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Journal articles on the topic 'Mycobacterial Proteins - Structural Analysis'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 6 September 2023

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1

Ung, Kien Lam, Chloé Poussineau, Julie Couston, Husam M. A. B. Alsarraf, and Mickaël Blaise. "Crystal structure of MAB_4123, a putative flavin-dependent monooxygenase from Mycobacterium abscessus." Acta Crystallographica Section F Structural Biology Communications 79, no. 5 (2023): 128–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053230x2300345x.

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Numerous bacteria from different phylae can perform desulfurization reactions of organosulfur compounds. In these degradation or detoxification pathways, two-component flavin-dependent monooxygenases that use flavins (FMN or FAD) as a cofactor play important roles as they catalyse the first steps of these metabolic routes. The TdsC or DszC and MsuC proteins belong to this class of enzymes as they process dibenzothiophene (DBT) and methanesulfinate. Elucidation of their X-ray structures in apo, ligand-bound and cofactor-bound forms has provided important molecular insights into their catalytic

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Imkamp, Frank, Michal Ziemski, and Eilika Weber-Ban. "Pupylation-dependent and -independent proteasomal degradation in mycobacteria." Biomolecular Concepts 6, no. 4 (2015): 285–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bmc-2015-0017.

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AbstractBacteria make use of compartmentalizing protease complexes, similar in architecture but not homologous to the eukaryotic proteasome, for the selective and processive removal of proteins. Mycobacteria as members of the actinobacteria harbor proteasomes in addition to the canonical bacterial degradation complexes. Mycobacterial proteasomal degradation, although not essential during normal growth, becomes critical for survival under particular environmental conditions, like, for example, during persistence of the pathogenic Mycobacterium tuberculosis in host macrophages or of environmenta

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3

Herrmann, Jean Louis, Robin Delahay, Alex Gallagher, Brian Robertson, and Douglas Young. "Analysis of post-translational modification of mycobacterial proteins using a cassette expression system." FEBS Letters 473, no. 3 (2000): 358–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0014-5793(00)01553-2.

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4

Watkins, Harriet A., and Edward N. Baker. "Structural and Functional Analysis of Rv3214 from Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a Protein with Conflicting Functional Annotations, Leads to Its Characterization as a Phosphatase." Journal of Bacteriology 188, no. 10 (2006): 3589–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.188.10.3589-3599.2006.

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ABSTRACT The availability of complete genome sequences has highlighted the problems of functional annotation of the many gene products that have only limited sequence similarity with proteins of known function. The predicted protein encoded by open reading frame Rv3214 from the Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv genome was originally annotated as EntD through sequence similarity with the Escherichia coli EntD, a 4′-phosphopantetheinyl transferase implicated in siderophore biosynthesis. An alternative annotation, based on slightly higher sequence identity, grouped Rv3214 with proteins of the cofa

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5

Lewtak, Kinga, Paulina Czaplewska, Jerzy Wydrych, et al. "Antimycobacterial Activity of Sida hermaphrodita (L.) Rusby (Malvaceae) Seed Extract." Cells 12, no. 3 (2023): 397. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells12030397.

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The current prevalence of such lifestyle diseases as mycobacteriosis and tuberculosis is a result of the growing resistance of microorganisms to the available antibiotics and their significant toxicity. Therefore, plants can successfully become a source of new therapeutic agents. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of protein extract from Sida hermaphrodita seeds on the morphology, structure, and viability of Mycobacterium smegmatis and to carry out proteomic characterization of the protein extract. The analyses were carried out using fluorescence and transmission microscopy, a

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Damen, Merel P. M., Trang H. Phan, Roy Ummels, Alba Rubio-Canalejas, Wilbert Bitter, and Edith N. G. Houben. "Modification of a PE/PPE substrate pair reroutes an Esx substrate pair from the mycobacterial ESX-1 type VII secretion system to the ESX-5 system." Journal of Biological Chemistry 295, no. 18 (2020): 5960–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.ra119.011682.

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Bacterial type VII secretion systems secrete a wide range of extracellular proteins that play important roles in bacterial viability and in interactions of pathogenic mycobacteria with their hosts. Mycobacterial type VII secretion systems consist of five subtypes, ESX-1–5, and have four substrate classes, namely, Esx, PE, PPE, and Esp proteins. At least some of these substrates are secreted as heterodimers. Each ESX system mediates the secretion of a specific set of Esx, PE, and PPE proteins, raising the question of how these substrates are recognized in a system-specific fashion. For the PE/P

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Bajpai, Urmi, Abhishek Kumar Mehta, Kandasamy Eniyan, et al. "Isolation and characterization of bacteriophages from India, with lytic activity againstMycobacterium tuberculosis." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 64, no. 7 (2018): 483–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjm-2017-0387.

