Academic literature on the topic 'Levels of fear'

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Journal articles on the topic "Levels of fear"

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Burkhardt, Käthe, Helene Loxton, and Peter Muris. "Fears and Fearfulness in South-African Children." Behaviour Change 20, no. 2 (2003): 94–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1375/bech.20.2.94.24837.

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AbstractThe present study examined common childhood fears in 9- to 13-year-old South-African children (N = 404) from white, coloured, and black cultural groups. Fears were assessed by means of two methods — the fear list method and the Fear Survey Schedule for Children-Revised (FSSC-R). Results showed that fear rank orders as obtained with the fear list method were quite different from those derived from the FSSC-R. Furthermore, clear differences in fear levels were found among the three cultural groups. More specifically, coloured and black South-African children displayed significantly highe
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Galt, Cynthia P., and Bert Hayslip. "Age Differences in Levels of Overt and Covert Death Anxiety." OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying 37, no. 3 (1998): 187–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/u0m0-bwmv-wf6f-u4dh.

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The current study explored the relationship between conscious (overt) and unconscious (covert) death anxiety and chronological age, wherein composite scores as well as factor scores were used in the comparison of younger and older adults. Results indicated that there were reliable age differences in both overt and covert levels of death fear. Contrary to previous literature, older adults evidenced higher levels of overt fear, while younger adults' covert fears were greater. These data further substantiate the distinction between overt and covert levels of death anxiety in adulthood, where cumu
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МОВЧАН, Михайло Миколайович. "РІВНІCТРАХУ І ФОБІЯ: ФІЛОСОФСЬКИЙ АНАЛІЗ". Філософські обрії, № 33 (16 липня 2015): 118–25. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20386.

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The article examines fear as an important part of human existence. Showing the level of fear for his intensity (anxiety, fright, dread, fear, horror, panic). Anxiety – objectless fear is caused by human imagination or thought about the possible adverse outcome. Anxiety unique to humans. Fright – intermittent be strong emotional experience, as a reaction to a sudden, unexpected danger. Dread – is the primary form of fear, resulting in indecisive assessing a situation that can cause fear. Fear – state that expresses the uncertainty in search of safety, which is due  
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Tulga, Ahmet Yiğitalp. "INFLUENCE OF VARIOUS MEDIA SOURCES ON THE FEAR OF TERRORISM: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF JAPAN AND TAIWAN." Doğu Asya Araştırmaları Dergisi 8, no. 15 (2025): 1–18. https://doi.org/10.59114/dasad.1553272.

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This study examines the relationship between media consumption and fear of terrorism in Japan and Taiwan, two countries that experience low exposure to terrorism yet exhibit high levels of fear regarding terrorism. The analysis investigates the effects of active media sources (such as newspapers and the internet) and passive media sources (such as television, radio, and social media) on fear of terrorism, using data from the seventh wave of the World Values Survey. Ordered Logistic Regression (OLR) analysis was conducted on data from 1,273 participants in Japan and 1,221 participants in Taiwan
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Lim, Soomin, Namki Choi, and Seonmi Kim. "Analysis and Consideration of Factors for Predicting Cooperation Levels in Pediatric Dentistry." JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN ACADEMY OF PEDTATRIC DENTISTRY 51, no. 3 (2024): 229–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5933/jkapd.2024.51.3.229.

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This study aimed to evaluate various factors related to cooperation levels in pediatric dentistry and determine their correlation with children’s cooperation during dental treatments. This study included one hundred children and their guardians who visited the dental hospital at the Chonnam National University. Children and their guardians completed surveys regarding dental fear, dental caries experience, dental treatment experience, temperament, and guardians’ dental anxiety, as well as the background characteristics of the children. Based on these data, factors associated with children’s coo
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Sabourin, Brigitte, Sherry Stewart, and Margo Watt. "Fear of Fear Influences Physical Exercise Levels in Young Adult Women." Canadian Journal of Diabetes 37 (April 2013): S279. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcjd.2013.03.312.

