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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Opioid drug addiction'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 28 May 2022

Last updated: 30 July 2025

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1

Sandweiss, Alexander Jordan, and Alexander Jordan Sandweiss. "The Role of Substance P in Opioid Induced Reward." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/621568.

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Chronic pain affects approximately 100 million Americans. Opioids are the mainstay therapy for the treatment of chronic pain. While physicians and patients alike are apprehensive about using opioids due to their side effects including respiratory depression and addiction, 259 million opioid prescriptions were written in 2012. Although opioids are the most efficacious available analgesics, they increase both positive and negative reinforcement, ultimately leading to addiction. The pro-nociceptive neurotransmitter, Substance P (SP) and its corresponding receptor (NK₁R), are not only found on pai

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2

Henderson, Heather D. "“I am More Than my Addiction”: Perceptions of Stigma and Access to Care in Acute Opioid Crisis." Scholar Commons, 2018. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7167.

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The goal of this research is to analyze the stigmatization of opioid addiction within the framework of emergency care from an ethnographic perspective. Interviews with those who have been swept up in the current opioid epidemic indicate that stigma, or a shame or dishonor, and socioeconomic insecurity emerge often as common themes in their emergency care experiences. In many cases, socioeconomic insecurity most intensely translates into a lack of access to healthcare and emergency rooms across the country often function as primary care for uninsured populations. The central field site selected

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3

Jefferies, Stella Kiah. "Medication-Assisted Therapy Interventions and Prescription Opioid Misuse." ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/6223.

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Opioid drug misuse and dependence are a social and public health problem in the United States. Prescription opioid abuse and misuse have been associated with substantial morbidity and mortality rates as well as social and economic costs. The purpose of this project was to provide a systematic review of literature on the effectiveness of medication-assisted therapy interventions in addressing the problem of prescription opioid misuse in health care settings. The systematic review was completed through a literature search conducted across five electronic databases. The review was guided by the h

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4

Spivack, Stephanie. "The Care of Hospitalized Intravenous Drug Users in 2019." Master's thesis, Temple University Libraries, 2019. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/553776.

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Urban Bioethics<br>M.A.<br>People who inject drugs, particularly opioids, are a growing population, especially in North Philadelphia. This population is at high risk for medical complications that require hospitalization. While hospitalized, this population poses unique challenges to the healthcare system, including high costs and readmission rates, as well as stress and burnout among providers and staff. These patients are at high risk of discharges against medical advice because of complicated social factors as well as inadequate recognition of pain and withdrawal. As the opioid epidemic evo

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5

Salwan, Aaron J., Nicholas E. Hagemeier, and Sam Harirforoosh. "Abuse-Deterrent Opioid Formulations: A Key Ingredient in the Recipe to Prevent Opioid Disasters?" Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/2763.

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The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is encouraging the innovation of long-acting opioid formulations that are manipulation-resistant. The purpose of this commentary is to assess the benefits and limitations of abuse-deterrent opioid formulations (ADFs) and discuss their role in mitigating the current opioid epidemic. ADFs have been created with chemical properties that make it difficult for people who non-medically use prescription drugs to crush and dissolve opioid tablets, as well as by combining opioids with antagonists such as naloxone or naltrexone, which are released only when the

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6

Pierce, Matthias. "Opioid use in England and Wales : mortality, crime and the effectiveness of treatment." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2016. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/opioid-use-in-england-and-wales-mortality-crime-and-the-effectiveness-of-treatment(4e7de6f9-2060-4e85-9f8c-c832be8c989f).html.

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Background: The UK has a high prevalence of opioid use; although this population is ageing. The use of opioids is associated with excess mortality and offending and so remains a priority for public health and criminal justice policy. Aims: There are two broad aims for this thesis: firstly, to quantify excess mortality and offending associated with opioid use, and secondly, to assess the effectiveness of drug treatment at reducing these harms. Methods: Cohorts were extracted from the Drug Data Warehouse (DDW); a collection of case-linked drug treatment and criminal justice datasets, linked to m

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7

Pack, Robert P. "Opioid Use Disorder." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/1335.