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Bacteriophages are being considered as a promising natural resource for the development of alternative strategies against mycobacterial diseases, especially in the context of the wide-spread occurrence of drug resistance among the clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. However, there is not much information documented on mycobacteriophages from India. Here, we report the isolation of 17 mycobacteriophages using Mycobacterium smegmatis as the bacterial host, where 9 phages also lyse M. tuberculosis H37Rv. We present detailed analysis of one of these mycobacteriophages — PDRPv. Transmi

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Schneider, Cristopher Z., Tanya Parish, Luiz A. Basso, and Diógenes S. Santos. "The Two Chorismate Mutases from both Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium smegmatis: Biochemical Analysis and Limited Regulation of Promoter Activity by Aromatic Amino Acids." Journal of Bacteriology 190, no. 1 (2007): 122–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.01332-07.

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ABSTRACT Chorismate mutase (CM) catalyzes the rearrangement of chorismate to prephenate in the biosynthetic pathway that forms phenylalanine and tyrosine in bacteria, fungi, plants, and apicomplexan parasites. Since this enzyme is absent from mammals, it represents a promising target for the development of new antimycobacterial drugs, which are needed to combat Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of tuberculosis. Until recently, two putative open reading frames (ORFs), Rv0948c and Rv1885c, showing low sequence similarity to CMs have been described as “conserved hypothetical protein

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Gangwar, Shanti P., Sita R. Meena, and Ajay K. Saxena. "Comparison of four different crystal forms of theMycobacterium tuberculosisESX-1 secreted protein regulator EspR." Acta Crystallographica Section F Structural Biology Communications 70, no. 4 (2014): 433–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053230x14004166.

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TheMycobacterium tuberculosisESX-1 secreted protein regulator (EspR, Rv3849) is the key protein that delivers bacterial proteins into the host cell during mycobacterial infection. EspR binds directly to theespACDoperon and is involved in transcriptional activation. In the current study,M. tuberculosisEspR has been crystallized and its X-ray structure has been determined at 3.3 Å resolution in aP3221 crystal form. EspR forms a physiological dimer in the crystal. Each EspR monomer contains an N-terminal helix–turn–helix DNA-binding domain and a C-terminal dimerization domain. The EspR structure

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10

Sandhu, Padmani, Monika Kumari, Kamal Naini, and Yusuf Akhter. "Genome scale identification, structural analysis, and classification of periplasmic binding proteins from Mycobacterium tuberculosis." Current Genetics 63, no. 3 (2016): 553–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00294-016-0664-5.

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11

Jain, Preeti. "Understanding Chromosome Replication and Segregation Unit of Mycobacterium and Its Comparative Analysis with Model Organisms: From Drug Targets to Drug Identification." Journal of Cellular Signaling 4, no. 2 (2023): 78–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.33696/signaling.4.094.

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Bacterium maintains its pathogenicity in the host by continuing replication and adopting temporal and spatial coordination of cell division steps such as cell wall synthesis, DNA replication, chromosome segregation, Z ring assembly, septum formation and finally cytokinesis. This multistep process requires spatiotemporal assembly of macromolecular complexes and is probably regulated by redundant and multifunctional activities of cell replication and division proteins. Two macromolecular assemblies of peptidoglycan biosynthesis, known as elongasome and divisome are known to drive the division of

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Hassan, Sameer, Abhimita Debnath, Vasantha Mahalingam, and Luke Elizabeth Hanna. "Computational structural analysis of proteins of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and a resource for identifying off-targets." Journal of Molecular Modeling 18, no. 8 (2012): 3993–4004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00894-012-1412-5.

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13

Unciuleac, Mihaela-Carmen, Paul C. Smith, and Stewart Shuman. "Crystal Structure and Biochemical Characterization of a Mycobacterium smegmatis AAA-Type Nucleoside Triphosphatase Phosphohydrolase (Msm0858)." Journal of Bacteriology 198, no. 10 (2016): 1521–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.00905-15.

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ABSTRACTAAA proteins (ATPases associated with various cellular activities) use the energy of ATP hydrolysis to drive conformational changes in diverse macromolecular targets. Here, we report the biochemical characterization and 2.5-Å crystal structure of aMycobacterium smegmatisAAA protein Msm0858, the ortholog ofMycobacterium tuberculosisRv0435c. Msm0858 is a magnesium-dependent ATPase and is active with all nucleoside triphosphates (NTPs) and deoxynucleoside triphosphates (dNTPs) as substrates. The Msm0858 structure comprises (i) an N-terminal domain (amino acids [aa] 17 to 201) composed of

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Mazur, Andrii, Pavel Grinkevich, Radka Chaloupkova, et al. "Structural Analysis of the Ancestral Haloalkane Dehalogenase AncLinB-DmbA." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 21 (2021): 11992. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms222111992.