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Cougle, Jesse R., Berta J. Summers, Ashleigh M. Harvey, Kirsten H. Dillon, and Nicholas P. Allan. "Contamination-Focused Exposure as a Treatment for Disgust-Based Fears: A Preliminary Test in Spider-Fearful Women." Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy 44, no. 6 (2016): 640–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1352465816000333.

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Background: Disgust is thought to play a prominent role in multiple anxiety disorders and fears, including spider phobia, though little attention has been given to specific treatment strategies that may be effective for multiple disgust-based fears. Aims: In the present study, we evaluated contamination-focused exposure as a potential transdiagnostic treatment strategy for disgust-based fears in a spider fearful sample. Method: Women with significant spider fear were randomized to three 30-minute sessions of exposure therapy involving repeated contact with a dirt mixture (n=17) or a waitlist c
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Widiartha Wahyudi, Mariza Fitriati, Prananda Surya Airlangga, and Bambang Pujo Semedi. "Preoperative anxiety and plasma adrenaline levels changes in caesarean section with spinal anesthesia: a literature review." Bali Medical Journal 13, no. 3 (2024): 1002–8. https://doi.org/10.15562/bmj.v13i3.5299.

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Anxiety is a subjective condition of emotional unease, anguish, apprehension, or fearful concern accompanied by somatic and autonomic symptoms that impairs functioning or activity is called anxiety. Different epidemiological research showed that preoperative anxiety varied among patients undergoing surgery including caesarean section. Anxiety and fears such as anxiousness, worry of not waking up from anesthesia, worry of pain following surgery, and fear of dying can all affect patients who are scheduled for surgery. This literature review aims to comprehend preoperative anxiety and plasma adre
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Kiyani, Amber, Syed Hamza Zia, Kanwal Sohail, Zarnab Rizwan, and Ghina Rizwan. "The Effect of Fear of COVID-19 on Dental Anxiety Levels." Journal of the Pakistan Dental Association 31, no. 02 (2022): 95–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.25301/jpda.312.95.

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OBJECTIVE: Dental anxiety can be adversely affected by pandemics like corona virus. Most patients have preferred to defer their dental appointments and that patients generally neglect their health in epidemics. The investigation was carried out to determine the effect of the current coronavirus pandemic on dental anxiety by comparing through and post 1st wave of pandemic dental anxiety scores. METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional study was conducted on the Pakistani population using online surveys from June to August 2020. A total of 681 participants were recruited. Standardized and validated questi
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Palacios Alarcon, Ronny David, and Jardel Coutinho Dos Santos. "Exploring the causes of fear of foreign language learning: A pre-service case study." Arandu UTIC 12, no. 1 (2025): 573–89. https://doi.org/10.69639/arandu.v12i1.627.

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Fear is a crucial variable that influences either positively or indirectly the acquisition of foreign languages, usually among teachers of language preservation. This research aims to explore the causes of fear in learning English as a foreign language (EFL) and how it manages to impact both on teaching and on the acquisition of the foreign language. The mixed method collected data from 19 participants who offered their services through surveys, interviews, and classroom observations. The results indicate that the most common fears a student may experience through language acquisition are fear
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Levels of fear"

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Karlsson, Samuel. "Levels of Fear, level design för skräckspels genren." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för teknik och estetik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-21914.

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This article is meant to work as a resource for a level designer looking to create a level for a horror game.  To achieve this the article will go through the different components that a level designer needs to keep in mind when designing for the horror genre. But also how to use the design perspective emotional design (Van Gorp & Adams, 2012) to create a level that fulfills the goals a level in a horror game strives to fulfill. This is to build up a feeling of fear and make the player feel the emotion of horror. But how can a level designer with the help of  emotional design create specif
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Sorrell, John T. "Effects of pain and fear stimulus intensity levels on pain responding in chronic pain patients." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2000. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=1712.

