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1

Uchuskin, Maxim, Igor Trushkov, and Anton Makarov. "Furan Oxidation Reactions in the Total Synthesis of Natural Products." Synthesis 50, no. 16 (2018): 3059–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1610021.

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Recent developments on the transformations of furans under oxidative conditions toward the total synthesis of complex natural compounds are discussed. Reactions and methods are classified according to the type of oxidant used. Comparisons are then made between all the strategies to provide a comprehensive overview. This review covers the most prominent work published from 2011 until 2017.1 Introduction2 Reagents and Methods for Oxidation of the Furan Ring2.1 Singlet Oxygen2.2 Peroxides and Hydroperoxides2.3 Quinones2.4 Halogen-Based Oxidants2.5 Chromium-Based Oxidants3 The Achmatowicz Reaction
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2

Gui, Jinghan, and Jiachen Deng. "Alkyne-Forming Furan Fragmentation: A General Method to Convert Furans into Alkynoic Acids." Synlett 30, no. 06 (2019): 642–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1611943.

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Furans are readily available and highly reactive heterocycles that serve as versatile four-carbon synthons in organic synthesis. Recently, we discovered that furans, upon oxidation with singlet oxygen, can be transformed into alkynes via dual C–C double-bond cleavage. This Synpacts article presents an overview of the historical context and the development of this furan fragmentation reaction. We also discuss its application in natural product synthesis and a plausible reaction mechanism.1 Introduction2 Background of Alkyne-Forming Furan Fragmentation3 Reaction Development4 Conclusion
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3

Coggon, Matthew M., Christopher Y. Lim, Abigail R. Koss, et al. "OH chemistry of non-methane organic gases (NMOGs) emitted from laboratory and ambient biomass burning smoke: evaluating the influence of furans and oxygenated aromatics on ozone and secondary NMOG formation." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 19, no. 23 (2019): 14875–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-14875-2019.

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Abstract. Chamber oxidation experiments conducted at the Fire Sciences Laboratory in 2016 are evaluated to identify important chemical processes contributing to the hydroxy radical (OH) chemistry of biomass burning non-methane organic gases (NMOGs). Based on the decay of primary carbon measured by proton transfer reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometry (PTR-ToF-MS), it is confirmed that furans and oxygenated aromatics are among the NMOGs emitted from western United States fuel types with the highest reactivities towards OH. The oxidation processes and formation of secondary NMOG masses measu
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4

El Mais, Abd El Rahman, Barbara D'Anna, Luka Drinovec, et al. "Insights into secondary organic aerosol formation from the day- and nighttime oxidation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and furans in an oxidation flow reactor." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 23, no. 23 (2023): 15077–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-15077-2023.

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Abstract. Secondary organic aerosols (SOAs) formed by oxidation of typical precursors largely emitted by biomass burning, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and furans, are still poorly characterized. We evaluated and compared the formation yields, effective density (ρeff), absorption Ångström exponent (α), and mass absorption coefficient (MAC) of laboratory-generated SOAs from three furan compounds and four PAHs. SOAs were generated in an oxidation flow reactor under day- (OH radicals) or nighttime (NO3 radicals) conditions. The ρeff, formation yields, α, and MAC of the generated
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5

Vranová, J., and Z. Ciesarová. "Furan in food – a review." Czech Journal of Food Sciences 27, No. 1 (2009): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/2843-cjfs.

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Furan and its derivatives were identified in a small number of heat-treated foods back in the 60’s and 70’s. In May 2004, US Food and Drug Administration published a report on the occurrence of parent furan in a number of thermally treated foods. Since furan has been classified as “possibly carcinogenic to human” by IARC, a great concern has been addressed to the analysis of this substance naturally-occurring in food. This paper gives a short overview on the mechanistic pathways of the parent furan formation in food by degradation of amino acids and/or reducing sugars, and oxidation of ascorbi
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6

Maranzana, Andrea, and Glauco Tonachini. "Mechanism of the Photochemical Isomerization and Oxidation of 2-Butenedial: A Theoretical Study." Molecules 28, no. 13 (2023): 4994. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28134994.