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Haloalkane dehalogenases (EC 3.8.1.5) play an important role in hydrolytic degradation of halogenated compounds, resulting in a halide ion, a proton, and an alcohol. They are used in biocatalysis, bioremediation, and biosensing of environmental pollutants and also for molecular tagging in cell biology. The method of ancestral sequence reconstruction leads to prediction of sequences of ancestral enzymes allowing their experimental characterization. Based on the sequences of modern haloalkane dehalogenases from the subfamily II, the most common ancestor of thoroughly characterized enzymes LinB f

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Gijsbers, Abril, Nuria Sánchez-Puig, Ye Gao, Peter J. Peters, Raimond B. G. Ravelli, and Dritan Siliqi. "Structural Analysis of the Partially Disordered Protein EspK from Mycobacterium tuberculosis." Crystals 11, no. 1 (2020): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst11010018.

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For centuries, tuberculosis has been a worldwide burden for human health, and gaps in our understanding of its pathogenesis have hampered the development of new treatments. ESX-1 is a complex machinery responsible for the secretion of virulence factors that manipulate the host response. Despite the importance of these secreted proteins for pathogenicity, only a few of them have been structurally and functionally characterised. Here, we describe a structural study of the ESX-secretion associated protein K (EspK), a 74 kDa protein known to be essential for the secretion of other substrates and t

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Trutneva, K. A., V. G. Avdienko, G. R. Demina, et al. "Immunoreactive Proteins of Dormant Mycobacterium tuberculosis Cells." Applied Biochemistry and Microbiology 57, no. 2 (2021): 170–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0003683821020174.

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Abstract The protein profile of dormant Mtb obtained after the gradual acidification of Mtb culture was studied to find antigenic proteins for humans that are expressed by M. tuberculosis (Mtb) cells in vitro under conditions close to the situation of persistence in vivo. According to 2D electrophoresis, a significant diversity of proteins in dormant cells was found. However, the representation of individual proteins in dormant versus active cells differed substantially. Immunoblotting in different protein fractions of dormant cells revealed ten proteins that are able to bind antibodies in poo

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Hassan, Sameer, Abhimita Debnath, Vasantha Mahalingam, and Luke Elizabeth Hanna. "Erratum to: Computational structural analysis of proteins of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and a resource for identifying off-targets." Journal of Molecular Modeling 18, no. 8 (2012): 4005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00894-012-1513-1.

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18

Asthana, Pooja, Dhirendra Singh, Jan Skov Pedersen, et al. "Structural insights into the substrate-binding proteins Mce1A and Mce4A from Mycobacterium tuberculosis." IUCrJ 8, no. 5 (2021): 757–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2052252521006199.

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Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), which is responsible for more than a million deaths annually, uses lipids as the source of carbon and energy for its survival in the latent phase of infection. Mtb cannot synthesize all of the lipid molecules required for its growth and pathogenicity. Therefore, it relies on transporters such as the mammalian cell entry (Mce) complexes to import lipids from the host across the cell wall. Despite their importance for the survival and pathogenicity of Mtb, information on the structural properties of these proteins is not yet available. Each of the four Mce compl

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19

Hernández-Guevara, Esteban, José A. Gutiérrez-Pabello, Kaina Quintero-Chávez, et al. "In Silico and In Vitro Analysis of MAP3773c Protein from Mycobacterium avium subsp. Paratuberculosis." Biology 11, no. 8 (2022): 1183. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology11081183.

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Paratuberculosis is a disease caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP). It is of great interest to better understand the proteins involved in the pathogenicity of this organism in order to be able to identify potential therapeutic targets and design new vaccines. The protein of interest–MAP3773c–was investigated, and molecular modeling in silico, docking, cloning, expression, purification, and partial characterization of the recombinant protein were achieved. In the in silico study, it was shown that MAP3773c of MAP has 34% sequence similarity with Mycobacterium tuberculosis

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20

Hegde, Subray S., Matthew W. Vetting, Lesley A. Mitchenall, Anthony Maxwell, and John S. Blanchard. "Structural and Biochemical Analysis of the Pentapeptide Repeat ProteinEfsQnr, a Potent DNA Gyrase Inhibitor." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 55, no. 1 (2010): 110–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.01158-10.