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Thesis (M.A.)--West Virginia University, 2000.<br>Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains viii, 61 p. : ill. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 23-27).
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Bals, Julia. "Levels of Perineuronal Nets in the Basolateral Amygdala Are Correlated with Sex Differences in Fear Learning." Thesis, Boston College, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/bc-ir:107495.

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Thesis advisor: John P. Christianson<br>Trauma and exposure to extreme stressors greatly increases a person’s vulnerability to developing mental illnesses like post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Patients with PTSD often have impaired fear and safety learning, and despite the fact that women are more than twice as likely to develop PTSD, much of the research on this disorder has relied on the use of male subjects. This paper will review potential contributors to the sex differences seen in PTSD and fear-related learning. Our group has found that female rats show greater fear discrimination
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Cho-Young, Danielle. "Understanding Fear of Falling Levels in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Mixed Methods Study." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/39139.

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Background: Fear of falling is now recognized as an independent fall risk factor due to its prevalence in older adults. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to gain a better understanding of fear of falling levels in community-dwelling older adults before and after attending a fall prevention clinic. Methods: An explanatory sequential mixed methods design was used. The Falls Efficacy Scale-International (FES-I) tool assessed fear of falling levels before and after attending a fall prevention clinic (n=32). Semi-structured interviews were then conducted in a sample of these participants (n
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Overeem, Kathie. "Retrograde signalling within fear neurocircuitry: Nitric oxide signalling from the lateral nucleus of the amygdala regulates thalamic EGR-1 mediated alterations of presynaptic protein levels during auditory fear conditioning." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Psychology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/3212.

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Previous research has shown that nitric oxide signalling in the lateral nucleus of the amygdala is required for the consolidation of Pavlovian conditioned fear. Given the evidence that nitric oxide can act as a retrograde signalling molecule in in vitro models of memory consolidation the question arises whether this is also occurring within behavioural memory models? Using auditory fear conditioning this research shows that nitric oxide does indeed act as retrograde signalling molecule in the fear system. Its synthesis in the lateral nucleus of the amygdala regulates conditioning induced expre
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Germano, Ken. "Perceptions of Fear of Falling in Older Adults." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/6898.

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Many adults are afraid of falling. While aging can affect one'€™s physical and cognitive abilities related to fear of falling (FOF), research has revealed that FOF increases risk of falls and adversely affects independence levels among older adults. The purpose of this study was to explore older adults'€™ perceptions of FOF and risk of falling. Guided by the health belief model, the research questions focused on older adults'€™ perceptions of FOF, contributing factors of FOF, and how FOF may affect independence levels. How older adults perceive FOF, and how FOF may affect an individual older a
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Carinena, Ana. "Freedom to Vote in Kenya: Effects of Perceived Corruption, Levels of Political Trust, and Fear of Political Violence and Intimidation." TopSCHOLAR®, 2011. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/303.

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To understand attitudes about voting in Kenya, this study examines Kenyan voters’ feelings of freedom to vote according to their own will and without pressure. More specifically it seeks to determine the extent to which these feelings are affected by 1) perception of corruption, 2) levels of trust in the government, 3) fear of political violence and intimidation, and 4) ethnic identity. Rational choice theory and an insideroutsider perspective are applied to examine the issue from a theoretical framework. Previous research conducted in relation to voting behavior and perception of corruption,
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Mueller, Erik M. [Verfasser], and Jan [Akademischer Betreuer] Wacker. "From the Cell to the Brain – Fear and Anxiety across the Levels of Neuroscience / Erik M. Mueller. Betreuer: Jan Wacker." Marburg : Philipps-Universität Marburg, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1014851688/34.

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Howard, Ruth. "The psychological impact of violence towards staff working with adults with intellectual disabilities : the relationship between levels of violence, burnout, self-efficacy, staff support, fear of violence and coping." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.434706.