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Under tropospheric conditions, 2-butenedial is photochemically removed to produce secondary organic aerosol. Upon solar irradiation in the lower troposphere, the main photochemical products are ketene-enol (a key intermediate product), furanones, and maleic anhydride. The oxidative reaction mechanism was studied using the multireference method CASSCF to explore the hypersurface of the two most accessible singlet excited states, and by DFT for the ground state. Photoisomerization of 2-butenedial in the first excited state directly produces ground state ketene-enol upon nonradiative relaxation.
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7

Zhou, Yuefeng, Jun Ma, Kai Chen, Huanfeng Jiang, and Shifa Zhu. "Selectivity-switchable oxidation of tetraarylethylenes to fused polycyclic compounds." Chemical Communications 52, no. 91 (2016): 13345–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6cc08155j.

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8

Carrette, L. L. G., E. Gyssels, N. De Laet, and A. Madder. "Furan oxidation based cross-linking: a new approach for the study and targeting of nucleic acid and protein interactions." Chemical Communications 52, no. 8 (2016): 1539–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5cc08766j.

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9

Chen, Xiaoyu, Andrew Thomas Holm, and Philip Wai Hong Chan. "Gold Catalysed 1,4-Enyne Acetate Strategy for the Synthesis of 1H-Indenes and Partially Hydrogenated Methanonaphtho[1,2-c]furan-1,3(4H)-diones." Australian Journal of Chemistry 73, no. 12 (2020): 1165. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch20175.

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A synthetic method to prepare 1H-indenes and partially hydrogenated methanonaphtho[1,2-c]furan-1,3(4H)-diones from gold(i)-catalysed 1,4-enyne acetate cycloisomerisation and oxidation or Diels–Alder reaction with maleic anhydride is described. The proposed mechanism involves Rautenstrauch rearrangement of the 1,4-enyne motif to give an insitu formed 1,3-cyclopentadiene intermediate. This is followed by 6-endo-dig cyclisation of the cyclic adduct and oxidation to give the aromatic carbocycle or Diels–Alder reaction with maleic anhydride to afford the bridged furan product.
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10

Schmidt, M., K. Albert, R. Brindle, C. Maichle-Mössmer, and K. Eger. "Zur Struktur von Hydroxy-5-phenyl-furanonen: Lösungs-NMR, Festkörper-13C-NMR und Röntgenstruktur im Vergleich / On the Structure of Hydroxy-5-phenyl-furanone Derivatives: NMR Spectroscopy in Solution and High Resolution Solid State 13C NMR Spectroscopy in Relation to X-Ray Crystallography." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 48, no. 10 (1993): 1372–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-1993-1011.

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The structure of (5H)-2-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-phenyl-furan-4-one (lb) was determined by NMR-spectroscopy in solution and in the solid state. The structure of its oxidation product, 3,4-Dihydro-3,3,4,4-tetrahydroxy-5-phenyl-furan-2(5H)-one (7), given in the literature as 5-Phenyl-2,3,4-(5H)-furan-trione, was determined by NMR spectroscopy and crystal structure analysis. The solid state NMR spectrum of 7 was compared to the spectrum of dehydroascorbic acid
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11

Yuan, Yi, Xiaocan Zhao, Sainan Wang, and Liming Wang. "Atmospheric Oxidation of Furan and Methyl-Substituted Furans Initiated by Hydroxyl Radicals." Journal of Physical Chemistry A 121, no. 48 (2017): 9306–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpca.7b09741.

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12

Becalski, Adam, and Stephen Seaman. "Furan Precursors in Food: A Model Study and Development of a Simple Headspace Method for Determination of Furan." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 88, no. 1 (2005): 102–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/88.1.102.