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ABSTRACTThe chromosomally encoded Qnr homolog protein fromEnterococcus faecalis(EfsQnr), when expressed, confers to its host a decreased susceptibility to quinolones and consists mainly of tandem repeats, which is consistent with belonging to the pentapeptide repeat family of proteins (PRPs).EfsQnr was cloned with an N-terminal 6× His tag and purified to homogeneity.EfsQnr partially protected DNA gyrase from fluoroquinolone inhibition at concentrations as low as 20 nM.EfsQnr inhibited the ATP-dependent supercoiling activity of DNA gyrase with a 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 1.2 μM, wh

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Phillips, Ida L., Lia Danelishvili, and Luiz E. Bermudez. "Macrophage Proteome Analysis at Different Stages of Mycobacterium avium Subspecies paratuberculosis Infection Reveals a Mechanism of Pathogen Dissemination." Proteomes 9, no. 2 (2021): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proteomes9020020.

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Johne’s disease is a chronic and usually fatal enteric infection of ruminants caused by Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) and is responsible for hundreds of millions of dollars in losses for the agricultural industry. Natural infection typically begins with bacterial uptake and translocation through the epithelium of the small intestine, followed by ingestion by tissue macrophages and dissemination via the lymphatic or blood system throughout the body. To gain insights into the host responses and adaptation of MAP within phagocytic cells, we utilized the previously develope

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Johnston, Jodie M., Vickery L. Arcus, Craig J. Morton, Michael W. Parker, and Edward N. Baker. "Crystal Structure of a Putative Methyltransferase from Mycobacterium tuberculosis: Misannotation of a Genome Clarified by Protein Structural Analysis." Journal of Bacteriology 185, no. 14 (2003): 4057–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.185.14.4057-4065.2003.

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ABSTRACT Bioinformatic analyses of whole genome sequences highlight the problem of identifying the biochemical and cellular functions of many gene products that are at present uncharacterized. The open reading frame Rv3853 from Mycobacterium tuberculosis has been annotated as menG and assumed to encode an S-adenosylmethionine (SAM)-dependent methyltransferase that catalyzes the final step in menaquinone biosynthesis. The Rv3853 gene product has been expressed, refolded, purified, and crystallized in the context of a structural genomics program. Its crystal structure has been determined by isom

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Liao, Shanhui, Qiang Shang, Xuecheng Zhang, Jiahai Zhang, Chao Xu, and Xiaoming Tu. "Pup, a prokaryotic ubiquitin-like protein, is an intrinsically disordered protein." Biochemical Journal 422, no. 2 (2009): 207–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj20090738.

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Pup (prokaryotic ubiquitin-like protein) from Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the first ubiquitin-like protein identified in non-eukaryotic cells. Although different ubiquitin-like proteins from eukaryotes share low sequence similarity, their 3D (three-dimensional) structures exhibit highly conserved typical ubiquitin-like folds. Interestingly, our studies reveal that Pup not only shares low sequence similarity, but also presents a totally distinguished structure compared with other ubiquitin-like superfamily proteins. Diverse structure predictions combined with CD and NMR spectroscopic studies

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Aubry, Alexandra, Xiao-Su Pan, L. Mark Fisher, Vincent Jarlier, and Emmanuelle Cambau. "Mycobacterium tuberculosis DNA Gyrase: Interaction with Quinolones and Correlation with Antimycobacterial Drug Activity." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 48, no. 4 (2004): 1281–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.48.4.1281-1288.2004.

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ABSTRACT Genome studies suggest that DNA gyrase is the sole type II topoisomerase and likely the unique target of quinolones in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Despite the emerging importance of quinolones in the treatment of mycobacterial disease, the slow growth and high pathogenicity of M. tuberculosis have precluded direct purification of its gyrase and detailed analysis of quinolone action. To address these issues, we separately overexpressed the M. tuberculosis DNA gyrase GyrA and GyrB subunits as His-tagged proteins in Escherichia coli from pET plasmids carrying gyrA and gyrB genes. The sol

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Kim, Chang-Yub, Cecelia Webster, Justin K. M. Roberts, et al. "Analysis of nucleoside-binding proteins by ligand-specific elution from dye resin: application to Mycobacterium tuberculosis aldehyde dehydrogenases." Journal of Structural and Functional Genomics 10, no. 4 (2009): 291–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10969-009-9073-z.

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Matange, Nishad, Swapnil Bodkhe, Maitri Patel, and Pooja Shah. "Trade-offs with stability modulate innate and mutationally acquired drug resistance in bacterial dihydrofolate reductase enzymes." Biochemical Journal 475, no. 12 (2018): 2107–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bcj20180249.