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Ellis, Samantha. "The effect of distraction on fear reduction during In Vivo exposure for Spider-fearful individuals: Exploring the relationship between fear level and distraction load." Thesis, Ellis, Samantha (2012) The effect of distraction on fear reduction during In Vivo exposure for Spider-fearful individuals: Exploring the relationship between fear level and distraction load. Professional Doctorate thesis, Murdoch University, 2012. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/9467/.

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Exposure-based therapy is currently the treatment of choice for a number of specific phobias (Antony & Barlow, 2002). While a myriad of studies have been conducted investigating exposure characteristics, such as frequency and duration, or comparing exposure to other forms of treatment, few studies have investigated the mechanisms of change underlying fear reduction. The emotional processing model (Foa & Kozak, 1986, 1998) claims that full attention to the feared stimulus during exposure is required for fear reduction to take place. However, some studies have found that directing attention away
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Books on the topic "Levels of fear"

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Landsberg, Judd Warren. Effect of manipulating intraamygdala levels of cGMP on fear conditioning. s.n.], 1996.

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McNerney, Gerald. Terrorism and fear, enter the third level. Storm Pub., 1993.

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1952-, Burns Michael E., ed. Low-level radioactive waste regulation: Science, politics, and fear. Lewis Publishers, 1988.

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Urrutia Sánchez, Elena. 10 didactic activities for intermediate english classes. Universidad de La Salle. Ediciones Unisalle, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.19052/9789585136441.

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This book has been created for both intermediate English students and their English teachers, who will be able to find a variety of activities to complement their English classes. Although this book has been particularly designed for Intermediate English levels and academic spaces at the Licenciatura en Lengua Castellana, Inglés y Francés, such as Language and Communication I II, Language Interaction and Anglophone Society I II, and even Pedagogical Practicum and Formative Research, it can be adapted to several other levels of mastery of the language, as well as to a wide range of educational
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Shunenkov, Denis, Aleksey Hudyakov, and Elena Ivanova. Features of gelotophobia (fear of ridicule) in neurotic mental disorders. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2063441.

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The monograph provides a theoretical analysis of the currently available information about the peculiarities of the fear of ridicule (gelotophobia) and associated phenomena: the tendency to expose oneself as an object of humor and laughter (gelotophilia) and the tendency to ridicule others (catagelasticism). The article describes the clinical and psychological features of the fear of ridicule in patients with neurotic disorders of organic and functional origin. The necessity of developing and implementing psychocorrective and psychotherapeutic programs in the complex therapy of neurotic mental
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Signoli, Michel, Dominique Chevé, Pascal Adalian, Gilles Boetsch, and Olivier Dutour, eds. Peste: entre épidemies et sociétés. Firenze University Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-8453-489-7.

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Epidemics take place because human societies expect them and in this anticipation they adopt disturbed patterns of behaviour, disorder and violence that are dictated by fear. This behaviour leaves its traces in the biological, historical and iconographic archives, which the anthropologist can investigate in a diachronic manner. The interpretation of these patterns of social behaviour, over time and in relation to place, offers tools for investigating the present, even at global level (according to the formula of Geerz) enabling an exploration of how biological and cultural variables affect the
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Mallory, James Russell. Fear God and walk humbly: The agricultural journal of James Mallory, 1843-1877. University of Alabama Press, 1997.

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Jak, Sable. 5 Levels of Fear. Aural Stage Studios and Blackstone Audio, 2017.

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Clasen, Mathias. Fear for Your Life. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190666507.003.0005.

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Why are so many people attracted to horror given its well-documented negative psychological effects, such as increased vigilance and sleep disruptions? In attempting to explain the paradox of horror, this chapter argues that the appetite for horror is an adaptation designed to give us experience with negative emotion at high levels of intensity. Fiction in general provides a framework for emotionally and cognitively engaging simulation at low cost and risk. That is why the human appetite for fiction evolved. Horror specifically gives us vicarious experience with threat scenarios, like nightmar
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Nicolay, E. M. Discovering Your Essence Path, Book Two : Fear, Faith And Physical Reality: A Handbook To Higher Levels Of Spiritual Guidance. CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform, 2009.