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Abstract Furan was previously detected in foods that had undergone thermal treatment. Because furan is now classified as a possible human carcinogen, a model system was developed to investigate the origins of furan. Also, a simple, rapid isotope dilution (d4-furan) headspace method was developed to measure furan. Two pathways of furan formation have been identified in the model systems tested so far. The first is the oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids at elevated temperatures, and the second is linked to the decomposition of ascorbic acid derivatives. The analytical procedure, based on t
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13

Antonatou, Eirini, Yentl Verleysen, and Annemieke Madder. "Singlet oxygen-mediated one-pot chemoselective peptide–peptide ligation." Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry 15, no. 38 (2017): 8140–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ob02245j.

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14

Rhee, Seung Whee, and Woo Keun Lee. "Characteristics of Spent Foundry Sand - Loess Mixture as Ceramic Support Materials." Materials Science Forum 510-511 (March 2006): 378–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.510-511.378.

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Spent foundry sand (SFS) from cast iron industry mixed with loess was characterized to recycle spent foundry sand as ceramic support materials. Since SFS mostly consists of sand including binding agents and residue [1], it was used as permeable media, and loess, which has highly adsorptive and reactive properties, was used as support materials Leaching tests such as Korean Leaching Test (KLT) and TCLP (Toxicity Characteristics Leaching Procedure) showed that spent foundry sands from cast iron industry were not hazardous. Turbidity in furan sand was much higher than that in other sands, and tur
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15

Buttery, Jarrod H., and Dieter Wege. "Some Transformations of Adducts of 3,6-Dimethoxy-4,5-methylenedioxy-1,2-didehydrobenzene and Furans. An Approach to the 5,8-Dimethoxy-6,7-methylenedioxynaphtho[2,3-c]furan-4,9-dione Ring System of Ventilone A." Australian Journal of Chemistry 51, no. 5 (1998): 409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/c97209.

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Adducts derived from the aryne 3,6-dimethoxy-4,5-methylenedioxy-1,2-didehydrobenzene (19) with furan and 2-methoxyfuran have been converted into 5,8-dimethoxy-6,7-methylenedioxy-1,2-naphthoquinone (22) and 5,8-dimethoxy-6,7-methylenedioxy-1,4-naphthoquinone (24) respectively. The trapping of (19) with 1H,3H-furo[3,4-c]furan (38) yielded an unstable adduct (37), which on acid-catalysed ring opening and subsequent oxidation was transformed into 5,8-dimethoxy-6,7-methylenedioxynaphtho[2,3-c]furan-4,9-dione (36), a compound possessing the ring system of the naturally occurring quinone ventilone A.
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16

Zhang, Zehui, and George W. Huber. "Catalytic oxidation of carbohydrates into organic acids and furan chemicals." Chemical Society Reviews 47, no. 4 (2018): 1351–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7cs00213k.

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17

Poskonin, V. V., and L. A. Badovskaya. "Catalytic oxidation of furan and hydrofuran compounds." Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds 34, no. 6 (1998): 646–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02252269.

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18

Zhang, Ye, Lei Zhang, and Xiangbing Qi. "Total Synthesis of (–)-Alstofolinine A: Selected Furan Oxidation/ Cyclization Cascade." Synlett 31, no. 01 (2019): 7–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1690247.

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Indole-fused tetracyclic ring systems containing nitrogen atoms are common core skeletons of many indole alkaloids such as sarpagine, macroline, and ajmaline. Efficient and stereoselective construction of these ring systems can promote the development of the corresponding alkaloid syntheses. In this article, we briefly summarize our current progress toward the application of the aza-Achmatowicz reaction and indole nucleophilic addition reaction cascade for the first asymmetric total synthesis of the macroline-type indole alkaloid (–)-Alstofolinine A. Our synthetic strategy is based on furan ox
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19

Hu, Xiao-Hui, Xiao-Qiu Pu, Rui Liu, Chun-Xiao Cui, Jun Yang, and Xian-Jin Yang. "A facile access to cis-dihydrofurobenzofuran from 2-(2,5-dihydro-furan-2-yl)-phenol." RSC Advances 6, no. 63 (2016): 58613–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra06840e.