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Structural stability is a major constraint on the evolution of protein sequences. However, under strong directional selection, mutations that confer novel phenotypes but compromise structural stability of proteins may be permissible. During the evolution of antibiotic resistance, mutations that confer drug resistance often have pleiotropic effects on the structure and function of antibiotic-target proteins, usually essential metabolic enzymes. In the present study, we show that trimethoprim (TMP)-resistant alleles of dihydrofolate reductase from Escherichia coli (EcDHFR) harboring the Trp30Gly

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Putman, Monique, Hendrik W. van Veen, and Wil N. Konings. "Molecular Properties of Bacterial Multidrug Transporters." Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews 64, no. 4 (2000): 672–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mmbr.64.4.672-693.2000.

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SUMMARY One of the mechanisms that bacteria utilize to evade the toxic effects of antibiotics is the active extrusion of structurally unrelated drugs from the cell. Both intrinsic and acquired multidrug transporters play an important role in antibiotic resistance of several pathogens, including Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Vibrio cholerae. Detailed knowledge of the molecular basis of drug recognition and transport by multidrug transport systems is required for the development of new antibiotics t

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Paco-Chipana, Margot, Camilo Febres-Molina, Jorge Alberto Aguilar-Pineda, and Badhin Gómez. "Novel In Silico Insights into Rv1417 and Rv2617c as Potential Protein Targets: The Importance of the Medium on the Structural Interactions with Exported Repetitive Protein (Erp) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis." Polymers 14, no. 13 (2022): 2577. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14132577.

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Nowadays, tuberculosis is the second leading cause of death from a monopathogenic transmitted disease, only ahead of COVID-19. The role of exported repetitive protein (Erp) in the virulence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis has been extensively demonstrated. In vitro and in vivo assays have identified that Erp interacts with Rv1417 and Rv2617c proteins, forming putative transient molecular complexes prior to localization to the cell envelope. Although new insights into the interactions and functions of Erp have emerged over the years, knowledge about its structure and protein–protein interactions

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Singh, Rahul, Sonali Deshmukh, Ashwani Kumar, Venuka Durani Goyal, and Ravindra D. Makde. "Crystal structure of XCC3289 from Xanthomonas campestris: homology with the N-terminal substrate-binding domain of Lon peptidase." Acta Crystallographica Section F Structural Biology Communications 76, no. 10 (2020): 488–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053230x20011875.

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LonA peptidase is a major component of the protein quality-control mechanism in both prokaryotes and the organelles of eukaryotes. Proteins homologous to the N-terminal domain of LonA peptidase, but lacking its other domains, are conserved in several phyla of prokaryotes, including the Xanthomonadales order. However, the function of these homologous proteins (LonNTD-like proteins) is not known. Here, the crystal structure of the LonNTD-like protein from Xanthomonas campestris (XCC3289; UniProt Q8P5P7) is reported at 2.8 Å resolution. The structure was solved by molecular replacement and contai

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Javed, Maryam, Syed Ahmed Raza, Asif Nadeem, Muhammad Muddassir Ali, Wasim Shehzad, and Khalid Mehmood. "Exploring the Potential of Interferon Gamma Gene as Major Immune Responder for Bovine Tuberculosis in River Buffalo." BioMed Research International 2021 (April 5, 2021): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5532864.

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Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is a widespread zoonotic infection targeting the livestock sector, especially in developing countries, and posing a risk to humans and animal populations. Its recent prevalence in river buffaloes has been estimated as higher as 33.7%. In emergent countries like Pakistan, there is likeliness of human-livestock interfaces extensively and lacking of effective preventive measures that illustrate the risk of spreading the infection at a remarkable rate. The river buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) is an upkeep host of Mycobacterium bovis and is responsible for disease transmission

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O'Toole, Ronan, Marjan J. Smeulders, Marian C. Blokpoel, Emily J. Kay, Kathryn Lougheed, and Huw D. Williams. "A Two-Component Regulator of Universal Stress Protein Expression and Adaptation to Oxygen Starvation in Mycobacterium smegmatis." Journal of Bacteriology 185, no. 5 (2003): 1543–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.185.5.1543-1554.2003.

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ABSTRACT We identified a response regulator in Mycobacterium smegmatis which plays an important role in adaptation to oxygen-starved stationary phase. The regulator exhibits strong sequence similarity to DevR/Rv3133c of M. tuberculosis. The structural gene is present on a multigene locus, which also encodes a sensor kinase. A devR mutant of M. smegmatis was adept at surviving growth arrest initiated by either carbon or nitrogen starvation. However, its culturability decreased several orders of magnitude below that of the wild type under oxygen-starved stationary-phase conditions. Two-dimension

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Raghunand, Tirumalai R., and William R. Bishai. "Mapping Essential Domains of Mycobacterium smegmatis WhmD: Insights into WhiB Structure and Function." Journal of Bacteriology 188, no. 19 (2006): 6966–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.00384-06.