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8

Mullins, Jonathan David. "A Comparative Study of Recovery Ecosystems for Opioid Use Disorder in Portugal and Appalachia." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2021. https://dc.etsu.edu/honors/620.

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A comparison of the structure and effectiveness of recovery ecosystems for opioid use disorder in Portugal and Appalachia, with a focus on identifying areas for improvement within the Appalachian region.

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9

Pack, Robert P. "Opioid Use in Tennessee: Lessons Learned." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/1342.

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10

Hagemeier, Nicholas E., J. Nile Barnes, and Kasey Strey. "The Prescription Opioid Epidemic: How it Happened and Solutions." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/1414.

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Rates of prescription drug misuse in Texas are alarmingly high. One in five Texas high school students have taken prescription drugs without a doctor’s prescription. In 2015, Texas had the second highest total healthcare costs from opioid abuse in the nation ($1.96 billion), and Texas is home to four of the top 25 cities in the U.S. for opioid abuse. Meanwhile, only one in three prescribers is using the statewide Prescription Drug Monitoring Program (PDMP), leading to a massive loss of data. There is substantial need for increased infrastructure and prevention measures in Texas, especially rel

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11

Ouzounian, Nicole Marie. "A Phenomenological Research Study on the Treatment Experience of Opioid Addicts: Exploring the Intrapersonal and Interpersonal Conflicts that Opioid Addicts Face During the Treatment Process." Diss., NSUWorks, 2018. https://nsuworks.nova.edu/shss_dcar_etd/118.

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Opioid addiction is a physical, mental, and social issue. The insidious habits and behaviors acquired while living an addictive lifestyle are more powerful than human comprehension, and the training required to release these strongholds are extreme to say the least. Capturing the lived experiences of this process is needed to increase understanding of the development that leads to transformation from active addict to addict in recovery. This phenomenological research study on the treatment experience of opioid addicts used a qualitative approach to gain understanding of this phenomenon. For th

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12

Pack, Robert P. "Lessons Learned a Decade into the Opioid Epidemic." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/1338.

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13

Melton, Sarah, and Nicholas E. Hagemeier. "Prescription Drug Abuse: Regional Realities and Recommendations." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/1419.

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14

Hagemeier, Nicholas E. "An Update on the Opioid Epidemic: Perception vs. Reality." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/1408.

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15

Mathis, S., Angela Hagaman, David Kirschke, and Nicholas E. Hagemeier. "Carter County, Tennessee: A Rural Community’s Response to Opioid Overdose Deaths." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/1444.

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16

Elbegdorj, Orgil. "DESIGN, SYNTHESES, AND BIOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF 14-N-SUBSTITUTED NALTREXONE DERIVATIVES AS OPIOID RECEPTOR LIGANDS." VCU Scholars Compass, 2013. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/455.

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Opium, the dried resin obtained from the unripe seedpods of the poppy flower, has been used for medicinal and euphoric purposes since ancient times. Morphine, the main active ingredient of opium, and other clinically useful opioid analgesics all mediate their effects through activating the mu opioid receptor. Studies involving the mu opioid receptor knockout mice showed that the interaction with the mu opioid receptor is also responsible for many notorious side effects associated with these drugs including dependence and addiction. Therefore, selective antagonists for the mu opioid receptor

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17

Hagemeier, Nicholas E. "The Opioid Epidemic: Realities, Routines, and the Science of Safety." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/1407.

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18

Hagemeier, Nicholas E., and L. White. "Methadone for the Treatment of Opioid Use Disorders." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/1415.

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19

El-Sabawi, Taleed. "Causal Stories and the Opioid Crisis: How Federal Agencies and Interest Groups Defined the Opioid Problem and Shaped Legislative Alternatives." The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1554461947543096.

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20

Hagemeier, Nicholas E. "The Science of Safety: Pharmacists and the Opioid Crisis." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/1409.