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20

Wang, Tingshu, Miao Zhang, Yifan Zheng, Junmo Seong, Myoung Soo Lah, and Sangho Koo. "Furan oxidation by Mn(iii)/Co(ii) catalysts – application to benzofuran synthesis." RSC Advances 11, no. 50 (2021): 31395–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1ra05305a.

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21

Citterio, Attilio, Maffezzoni Tino, Maronati Antonietta та Roberto Sebastiano. "2,5-DISUBSTITUTED FURANS BY OXIDATION OF β-DICARBONYL COMPOUNDS IN THE PRESENCE OF FURAN". Organic Preparations and Procedures International 29, № 5 (1997): 590–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00304949709355239.

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22

Badovskaya, L. A., V. V. Poskonin, and L. V. Povarova. "Synthesis of functional furan derivatives by oxidation of furans and formylfurans with hydrogen peroxide." Russian Chemical Bulletin 66, no. 4 (2017): 593–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11172-017-1778-8.

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23

Gupta, Kavita, Rohit K. Rai, and Sanjay K. Singh. "Catalytic aerial oxidation of 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfural to furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid over Ni–Pd nanoparticles supported on Mg(OH)2 nanoflakes for the synthesis of furan diesters." Inorganic Chemistry Frontiers 4, no. 5 (2017): 871–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7qi00026j.

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24

Xu, Long, Changfeng Hu, Yongguo Liu, et al. "Development of a sensitive and quantitative method for the identification of two major furan fatty acids in human plasma." Journal of Lipid Research 61, no. 4 (2020): 560–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1194/jlr.d119000514.

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This article focuses on the establishment of an accurate and sensitive quantitation method for the analysis of furan fatty acids. In particular, the sensitivity of GC/MS and UPLC/ESI/MS/MS was compared for the identification and quantification of furan fatty acids. Different methylation methods were tested with respect to GC/MS analysis. Special attention needs to be paid to the methylation of furan fatty acids, as acidic catalysts might lead to the degradation of the furan ring. GC/MS analysis in full-scan mode demonstrated that the limit of quantitation was 10 μM. UPLC/ESI/MS/MS in multiple
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25

Lin, Cheng-Lan, Yi-Lin Wu, Chang-Li Chen, Chih-Ming Chou, and Tien-Yau Luh. "Sequential Electrochemical Oxidation of Alternating Benzene-Furan Oligomers." Journal of Organic Chemistry 72, no. 22 (2007): 8531–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jo070999+.

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26

Kozmík, Václav, та Jaroslav Paleček. "Synthetic Analogues of Prostaglandins F2α and E2". Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 59, № 1 (1994): 138–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19940138.

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The synthesis of new derivatives of prostaglandins F2α and E2 XIIa,b - XVa,b and XXa,b - XXIIIa,b containing the furan or thiophene nucleus in the upper chain has been accomplished starting from [3aα,4α,5β,6aα]-(±)-hexahydro-5-hydroxy-4-((E)-(3α)-hydroxy-1-octenyl)-2H-cyclopenta[b]furan-2-one (Ia) and [3aα,4α,5β,6aα]-(±)-hexahydro-5-hydroxy-4-[4-(3-chlorophenoxy)-(3α)-hydroxy-1-butenyl]cyclopenta[b]furan-2-one (Ib). The diols Ia and Ib have been converted into the above-mentioned analogues of prostaglandins F2α and E2 by protecting the hydroxyl groups, subsequent reduction and Wittig reaction
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27

Decoene, Klaas, Willem Vannecke, Toby Passioura, Hiroaki Suga, and Annemieke Madder. "Pyrrole-Mediated Peptide Cyclization Identified through Genetically Reprogrammed Peptide Synthesis." Biomedicines 6, no. 4 (2018): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines6040099.