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Book chapters on the topic "Levels of fear"

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Hughes, David A. "Fear and Threat." In “Covid-19,” Psychological Operations, and the War for Technocracy. Springer International Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-41850-1_4.

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AbstractWestern governments have long used manufactured fear as a means of keeping the population susceptible to propaganda. A “pandemic” is a powerful fear concept; yet, there is no credible evidence of a viral pandemic in 2020. “Covid-19” does not meet any credible (pre-2009) definition of a “pandemic,” and attempts to present “Covid-19” as a new “Spanish flu” are bogus. The exaggerated threat of “Covid-19” was a function of military-grade propaganda, emanating from governments and the media, involving a barrage of terrifying images, messages, and “alert levels.” The BBC played a particularl
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Fabiansson, Charlotte. "Interconnectedness between structural and agency levels' beliefs and values." In The Experience and Fear of Violence in the Public Realm. Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003385813-6.

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Liao, Dan, Yanping Huang, Zhizhen Tan, Jiong Yang, and Xiangmin Xu. "Design of Virtual Reality Scenes with Variable Levels of Fear Evocation." In Virtual, Augmented and Mixed Reality: Applications in Health, Cultural Heritage, and Industry. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-91584-5_9.

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Armitage, Rachel. "The Impact of Surveillance on Levels of Crime and Fear of Crime." In Crime Prevention through Housing Design. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137316059_8.

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Armitage, Rachel. "The Impact of House Design on Levels of Crime and Fear of Crime." In Crime Prevention through Housing Design. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137316059_6.

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Armitage, Rachel. "The Impact of Road Layout on Levels of Crime and Fear of Crime." In Crime Prevention through Housing Design. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137316059_7.

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Armitage, Rachel. "The Impact of Car Parking Design on Levels of Crime and Fear of Crime." In Crime Prevention through Housing Design. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137316059_9.

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Habe, Katarina, and Michele Biasutti. "15. Theoretical and Practical Challenges in Dealing with Music Performance Anxiety." In Psychological Perspectives on Musical Experiences and Skills. Open Book Publishers, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.11647/obp.0389.15.

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Of all the psychological problems faced by musicians, music performance anxiety (MPA) is the most prevalent at all levels. MPA emerges at early ages with a fear of performing in front of others that can persist throughout life; even some elite musicians regularly cope with it. In this chapter, we discuss terminology, contemporary models, and contributions to the understanding of MPA offered by studies in the Western Balkans. MPA is a complex, multifaceted issue that contains several aspects and challenges. We address prevention and intervention approaches, reconsidering MPA as pre-performance
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"The Deeper Levels of the Law." In A Well-Founded Fear. Routledge, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203900000-18.

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Farrall, Stephen, and Susanne Karstedt. "The Anxieties of the Marketplace." In Respectable Citizens - Shady Practices. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199595037.003.0007.

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The fear of crime is a core topic of criminology. This chapter explores the characteristics of fear of crimes in the marketplace. It is the wealthier members of society who are worried about crime in the marketplace, unlike other crime fears (such as burglary), which are held by poorer people. The chapter then models fear of crime in the marketplace using structural equation modelling. It then analyses the fear of crime as a driver of attitudes and behaviour, thus modelling the consequences of fear rather than fear as an outcome. The findings suggest that people with higher levels of fear beco
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Conference papers on the topic "Levels of fear"

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Kushwah, Rajvardhan Singh, Sumit Patel, and Avisha Peters. "Manifestation of Atychiphobia: Fear of Failure in Teenagers." In Transforming Knowledge: A Multidisciplinary Research on Integrative Learning Across Disciplines. The Bhopal School of Social Sciences, 2025. https://doi.org/10.51767/ic250425.