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ABSTRACT A growing body of evidence suggests that the WhiB-like proteins exclusive to the GC-rich actinomycete genera play significant roles in pathogenesis and cell division. Each of these proteins contains four invariant cysteine residues and a conserved helix-turn-helix motif. whmD, the Mycobacterium smegmatis homologue of Streptomyces coelicolor whiB, is essential in M. smegmatis, and the conditionally complemented mutant M. smegmatis 628-53 undergoes filamentation under nonpermissive conditions. To identify residues critical to WhmD function, we developed a cotransformation-based assay to

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LEMAITRE, Nadine, Isabelle CALLEBAUT, Frédéric FRENOIS, Vincent JARLIER, and Wladimir SOUGAKOFF. "Study of the structure–activity relationships for the pyrazinamidase (PncA) from Mycobacterium tuberculosis." Biochemical Journal 353, no. 3 (2001): 453–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj3530453.

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In an attempt to investigate the molecular basis of pyrazinamide hydrolysis by the PncA protein from Mycobacterium tuberculosis, we determined the pyrazinamidase activity of nine PncA mutants bearing a single amino acid substitution. Among them, three mutants (D8G, K96T and S104R) had virtually no activity (⩽ 0.004unit/mg), five (F13S, T61P, P69L, Y103S and A146V) retained a low level of activity (0.06–0.25unit/mg) and one (T167L) exhibited a wild-type activity (1.51units/mg). The possible structural effects of these substitutions were assessed by analysing a three-dimensional model of the Pnc

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Begum, Nasim A., Kazuo Ishii, Mitsue Kurita-Taniguchi, et al. "Mycobacterium bovis BCG Cell Wall-Specific Differentially Expressed Genes Identified by Differential Display and cDNA Subtraction in Human Macrophages." Infection and Immunity 72, no. 2 (2004): 937–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.72.2.937-948.2004.

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ABSTRACT We have analyzed the gene expression profile of monocytes in response to a highly purified cell wall fraction of Mycobacterium bovis BCG, a clinically approved adjuvant known as BCG cell wall skeleton (BCG-CWS). It is composed of mycolic acid, arabinogalactan, and peptidoglycan and confers Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)- and TLR4-dependent signaling that induces monocytes to differentiate into antigen-presenting cells (APCs). Here we report differential gene expression analysis with BCG-CWS-stimulated versus nonstimulated monocytes. BCG-CWS exerted massive induction of genes regulated by

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Kwofie, Samuel, Bismark Dankwa, Kweku Enninful, et al. "Molecular Docking and Dynamics Simulation Studies Predict Munc18b as a Target of Mycolactone: A Plausible Mechanism for Granule Exocytosis Impairment in Buruli Ulcer Pathogenesis." Toxins 11, no. 3 (2019): 181. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins11030181.

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Ulcers due to infections with Mycobacterium ulcerans are characterized by complete lack of wound healing processes, painless, an underlying bed of host dead cells and undermined edges due to necrosis. Mycolactone, a macrolide produced by the mycobacterium, is believed to be the toxin responsible. Of interest and relevance is the knowledge that Buruli ulcer (BU) patients remember experiencing trauma previously at the site of the ulcers, suggesting an impairment of wound healing processes, the plausible effect due to the toxin. Wound healing processes involve activation of the blood platelets to

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Nigou, Jérôme, Martine Gilleron, Thérèse Brando, and Germain Puzo. "Structural Analysis of Mycobacterial Lipoglycans." Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology 118, no. 1-3 (2004): 253–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1385/abab:118:1-3:253.

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Vijayan, M. "Structural biology of mycobacterial proteins: The Bangalore effort." Tuberculosis 85, no. 5-6 (2005): 357–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tube.2005.08.011.

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Chen, Ran, Jie Zhou, and Wei Xie. "Mechanistic Insight into the Peptide Binding Modes to Two M. tb MazF Toxins." Toxins 13, no. 5 (2021): 319. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins13050319.