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Flexible in vitro translation (FIT) was used as a screening method to uncover a new methodology for peptide constraining based on the attack of a nucleophilic side-chain functionality onto an oxidized furylalanine side chain. A set of template peptides, each containing furylalanine as furan-modified amino acid and a nucleophilic residue (Cys, His, Lys, Arg, Ser, or Tyr), was produced through FIT. The translation mixtures were treated with N-bromosuccinimide (NBS) to achieve selective furan oxidation and subsequent MALDI analysis demonstrated Lys and Ser as promising residues for cyclisation. S
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28

Anand, Venkataramanarao, Santosh Panchal, and Baddigam Reddy. "Syntheses and Redox Chemistry of Antiaromatic Core-Modified Isophlorinoids." Synlett 29, no. 18 (2018): 2362–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1609907.

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During the attempted total synthesis of chlorophyll, Woodward hypothesized the formation of tetrapyrrolic 20π isophlorin as a transient antiaromatic intermediate which provides a plausible template to synthesize stable antiaromatic molecules. Despite its structural similarity with the 18π aromatic porphyrin, it significantly differs in its electronic and chemical properties. However, due to its unstable nature under ambient conditions it immediately gets oxidized to stable 18π aromatic porphyrin. Similar macrocyclic structures with β-substituted heterocycles, such as furan/thiophene/selenophen
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29

Chacón-Huete, F., C. Messina, F. Chen, L. Cuccia, X. Ottenwaelder, and P. Forgione. "Solvent-free mechanochemical oxidation and reduction of biomass-derived 5-hydroxymethyl furfural." Green Chemistry 20, no. 23 (2018): 5261–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8gc02481b.

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30

Martin, S. F. "Unified strategy for the synthesis of C-aryl glycosides." Pure and Applied Chemistry 75, no. 1 (2003): 63–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac200375010063.

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A unified approach for the synthesis of the four major groups of C-aryl glycosides has been developed. The strategy incorporates two integrated approaches, the first of which features the [4+2] cycloaddition of a glycosyl furan with a substituted benzyne followed by the acid-catalyzed opening of the resultant adduct. The second route involves the sequential palladium-catalyzed opening of a benzyne-furan cycloadduct with an iodo glycal followed by oxidation of the resultant dihydronaphthol ring and reduction of the glycal moiety. The utility of this strategy has been established by a concise fo
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31

Goemans, Marcel, Patrick Clarysse, Joseph Joannès, et al. "Catalytic NOx reduction with simultaneous dioxin and furan oxidation." Chemosphere 50, no. 4 (2003): 489–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0045-6535(02)00554-4.

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32

Goemans, Marcel, Patrick Clarysse, Joseph Joannès, et al. "Catalytic NOx reduction with simultaneous dioxin and furan oxidation." Chemosphere 54, no. 9 (2004): 1357–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0045-6535(03)00255-8.

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33

MORI, K. "Oxidation of furan on well-characterized vanadium oxide catalysts." Journal of Catalysis 95, no. 2 (1985): 482–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0021-9517(85)90126-5.

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34

Huang, Xin, Jinliang Song, Manli Hua, et al. "Robust selenium-doped carbon nitride nanotubes for selective electrocatalytic oxidation of furan compounds to maleic acid." Chemical Science 12, no. 18 (2021): 6342–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1sc01231b.

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35

CHIEN, CHUNSHENG, TOMOMI KAWASAKI, and MASANORI SAKAMOTO. "Oxidation of furan, pyrrole, thiophene, benzo(b)furan, and benzo(b)thiophene with oxodiperoxomolybdenum (VI), MoO5HMPA." CHEMICAL & PHARMACEUTICAL BULLETIN 33, no. 11 (1985): 5071–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1248/cpb.33.5071.

