differs in part according to the specificities of the group of belonging. It ultimately produces an individual who is partly free, partly enrolled in a social body in which he must play the role assigned to him. Becoming an adult means taking his place in the close family, in his extended family, in his village, his people of belonging, according to complex and precise cultural criteria.These are the parameters that make up the models imposed on the Malian individual while participating in development initiatives. If he tries to improve his educational level, to improve his economic situation, the goal is to play a better role in a "traditional" setting, between determinism and freedom.But often, when NGOs intervene in education or local development, they do not have in mind the subtleties of socialization of children and the possible interactions with the school course.In other words, when they promote economic projects, they remain unrelated to the questions regarding who is locally in charge of these projects (depending on the place of each other in the social and family order).The Malian individual himself is not in a position to overcome this context, to stand back to analyze it and modify it
Lévy, Jean-François. "Enseignement et apprentissage du traitement de texte en formation initiale." Paris 5, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA05H010.
Full textKoné, Salifou. "L’intégration des outils numériques nomades dans l'apprentissage des langues : le cas de lycéens-adolescents Maliens." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE2129.
Full textThis study focuses on the use of digital technology for learning amongst adolescent high school students in the Malian socio-educational context. It seeks to understand how these learners use digital tools to carry out pedagogical activities inside and outside French as a second language classes and it questions the role of the tools in informal language learning within their school curriculum. An ethnographic study enabled us to observe a sample of adolescent high school students in four Bamako high schools, in the different social spaces in which they move on a daily basis: the high school and its different spaces, the family home and the “grin”. The “grin” is a word from Bambara (first national language in Mali), which describes both a group of friends of the same age and the different places where they meet one another. The study uses interviews, logbooks and the observation of situations in which digital tools are used, during which photographs were taken, to capture how each adolescent high school student puts together learning resources from the tools available in each context. The epistemological position comes from case thinking, which enabled us to reconstruct portraits of high school students from the situations in which they use digital tools. Each situation described is seen as being set in a particular social configuration where identities and interdependence relations are at stake. Thus we report how uses evolve according to place.The mobile phone was identified at the start of the study as being the main mediation tool for high school students’ digital practices in the Malian socio-economic context. The goal then was to consider how the mobile phone was imported into the classroom as a school phenomenon and thus to examine the school form of the pedagogical relationship, in light of the high school students’ uses identified during didactic interaction. Thus, interviews were conducted with French teachers during their lessons and with senior school authority members in order to determine how they appropriate this phenomenon, what significance they attribute to it and how it impacts on the power and knowledge relations, which are at the foundation of the school educational relationship. The interviews were analysed from the standpoint of Critical Discourse Analysis. The results reveal tensions which emerge around the pedagogical uses of the mobile phone between, on the one hand, the teacher and his/her students and, on the other hand, between the teacher and the school authority. In view of these tensions, pedagogical suggestions are offered so that teachers can re-appropriate mobile digital tools brought into the classroom by students
Brun, Bénédicte. "Un scénario pédagogique intégrant le français et l'histoire en vue d'améliorer les repères culturels des adultes inscrits en formation de base diversifiée." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/6405.
Full textDiané, Baba. "Concilier le nombre et la qualité dans la gestion de la formation initiale des maîtres en République de Guinée." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013VERS011S.
Full textIn Guinea Republic, the Teachers formation is in full processing since back ten years ago. In fact, in 1998, the Country engaged a vast reform of the formation of initial primary teachers. This reform marked a major change in the formation of the futurs teachers, in adopting an alternately modal of formation. This quickly permitted to form with least cost important number recruited teachers on the contractual bases for to resold the need in quantitative teachers. The quantitative results praise-worthy of the reform created therefore some questions on the quality of the products of those intensives strategies of formation. It is in that perspective to more understand what happened and still continues to happen on the experience, this present analysis in inscribed. The general objective of this research is to favorite in the part the identification of the major defies posed by the Guinean intensives formation (Recruitment and putting in service of teacher no functionary). And other part, to research the ways of remediation in manner to create, if need was, the durably conditions of the experience in link with the necessity of the amelioration of the quality of teaching/learning at the elementary school
Mercier, Marion. "Migration, development and politics in the homeland." Paris, EHESS, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014EHES0114.
Full textThis thesis tackles the effects of migration on the political economy of development in the homeland. The first part of the thesis is based on a case study of Mali. In Chapter 1, we explore the impact of return migrants on political behaviors, and put forward the existence of transfers of electoral norms from Malian returnees toward non-migrants. Chapter 2 focuses on monetary transfers sent collectively by migrants through hometown associations, and shows that the provision of local public goods has increased relatively more rapidly in the Malian villages which have been targeted, since the 1990s, by hometown associations settled in France. The second part of the thesis leaves the Malian soil and adopts a more macro-economic approach. In Chapter 3, we study the migration background of political leaders, and find that, between 1960 and 2004, developing countries headed by foreign-educated leaders reached higher average levels of democracy. Last, Chapter 4 presents a theoretical model that analyzes the effect of a diaspora on civil war in the homeland, and the circumstances under which diasporas can fuel violence or promote peacebuilding. The thesis thus highlights four mechanisms through which migration can affect local political economy and opens numerous new research questions. It also emphasizes the importance of adopting different approaches, based on both theoretical and empirical tools, and of implementing innovative methodologies and data collection devices in order to investigate these questions
Mikobi, Dikay Josué. "La politique de l'Unesco pour le développement de l'éducation de base en République Démocratique du Congo : 1960-1980." Orléans, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008ORLE1098.
Full textThe UNESCO policy to Congo is enrolling in the frame work of its intervention to the urgent operations of ONUC, an action firecely marked by the cold war and the colonization. This thesis is orientated to wards 3 axes constituting the changing moments of the relation between UNESCO and the nations. Each axis restores one of the important times of the Democratic Republic of Congo's cooperation with UNESCO, thus marking the organization's educational action. Detaching itself from forces and feebleness, ruptures and continuity. The examination of the historical dimension of the intervention of UNOC gives a light on the conditions of the organization of partnership has favored the stheng thening of the relationship between UNESCO and national participants. This survey's objective is to show UNESCO role in the placement of new educational structures determining the partnership nature and evaluating it's actions impact on the Congolese populations. This interest is to show the complexity of the educational issues of UNESCO's action in Congo and to appreciate the United Nation's organizations intervention, and the motivation of the Congolese government towards the political, economical, and social readjustment of a newly country. We not only retrace the grand international diplomatic issues which contributed to UNESCO's redeployment for reconstructing the ruptured Congolese society, but of the progression of international relations, proclaimed since its creation, UNESCO's universality has become a reality for the Congolese land. The Congo, on the background of cold war, was indeed a new field of connection between UNESCO and the two most power ful countries of the time where the issues become a reality in the 11th UNESCO conference, opening the doors in Africa. Actualy, UNESCO tempted their first experiencys in the Leopoldville Congo where its participation to the civil operations appeared as a living symbol of international aid. The organization played a copital democratic role beside the congolese political participants for ending the crisis, favoring the dialogue between diverse sensibilities, an maintaining peace across the educational action. The Congolese educational system has endured profound transformations which wereinterceded under the influency of the international organizations