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Fear is a natural emotion that manifests in various forms, one of which is the fear of failure, also known as atychiphobia. This fear is a powerful and overwhelming feeling that affects both the mind and body, often limiting individuals' ability to perform and grow. It diminishes selfconfidence and poses significant obstacles to personal and professional advancement. The current study focuses on exploring the prevalence and impact of the fear of failure among college students aged 18 to 22. A descriptive study was conducted among 20 students from The Bhopal School of Social Sciences using a co
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Xiong, Lin, and Kosmas Smyrnios. "Social, Cultural, and Environmental Drivers of International Students’ Fear of Crime: A Cognitive Behavioral Perspective." In International Association of Cross Cultural Psychology Congress. International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4087/dqxl4182.

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This investigation develops and tests an hypothesised Cognitive Behavioral Fear of Crime Model. Mass media reports of crimes against international students have raised public awareness, questions about racially-oriented victimization, and the need for appropriate preventative strategies. Drawing upon Culture Shock Theory, this study proposes that international students are a vulnerable group, showing elevated levels of fear of crime, perceived risk, and avoidance behaviors. Five-hundred and ninety-one international students across four universities participated in either an online or hardcopy
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Castañeda Ordóñez, Liseth Sarai, Viridiana Peláez Hernández, Diana Everanda Torres Gómez, et al. "Sleep disorders between COVID-19 survivors with different levels of fear of COVID." In ERS International Congress 2023 abstracts. European Respiratory Society, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2023.pa3826.

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Zumberga, Rita K., and Maija Zakrizevska-Belogrudova. "Supervision Opportunities in Overcoming the Fear of Failure, Increasing Self-efficacy and Professional Achievement." In 16th International Scientific Conference "Rural Environment. Education. Personality. (REEP)". Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies. Faculty of Engineering. Institute of Education and Home Economics, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/reep.2023.16.021.

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Data suggest that, globally, an average of 40-50% of entrepreneurs and their management teams experience various types of fear of failure (FF), which is currently reinforced by the high levelsof uncertainty. Combined with the external circumstances, these factors create substantial barriers, echoes in the relationship between human resources and influences individual self-efficacy (SE), evaluation of opportunities, and the levels of mental health. Although psychologists emphasize that, in the sample of entrepreneurs, FF may transform into a stimulus and a factor that increases motivation, the
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Gonzalez, Daniel S., Angelo D. Moro, Christian Quintero, and Wilson J. Sarmiento. "Fear levels in virtual environments, an approach to detection and experimental user stimuli sensation." In 2016 XXI Symposium on Signal Processing, Images and Artificial Vision (STSIVA). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/stsiva.2016.7743323.

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Wong, Jessica M., Adam L. Halberstadt, Humberto A. Sainz, et al. "Mild Traumatic Brain Injury From Repeated Low-Level Blast Exposures." In ASME 2015 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2015-53542.

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Recent studies on military breachers in training environments suggest that there are neurocognitive risks from exposure to repeated low-level blasts. However, the dose accumulation effects from multiple low-level blast exposures and their relation to mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) are not well understood. This paper presents a controlled neurobehavioral study of behavioral effects from repeated low-level blasts delivered at ten second intervals using a rat model. A custom designed shock tube was developed to deliver repeated low-level blasts to rats at short intervals on the order of secon
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Grigaliunaite, Viktorija, Ausra Pažeraite, and Mantautas Rackauskas. "The determination of the impact of emotional advertising appeals on willingness to recycle." In 23rd International Scientific Conference. “Economic Science for Rural Development 2022”. Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies. Faculty of Economics and Social Development, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/esrd.2022.56.002.

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The importance of recycling is undeniable for the circular economy and it is one of the main strategies for waste minimization. Therefore, effectively performed encouragement of recycling becomes urgent. Social advertising that promotes recycling is one of the methods to encourage society to reach higher levels of recycling. Thus, it is of interest to determine whether a negative appeal (fear) or a positive appeal (joy) makes a bigger impact on willingness to recycle. Yet, this has rarely been studied directly. Therefore, the scientific problem solved in the article is: how does joy and fear a
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"FEAR OF COVID-19 AMONG BULGARIAN HEALTHCARE WORKERS AND RECOVERED PATIENTS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC." In RAD Conference. RAD Centre, Niš, Serbia, 2024. https://doi.org/10.21175/radproc.2024.13.