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21

Hagemeier, Nicholas E., Matthew M. Murawski, Nicolas C. Lopez, Arsham Alamian, and Robert P. Pack. "Theoretical Exploration of Tennessee Community Pharmacists' Perceptions Regarding Opioid Pain Reliever Abuse Communication." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2014. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/1329.

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Background: Community pharmacists are a key intervention point in efforts to prevent and mitigate the impact of prescription drug abuse and misuse (PDA/M); yet pharmacists' perceptions regarding PDA/M have been explored only briefly in the literature. Objectives: 1) To explore Tennessee community pharmacists' perceptions regarding opioid pain reliever (OPR) prescribing, dispensing and abuse; 2) to explore community pharmacists' self-efficacy beliefs regarding PDA/M-specific communication; and 3) to evaluate perceived barriers to engaging patients in PDA/M-specific communication. Methods: A 55-

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22

Mathis, Stephanie M., Nicholas Hagemeier, Angela Hagaman, John Dreyzehner, and Robert P. Pack. "A Dissemination and Implementation Science Approach to the Epidemic of Opioid Use Disorder in the United States." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/2780.

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Purpose of Review: This review aims to (1) conceptualize the complexity of the opioid use disorder epidemic using a conceptual model grounded in the disease continuum and corresponding levels of prevention and (2) summarize a select set of interventions for the prevention and treatment of opioid use disorder. Recent Findings: Epidemiologic data indicate non-medical prescription and illicit opioid use have reached unprecedented levels, fueling an opioid use disorder epidemic in the USA. A problem of this magnitude is rooted in multiple supply- and demand-side drivers, the combined effect of whi

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23

Gray, Jeffrey A., and Nicholas E. Hagemeier. "Prescription Drug Abuse and DEA-Sanctioned Drug Take-Back Events: Characteristics and Outcomes in Rural Appalachia." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2012. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/1469.

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Proper disposal of controlled substance medications, a legally gray area since the Controlled Substance Act of 1970 was passed, has received renewed attention in recent years because of an increase in deaths related to opioid pain reliever (OPR) overdoses and increased nonmedical use of OPRs.1,2 Prescription drug take-back events have been organized under the purview of the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) to properly dispose of controlled substance medications; to decrease prescription medication diversion, abuse, and accidental poisonings; and to decrease environmental hazards resulting

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24

Hagemeier, Nicholas E., Fred Tudiver, Scott Brewster, et al. "Interprofessional Prescription Opioid Abuse Communication Among Prescribers and Pharmacists: A Qualitative Analysis." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/1323.

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Background: Prescribers and community pharmacists commonly perceive prescription opioid abuse to be a problem in their practice settings and communities. Both cohorts have expressed support for interventions that improve interprofessional communication and reduce prescription opioid abuse. The objective of this study was to describe prescription opioid abuse-related communication among and between prescribers and community pharmacists in South Central Appalachia. Methods: The investigators conducted five focus groups with 35 Appalachian Research Network practice-based research network provider

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25

Hagemeier, Nicholas E., Arsham Alamian, Matthew M. Murawski, Heather Flippin, Elizabeth J. Hagy, and Robert P. Pack. "Correlates of Prescription Opioid Legitimacy Judgments Among Community Pharmacists." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/1321.

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Background: Community pharmacists are legally required to evaluate and confirm the legitimacy of prescription opioids (POs) prior to dispensing. Yet, previous research has indicated community pharmacists perceive nearly 50% of dispensed POs to be issued lacking a legitimate medical purpose. Objective: To analyze correlates of PO legitimacy judgments across pharmacist and pharmacy setting characteristics. Methods: A cross-sectional study of 2000 Tennessee pharmacists was conducted during October and November of 2012. Community pharmacists' self-reported attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors specifi

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26

LaForge, Karl Steven. "Preproenkephalin Gene and mRNA : Studies of Structure, Function, Cocaine Responses in an Animal Model, and Genetic Association with Human Opiate Addiction." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Univ.-bibl. [distributör], 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-4013.