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Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb). It is regarded as a major health threat all over the world, mainly because of its high mortality and drug-resistant nature. Toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems are modules ubiquitously found in prokaryotic organisms, and the well-studied MazEF systems (MazE means “what is it?” in Hebrew) are implicated in the formation of “persister cells” in the M. tb pathogen. Here, we report cocrystal structures of M. tb MazF-mt1 and -mt9, two important MazF members responsible for specific mRNA and tRNA cleavages, respectively

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Luthra, Amit, Shuja Shafi Malik, and Ravishankar Ramachandran. "Cloning, purification and comparative structural analysis of two hypothetical proteins from Mycobacterium tuberculosis found in the human granuloma during persistence and highly up-regulated under carbon-starvation conditions." Protein Expression and Purification 62, no. 1 (2008): 64–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pep.2008.06.011.

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Larrouy-Maumus, Gerald. "Lipids as Biomarkers of Cancer and Bacterial Infections." Current Medicinal Chemistry 26, no. 11 (2019): 1924–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867325666180904120029.

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Lipids are ubiquitous molecules, known to play important roles in various cellular processes. Alterations to the lipidome can therefore be used as a read-out of the signs of disease, highlighting the importance to consider lipids as biomarkers in addition of nucleic acid and proteins. Lipids are among the primary structural and functional constituents of biological tissues, especially cell membranes. Along with membrane formation, lipids play also a crucial role in cell signalling, inflammation and energy storage. It was shown recently that lipid metabolism disorders play an important role in

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van Wyk, Rochelle, Mari van Wyk, Samson Mashele, David Nelson, and Khajamohiddin Syed. "Comprehensive Comparative Analysis of Cholesterol Catabolic Genes/Proteins in Mycobacterial Species." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 5 (2019): 1032. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20051032.

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In dealing with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of the deadliest human disease—tuberculosis (TB)—utilization of cholesterol as a carbon source indicates the possibility of using cholesterol catabolic genes/proteins as novel drug targets. However, studies on cholesterol catabolism in mycobacterial species are scarce, and the number of mycobacterial species utilizing cholesterol as a carbon source is unknown. The availability of a large number of mycobacterial species’ genomic data affords an opportunity to explore and predict mycobacterial species’ ability to utilize cholesterol

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Thakur, Krishan Gopal, Anagha Madhusudan Joshi та B. Gopal. "Structural and Biophysical Studies on Two Promoter Recognition Domains of the Extra-cytoplasmic Function σ Factor σC from Mycobacterium tuberculosis". Journal of Biological Chemistry 282, № 7 (2006): 4711–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m606283200.

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σ factors are transcriptional regulatory proteins that bind to the RNA polymerase and dictate gene expression. The extracytoplasmic function (ECF) σ factors govern the environment dependent regulation of transcription. ECF σ factors have two domains σ2 and σ4 that recognize the -10 and -35 promoter elements. However, unlike the primary σ factor σA, the ECF σ factors lack σ3, a region that helps in the recognition of the extended -10 element and σ1.1, a domain involved in the autoinhibition of σA in the absence of core RNA polymerase. Mycobacterium tuberculosis σC is an ECF σ factor that is ess

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Mathys, Vanessa, René Wintjens, Philippe Lefevre, et al. "Molecular Genetics of para-Aminosalicylic Acid Resistance in Clinical Isolates and Spontaneous Mutants of Mycobacterium tuberculosis." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 53, no. 5 (2009): 2100–2109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.01197-08.

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ABSTRACT The emergence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis resistant to first-line antibiotics has renewed interest in second-line antitubercular agents. Here, we aimed to extend our understanding of the mechanisms underlying para-aminosalicylic acid (PAS) resistance by analysis of six genes of the folate metabolic pathway and biosynthesis of thymine nucleotides (thyA, dfrA, folC, folP1, folP2, and thyX) and three N-acetyltransferase genes [nhoA, aac(1), and aac(2)] among PAS-resistant clinical isolates and spontaneous mutants. Mutations in thyA were identified in only 37% of the clinical isolates a

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Ly, Angel, and Jun Liu. "Mycobacterial Virulence Factors: Surface-Exposed Lipids and Secreted Proteins." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 11 (2020): 3985. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21113985.

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The clinically important Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb) and related mycobacterial pathogens use various virulence mechanisms to survive and cause disease in their hosts. Several well-established virulence factors include the surface-exposed lipids in the mycobacterial outer membrane, as well as the Esx family proteins and the Pro-Glu (PE)/ Pro-Pro-Glu (PPE) family proteins secreted by type VII secretion systems (T7SS). Five ESX T7SS exist in M. tb and three—EsxA secretion system-1 (ESX-1), ESX-3, and ESX-5—have been implicated in virulence, yet only the structures of ESX-3 and ESX-5 have b

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TAŞKIN KAFA, Ayşe Hümeyra, Rukiye ASLAN, Hanaou AHAMADA, and Bydaa ATRON. "Structural and Functional Characterization of Biofilm-Related Proteins of Mycobacterium spp: An in-silico Approach." Turkish Computational and Theoretical Chemistry 8, no. 1 (2023): 55–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.33435/tcandtc.1191117.