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36

Ghandi, Mehdi, Parham Asgari, Abuzar Taheri, and Alireza Abbasi. "One-pot, three-component condensation of 2-hydroxybenzaldehyde derivatives, primary amines with alkyl isocyanides to N-alkyl-2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-2-imino-acetamides." Open Chemistry 8, no. 4 (2010): 899–905. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11532-010-0054-7.

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AbstractOne-pot, three-component condensation of 2-hydroxybenzaldehyde derivatives, primary amines with alkyl isocyanides is reported. N-alkyl-2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-2-iminoacetamide derivatives are generated presumably via the preliminary formation of N, N′-disubstituted benzo[b]furan-2,3-diamines and subsequent oxidation with molecular oxygen.
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37

Brandolese, Arianna, Daniele Ragno, Graziano Di Carmine, et al. "Aerobic oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural to 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furancarboxylic acid and its derivatives by heterogeneous NHC-catalysis." Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry 16, no. 46 (2018): 8955–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8ob02425a.

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38

Manfredi, Kirk, S. B. Gingerich, and P. W. Jennings. "Peracid oxidation of 3,4,5-trialkylated furans: a novel ring expansion reaction of 3-methylperhydrocyclododeca[b]furan." Journal of Organic Chemistry 50, no. 4 (1985): 535–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jo00204a023.

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39

Wen, Mao, Xue-Ying Zhang, Min-Hua Zong, and Ning Li. "Significantly improved oxidation of bio-based furans into furan carboxylic acids using substrate-adapted whole cells." Journal of Energy Chemistry 41 (February 2020): 20–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jechem.2019.04.025.

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40

CITTERIO, A. TINO M., M. ANTONIETTA та R. SEBASTIANO. "ChemInform Abstract: 2,5-Disubstituted Furans by Oxidation of β-Dicarbonyl Compounds in the Presence of Furan." ChemInform 29, № 2 (2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.199802103.

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41

Zhang, Gong-Liang, Hong-Yan Wu, Ying Liang, Jie Song, Wei-Qi Gan та Hong-Man Hou. "Influence of Oxygen-Containing Sulfur Flavor Molecules on the Stability of β-Carotene under UVA Irradiation". Molecules 24, № 2 (2019): 318. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24020318.

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The influence of 11 kinds of oxygen-containing sulfur flavor molecules was examined on β-carotene stability under UVA irradiation in ethanol system. Both the effects of sulfides on dynamic degradation of β-carotene and the relation between structure and effect were investigated. The oxidation products of β-carotene accelerated by sulfides under UVA irradiation were also identified. The results indicated that the disulfides had more obvious accelerative effects on the photodegradation of β-carotene than mono sulfides. The degradation of β-carotene after methyl (2-methyl-3-furyl) disulfide (MMFD
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42

Noutsias, Dimitris, and Georgios Vassilikogiannakis. "First Total Synthesis of Paracaseolide A." Organic letters 14, no. 14 (2012): 3565–67. https://doi.org/10.1021/ol301481t.

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The first total synthesis of the paracaseolide A, a very unusual tetraquinane oxa-cage bislactone recently isolated from the mangrove Sonneratia paracaseolaris, has been achieved. The final step and culmination of the eight-step synthetic sequence is a [4 + 2] dimerization of a 4-hydroxybutenolide, generated by singlet oxygen-mediated oxidation of a furan precursor.
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43

Thorton, Mark M., Philip C. Malte, and Alden L. Crittenden. "Oxidation of furan and furfural in a well-stirred reactor." Symposium (International) on Combustion 21, no. 1 (1988): 979–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0082-0784(88)80329-1.

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44

Antonioletti, Roberto, Luca Arista, Francesco Bonadies, Ludovica Locati, and Arrigo Scettri. "Acid-catalyzed oxidation of furan derivatives by t-butyl hydroperoxide." Tetrahedron Letters 34, no. 44 (1993): 7089–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0040-4039(00)61606-4.