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27

Гарапко, Т. В., та А. С. Головацький. "Зміни судинного русла тимуса при дії на організм налбуфіну". Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2017. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/64452.

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Вступ. Актуальним соціальним і медичним питанням сучасності є опіоїдна наркоманія. В клініці широко застосовують з лікувальною метою наркотичні анальгетики, як препарати для зняття гострого болю та лікування хронічного. Представником наркотичних анальгетиків є налбуфін (нубаін) – напівсинтетичний опіоїд, похідний фенантрена, центральний анальгетик. Недостатньо вивчено вплив опіоїдів на органи імунної (лімфоїдної) системи, зокрема на первинний лімфоїдний орган – тимус (загруднинну залозу).

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28

Hagemeier, Nicholas E., Arsham Alamian, M. M. Murawski, Robert P. Pack, H. Flippin, and H. Hagy. "Correlates of Prescription Opioid Legitimacy Estimations among Community Pharmacists in Tennessee." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2015. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/1362.

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29

Hagemeier, Nicholas E. "Legal and Public Health Landscape: The Opioid Epidemic and Opportunities for State and Federal Engagement." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/1418.

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The panel laid the foundation for topics discussed during the Summit by noting the historical and current landscape of the opioid epidemic, opportunities for engagement, and why collective partnerships and collaboration are critical to resolving the crisis.

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30

Gardell, Malin, and Hanna Lindström. "Jag är inte bara en knarkare : En litteraturstudie om upplevelsen av kontroll och stigma vid substitutionsbehandling vid opioidberoende." Thesis, Röda Korsets Högskola, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:rkh:diva-2754.

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Background: Opioid dependence is a chronic disease. Substitution treatment for opioid addiction involves a lot of rules and control that can lead to stigmatization. Purpose: To describe the experience of control and stigma in people with substitution treatment during opioid dependence. Method: A literature review with qualitative content analysis inspired by Graneheim & Lundman (2004). The study is based on 14 scientific articles that were applied mainly through the databases Cinahl and Pubmed. Result: Two main themes with eight sub-themes emerged. The most prominent in the result was that

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31

Sevak, Rajkumar J., Ivy Click, Jeri Ann Basden, and Nicholas E. Hagemeier. "Community Pharmacists’ Perceptions of Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome and Opioid-Based Medication-Assisted Treatment in Northeast Tennessee." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2015. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/1447.

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32

Hagemeier, Nicholas E., Jeffrey A. Gray, and Robert P. Pack. "Prescription Drug Abuse: A Comparison of Prescriber and Pharmacist Perspectives." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2013. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/1326.

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This study compared perceptions of prescribers and pharmacists (N = 89) regarding multiple aspects of prescription drug abuse. Questionnaires were developed to assess perceptions regarding the prevalence of prescription drug abuse, self-perceived communication competence, and additional communication and prescription drug abuse domains. Pharmacists perceived a larger percentage of patients (41%) to be abusing opioid pain relievers as compared with their prescriber colleagues (17%). Both prescribers and pharmacists indicated improvements in prescriber–pharmacist communication would serve to det

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33

BALFOUR, MARGARET E. "SEXUAL BEHAVIOR CAUSES ACTIVATION AND FUNCTIONAL ALTERATIONS OF MESOLIMBIC SYSTEMS: NEUROBIOLOGY OF MOTIVATION AND REWARD." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1060620529.

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34

Caputi, Francesca Felicia <1981&gt. "Different addictive drug exposure induces selective alterations of the Endogenous Opioid System : modulation of transcription and epigenetic mechanisms." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2012. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/4558/1/Tesi_di_Dottorato_Caputi_Francesca_Felicia.pdf.