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The COVID-19 pandemic made a significant impact on global psychological wellbeing. To investigate the impact of COVID-19 on different groups’ behavior, the current study assessed fear of COVID-19, anxiety, depression and sleep quality among medical professionals and patients. The study was proceeding during the period February- June 2021 following the highest number of pandemic-related deaths in Bulgaria. The fear predicted elevated levels of anxiety, depression, and sleep quality were assessed. Purpose: The aim of the study is to assess fear of COVID-19 among frontline healthcare workers in c
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Li, Ruiyu, Yue Li, and Chenyu Zhang. "Effects of reducing blood sugar and preventing deafness prescription on SOD and MDA levels in mice with “fear of kidney injury” model." In 2020 7th International Conference on Information Science and Control Engineering (ICISCE). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icisce50968.2020.00118.

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Kunze, Jay F., and Gary M. Sandquist. "Low-Level Health Effects of Radiation: Nuclear Engineering Obligations." In 2014 22nd International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone22-31106.

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It has been more than 30 years since the publication of data on health effects of low level began to appear in the scientific literature. Now, this extensive data bank clearly shows that the long-taught and utilized “Linear No-Threshold” (LNT) hypothesis is invalid and misleading at levels below 0.2 Sv (20 REM) per year. Below these levels, health and longevity are actually improved. Yet the imbedded and pervasive fear of low levels of radiation has resulted in planned and implemented nuclear plant shutdowns and eventual decommissioning, and has even affected the medical community regarding in
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Reports on the topic "Levels of fear"

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Pairis, Monique, Ann Young, Suzanne T. Millman, Jill Garvey, and Anna K. Johnson. Can Fear Be Effectively Assessed in Swine? A Study Measuring Fear Levels during a Human Approach Test. Iowa State University, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/ans_air-180814-927.

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Jungbluth, Madelyn G. The Neural Correlates of Comorbid Depressive Symptoms and PTSD. Journal of Young Investigators, 2025. https://doi.org/10.22186/jyi.28.5.1.1.

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Individuals with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) often also experience depression. The way people learn and remember things, especially how to differentiate between threatening and safe contexts, may be intricately intertwined with both PTSD and depression. Previous research has utilized fear conditioning paradigms to examine how individuals with these disorders learn to associate and remember cues that predict threat and safety in different contexts. Past studies suggest that fear-based learning and memory are associated with the activation of the hippocampus and amygdala. The purpose of
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Mesquita Moreira, Mauricio. Fear of China: Is There a Future for Manufacturing in Latin America? Inter-American Development Bank, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0011316.

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China's emergence has raised pointed questions about the future of manufacturing in Latin America. Once saw as its economic future, the viability of this activity in the region has long been challenged by traditional trade theory and, in practical terms, by at least three generations of Asian Tigers. China and its "unlimited supply of labor", rapid productivity growth, scale, and extremely interventionist state has brought the practical challenge to unprecedented levels. This paper, using mainly descriptive production and trade statistics, looks at the nature of this challenge and its implicat
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Oosterom, Marjoke, and Ludovico Alcorta. Social Protection and Conflict-Sensitivity Directions for Mozambique. Institute of Development Studies, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ids.2024.030.

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This report contains an overview of the main conflict-sensitive concerns for social protection programmes and implementation modalities in Mozambique at the regional, local, and programme levels. Key concerns include issues around: (1) targeting, registration, and payment issues due to errors and delays and/or lack of understanding of eligibility criteria, and dynamics between host and displaced communities; (2) inadequate complaint and grievance mechanisms; (3) limited coordination between implementing actors; (4) insecurity caused by the NSAG; (5) fear and trauma reported by staff and benefi
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Wathtuwa-Durayalage, Sudeshika. Impact of Civilizational Populism on Intergroup Emotions, Social Cohesion, and Civility in the UK. European Center for Populism Studies (ECPS), 2025. https://doi.org/10.55271/jps000115.