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45

Lu, Lianhai, Kazunari Domen, Ken-ichi Maruya, et al. "Liquid phase oxidation of crotonaldehyde to furan by aqueous CuCl2." Reaction Kinetics and Catalysis Letters 64, no. 1 (1998): 15–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02475364.

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46

Tura, Matilde, Diana Ansorena, Iciar Astiasarán, Mara Mandrioli, and Tullia Gallina Toschi. "Evaluation of Hemp Seed Oils Stability under Accelerated Storage Test." Antioxidants 11, no. 3 (2022): 490. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox11030490.

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The interest in hemp seed oil has recently increased, due to the latest regulations which allow its use as food. Hemp seed oil is characterized by a high content of polyunsaturated fatty acids, which are highly prone to oxidation. Accelerated thermal oxidation (60 °C, 18 days) has been applied to nine types of cold-pressed hemp seed oils to monitor the evolution of the samples during oxidative deterioration. The results showed that the only determinations of primary (peroxide value) and secondary (TBARs) oxidation products did not allow a sufficient or correct evaluation of the oxidative chang
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47

Hamilton, J. F., A. C. Lewis, C. Bloss, et al. "Measurements of photo-oxidation products from the reaction of a series of alkyl-benzenes with hydroxyl radicals during EXACT using comprehensive gas chromatography." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 3, no. 6 (2003): 1999–2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-3-1999-2003.

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Abstract. Photo-oxidation products from the reaction of a series of alkyl-benzenes, (benzene, toluene, p-xylene and 1,3,5-trimethyl-benzene) with hydroxyl radicals in the presence of NOx have been investigated using comprehensive gas chromatography (GCxGC). A GCxGC system has been developed which utilises valve modulation and independent separations as a function of both volatility and polarity. A number of carbonyl-type compounds were identified during a series of reactions carried out at the European Photoreactor (EUPHORE), a large volume outdoor reaction chamber in Valencia, Spain. Experime
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48

Tian, Ge, Fan Gong Kong, Shou Juan Wang та Jia Chuan Chen. "Degradation of a Phenolic β-O-4 Lignin Model Dimer by Electrochemically Mediated Delignification System with Violuric Acid". Applied Mechanics and Materials 496-500 (січень 2014): 155–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.496-500.155.

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The β-O-4 type model compound guaiacylglycerol-β-guaiacyl ether was treated with a Violuric acid (VIO) mediated electrochemical delignification system. GC-MS analysis were used to investigate the changes of chemical structure of β-O-4 type model compound during reaction. Mechanism of this electrochemical delignification was also explored. Results indicated that the electrochemical oxidation by VIO as a mediator had strong oxidation capability on degradation of β-O-4 type model compound. After degradation, a series of aromatic compounds containing single benzene ring, furan compounds and alipha
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49

Hamilton, J. F., A. C. Lewis, C. Bloss, et al. "Measurements of photo-oxidation products from the reaction of a series of alkyl-benzenes with hydroxyl radicals during EXACT using comprehensive gas chromatography." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 3, no. 4 (2003): 4359–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-3-4359-2003.

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Abstract:
Abstract. Photo-oxidation products from the reaction of a series of alkyl-benzenes, (benzene, toluene, p-xylene and 1,3,5-trimethyl-benzene) with hydroxyl radicals in the presence of NOx have been investigated using comprehensive gas chromatography (GCXGC). A GCXGC system has been developed which utilises valve modulation and independent separations as a function of both volatility and polarity. A number of carbonyl-type compounds were identified during a series of reactions carried out at the European Photoreactor (EUPHORE), a large volume outdoor reaction chamber in Valencia, Spain. Two litr
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50

Abaev, V. T., I. A. Profatilova, A. V. Butin, V. V. Mel’chin, and A. A. Bumber. "Studies of oxidation of the 9-furylnaphtho[2,3-b]furan derivatives." Russian Journal of General Chemistry 76, no. 12 (2006): 1948–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1070363206120218.

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