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Drug addiction manifests clinically as compulsive drug seeking, and cravings that can persist and recur even after extended periods of abstinence. The fundamental principle that unites addictive drugs is that each one enhances synaptic DA by means that dissociate it from normal behavioral control, so that they act to reinforce their own acquisition. Our attention has focused on the study of phenomena associated with the consumption of alcohol and heroin. Alcohol has long been considered an unspecific pharmacological agent, recent molecular pharmacology studies have shown that acts on differe

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Caputi, Francesca Felicia <1981&gt. "Different addictive drug exposure induces selective alterations of the Endogenous Opioid System : modulation of transcription and epigenetic mechanisms." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2012. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/4558/.

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Drug addiction manifests clinically as compulsive drug seeking, and cravings that can persist and recur even after extended periods of abstinence. The fundamental principle that unites addictive drugs is that each one enhances synaptic DA by means that dissociate it from normal behavioral control, so that they act to reinforce their own acquisition. Our attention has focused on the study of phenomena associated with the consumption of alcohol and heroin. Alcohol has long been considered an unspecific pharmacological agent, recent molecular pharmacology studies have shown that acts on differe

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36

Nwabueze, Christian, Ying Liu, Hilary Elom, Shimin Zheng, and Ke-Sheng Wang. "Prevalence and Correlates of Major Depressive Disorder Among Opiod Dependent Patients: Finding from a Randomized Clinical Trial." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/120.

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Background: The United States is currently experiencing an epidemic of opioid abuse. Individuals with opioid dependence may also have major depressive disorder (MDD) as a co-morbid state. MDD is one of the commonest mental health problems in the United States, affecting approximately 7% of the adult population. The relationship between opioid dependence and MDD and the factors that correlate with them have not been fully investigated. This study is designed to evaluate the prevalence of MDD and its associations with risk factors and health conditions such as age, race, sex, liver problems, anx

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37

Evans, Jessica Smith. "Assessing and Comparing Attitudes Toward Addiction and Methadone Treatment." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1155845971.

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Pack, Robert P., Angela Hagaman, and Nicholas Hagemeier. "Forum hosts: Tennessee State Task Force on Opioids." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/1340.

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39

Briggs-Bolling, Izetta Mounice. "Non Medical Prescription Drug use in Rural Communities and Social Work." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/4424.

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This study explored the roles and responsibilities of social workers providing services to nonmedical prescription drug users (NMPDU). Researchers have indicated NMPDU disproportionately affects people living in rural communities. The overarching research question sought to explore the concerns of social workers when providing services to patients coping with NMPDU in the rural community of Ulster County, New York. The intention was to examine systemic challenges facing rural social workers when attempting to decrease morbidity risks and increase the health of Ulster County residents. A total

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40

Chamberlain, Jude M. "Development of an MMPI-2 Scale to Aid in Assessing Opioid Use Disorder." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1398255420.

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41

Santos, Mariana Martins Siqueira. "Avaliação do consumo de álcool e drogas em pacientes com Doença Falciforme (DF) em tratamento no Centro de Referência de Doença Falciforme do Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/164321.

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O consumo de drogas e álcool constitui cada vez mais um problema social e de saúde pública, pelas consequências negativas que provocam no desenvolvimento emocional e físico dos indivíduos. Existem poucas referências na literatura avaliando o uso destas substâncias por portadores de doença falciforme (DF). Estes pacientes apresentam crises álgicas severas, recorrentes, frequentemente controladas por opióides. O comprometimento da qualidade de vida predispõe a ocorrência de transtornos psiquiátricos não-psicóticos, como depressão por exemplo, tornando o grupo vulnerável ao uso abusivo de substân

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42

Clough, Robin Jo. "Gender and Prescription Painkiller Misuse: Findings from the 2011 National Survey on Drug Use and Health." PDXScholar, 2014. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1939.

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This study examines the effects of gender and social bonds on the experience of prescription painkiller misuse for men and women. The theoretical framework for the project is Travis Hirschi's social control theory (1969), and the social bond elements of attachment, commitment, involvement, and belief, which emphasizes the importance of these bonds in creating a "stake in conformity" for the individual, leading to acceptance of social norms and desistence from deviance. This theory, however, is relatively silent with regard to gender differences and was developed to examine delinquency in an al

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Martín, Sánchez Miquel 1971. "Estudio de los mecanismos neuronales implicados en las respuestas motivacionales de las drogas de abuso." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/7171.