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Biofilm-associated infections are characterized by the chronicity, recurrence, and the requirement of a prolonged administration of multiple drugs. Several non-pathogenic and pathogenic species of microorganism including Mycobacteria spp form biofilm. Mycobacterial biofilms present a unique composition. Instead of exopolysaccharides in other bacteria, proteins are essential compounds of the biofilm matrix in mycobacteria. To tackle mycobacterial infections, a detailed understanding of the biofilm-forming mechanisms is crucial. In this present study, all available Mycobacterial proteins involve

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Matrat, Stéphanie, Stéphanie Petrella, Emmanuelle Cambau, Wladimir Sougakoff, Vincent Jarlier, and Alexandra Aubry. "Expression and Purification of an Active Form of the Mycobacterium leprae DNA Gyrase and Its Inhibition by Quinolones." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 51, no. 5 (2007): 1643–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.01282-06.

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ABSTRACT Mycobacterium leprae, the causative agent of leprosy, is noncultivable in vitro; therefore, evaluation of antibiotic activity against M. leprae relies mainly upon the mouse footpad system, which requires at least 12 months before the results become available. We have developed an in vitro assay for studying the activities of quinolones against the DNA gyrase of M. leprae. We overexpressed in Escherichia coli the M. leprae GyrA and GyrB subunits separately as His-tagged proteins by using a pET plasmid carrying the gyrA and gyrB genes. The soluble 97.5-kDa GyrA and 74.5-kDa GyrB subunit

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Preneta, Rachel, K. G. Papavinasasundaram, Alain J. Cozzone, and Bertrand Duclos. "Autophosphorylation of the 16 kDa and 70 kDa antigens (Hsp 16·3 and Hsp 70) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis." Microbiology 150, no. 7 (2004): 2135–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.26789-0.

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Several antigens of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, identified by monoclonal antibodies, have been previously cloned and are being exploited in the development of improved vaccines and diagnostic reagents. In this study, the molecular characteristics of two of these antigens, the immunodominant proteins Hsp 16·3 and Hsp 70, were analysed in further detail by assessing their capacity to undergo protein phosphorylation, a chemical modification frequently used by organisms to adjust to environmental variations. Hsp 16·3 was overproduced in an Escherichia coli expression system and purified to homogen

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Restrepo-Montoya, Daniel, Carolina Vizcaíno, Luis F. Niño, Marisol Ocampo, Manuel E. Patarroyo, and Manuel A. Patarroyo. "Validating subcellular localization prediction tools with mycobacterial proteins." BMC Bioinformatics 10, no. 1 (2009): 134. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2105-10-134.

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Krishnadev, Oruganty, Shveta Bisht, and Narayanaswamy Srinivasan. "Prediction of Protein-Protein Interactions Between Human Host and Two Mycobacterial Organisms." International Journal of Knowledge Discovery in Bioinformatics 1, no. 1 (2010): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jkdb.2010100201.

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The genomes of many human pathogens have been sequenced but the protein-protein interactions across a pathogen and human are still poorly understood. The authors apply a simple homology-based method to predict protein-protein interactions between human host and two mycobacterial organisms viz., M.tuberculosis and M.leprae. They focused on secreted proteins of pathogens and cellular membrane proteins to restrict to uncovering biologically significant and feasible interactions. Predicted interactions include five mycobacterial proteins of yet unknown function, thus suggesting a role for these pr

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Amengor, Cedric Dzidzor Kodjo, Emmanuel Orman, Cynthia Amaning Danquah, Inemesit Okon Ben, Prince Danan Biniyam, and Benjamin Kingsley Harley. "Pyridine-N-Oxide Alkaloids from Allium stipitatum and Their Synthetic Disulfide Analogs as Potential Drug Candidates against Mycobacterium tuberculosis: A Molecular Docking, QSBAR, and ADMET Prediction Approach." BioMed Research International 2022 (October 7, 2022): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/6261528.

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In this study, we consider pyridine-N-oxide alkaloids from Allium stipitatum and their synthetic disulfide analogs (PDAs) as candidates for next-generational antimycobacterial agents, in light of growing resistance to existing conventional therapies. In silico studies involving molecular docking simulations of 12 PDAs were carried out against 7 Mycobacterium tuberculosis target proteins (MTs) to determine their theoretical binding affinities. Compounds A3, A6, and B9 demonstrated stronger binding affinities on similar MTs. Molecular descriptors (MDs) describing structural and physicochemical p

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