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This study investigates the impact of civilizational populism on intergroup emotions, social cohesion, and civility in the United Kingdom using quantitative analysis of British Social Attitudes Survey (BSA) 2021 data. The findings reveal significant correlations between exposure to populist rhetoric and heightened negative emotions, such as fear and anger, toward ethnoreligious and political minorities (r = 0.56). While political affiliation demonstrates a weaker direct influence (r = 0.14), perceptions of migration as culturally and economically beneficial are strongly associated with higher
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Barradas, Ricardo. Why are (financialised) workers becoming more resigned and conformist and less claimants? Empirical evidence for Portugal. DINÂMIA'CET-Iscte, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.15847/dinamiacet-iul.wp.2023.03.

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The deregulation and flexibilisation of labour relations has been on the active neoliberal agenda of policymakers all over the world, including in Portugal. Against this backdrop, labour conditions have been worsening since the 1970s and 1980s, and workers have progressively lost some labour rights, which is noticeable in stagnant (or falling) wages, the rise of personal income inequalities, the proliferation of atypical work, the increase of precariousness, the surge of emotional abuses in the workplace, the deterioration of work–life balance and the spread of informal work. Nonetheless, work
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Ahrenshop, Mats. Tax Earmarking and Political Participation: Theory and Evidence from Ghana Download (653.85 kB). Institute of Development Studies, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ictd.2024.052.

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In many countries in recent decades, the practice of earmarking (that is, raising and allocating) particular taxes for specific benefits is widespread (McCleary 1991; Wagner 1991; Wilkinson 1994; Hsiung 2001). It is often promoted by international financial organisations to enhance fiscal transparency and is sometimes even a pre-condition for loan programmes in many developing countries with high levels of corruption and low levels of government accountability (Teja 1988; IMF 2007). However, recent literature has argued that earmarking (or hypothecation) can be an inefficient fiscal tool. Earm
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Etu, Egbe-Etu, Imokhai Tenebe, Ankur Parma, et al. Twilytics: A Social Perception Analysis of Public Transit Systems during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Mineta Transportation Institute, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2022.2210.

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In the United States, public transit ridership in 2020 declined by 79% compared to 2019 levels. With lockdowns implemented during the early days of the pandemic, direct human-to-human interactions migrated to virtual platforms (e.g., Facebook, Twitter, and Reddit). Social media platforms have aided researchers in answering numerous questions about current societal dilemmas, including COVID-19. This study investigates the public’s perception of transit systems via a social media analysis given the emergence of vaccines and other COVID-19 preventive measures. Findings revealed themes of fear and
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Wolstenholme, Claire, and Jozef Sen. Minority ethnic male university students’ perceptions of and preferences for mental health and wellbeing support services at Sheffield Hallam University. Sheffield Hallam University, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.7190/steer/mental_health_support.

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University support services are often underutilised by ethnic minority male students. This research aimed to identify the perceptions of ethnic minority male students around using university mental health support services, including the barriers and facilitators to utilisation. The project used Listening Rooms for data collection, whereby participants pair up and undertake a recorded conversation based around talking points pertaining to the project. Fourteen pairs (n=28) participated in conversations. A round table analysis of the data took place, followed by further thematic analysis on the
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Brzoska, Michael, Wuyi Omitoogun, and Elisabeth Sköns. The Human Security Case for Military Expenditure Reductions. Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55163/tmrz9944.

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Global military expenditure has reached record levels. At the same time, hundreds of millions of people face non-traditional ‘vital’ risks and threats to their security—threats to their lives, livelihoods and dignity. Accelerating climate change and growing loss of biodiversity add unprecedented urgency to investing in people’s security. The concept of human security, as explained in this paper, emphasizes the security of people without neglecting the security of states and state order. The human security approach stresses the necessity to balance the financial needs from all vital risks and t
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