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Aquesta tesi presenta els estudis realitzat per avaluar el paper de diferents neurotransmisors i neuromoduladors en respostes de tipus emocional, en el control dels efectes reforçants i gratificants de diverses drogues d'abús així com en la modulació de diferents respostes antinociceptives. En concret, vam avaluar el paper del sistema endocannabinoid, opioid i PACAP en aquestes respostes mitjançant l'ús de diferents soques de ratolins modificatsgenèticament (ratolins knockout). Vàrem estudiar el paper del receptor cannabinoid CB1 en respostes de tipus emocional (ansietat i depressió), així com

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44

Trujols, i. Albet Joan. "Aproximacions a la perspectiva de la persona en tractament de manteniment amb metadona: millora percebuda i satisfacció amb el tractament com a indicadors, i participació en el desenvolupament dels instruments de mesura com a eina." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/461792.

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Els tractaments de manteniment amb metadona (TMM) són un autèntic tractament psicofarmacològic de la dependència d’heroïna i, a la vegada, un element indispensable i fonamental de les polítiques i les intervencions de reducció de danys. L’efectivitat dels TMM ha estat avaluada, quasi de manera exclusiva, mitjançant la utilització d’indicadors anomenats durs. Intentant trencar el motlle d’aquest enfocament tradicional, aquesta tesi pretén contribuir al procés de generar coneixement al voltant de —i amb— la perspectiva de la persona en TMM. El nucli del treball doctoral està format per sis ar

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45

Schürmann, Britta [Verfasser]. "Endogenous opioid peptides in drug addiction / submitted by Britta Schürmann." 2010. http://d-nb.info/1003640087/34.

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46

Chang, Kitae. "An overview of the disease model for drug addiction and interventions used to address the current opioid epidemic." Thesis, 2016. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/16772.

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America is engulfed in an opioid epidemic. Whether this is depicted through the tens of thousands of lives claimed by the number of drug overdoses each year, the unprecedentedly high and increasing rates of opiate abuse, or the broadening demographic profile of the addict, it is clear that the current issue is one that requires serious attention. As informed by the negative attitudes toward drug addiction that have prevailed since the War on Drugs was declared, it is hypothesized that much of the contemporary predicament is a result of this misinformation that did not resolve, but exacerbated

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Fielding, Stephen M. "Training Indiana's Family Medicine Residents to Address the Problem of Prescription Drug Abuse." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/13984.

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Prescription drug abuse has been a growing problem in Indiana and around the nation for almost two decades. In recent years, prescription drug overdoses have pushed drug poisonings ahead of motor vehicle crashes as the leading cause of injury death. However, deaths due to overdoses of prescription drugs are only the tip of the iceberg when it comes to the much larger problem of abuse. This study has characterized prescription drug abuse in Indiana and taken an in-depth look at how it is and can be addressed both through organizational policies and state legislation. Opioid painkillers such as

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Fitzgerald, Louise C. "The effect of stress and locus of control on continued substance use during opioid substitution treatment for opioid dependency." Thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.7/uws:47392.

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In Australia, it is estimated that $55.4 billion is spent annually due to the direct and indirect costs of problematic drug use. Worldwide, it is estimated that 32 million individuals misuse opioids, with 16 million misusing heroin. To date, the Methadone Maintenance Treatment (MMT) programs are the most common treatment of opioid addiction at a global scale. Although MMT diminishes withdrawal symptoms, continued substance and polydrug use remains a salient issue within treatment settings. As relapse remains problematic, current literature implies that stress, Locus of Control (LOC) and exposu

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Greene, Marion Siegrid. "The risks and consequences of opioid misuse." Diss., 2018. https://doi.org/10.7912/C2MS9C.

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Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)<br>Opioid misuse and addiction has been widely identified as a public health problem, contributing substantially to the nation’s morbidity and mortality. Over the past two decades, misuse of prescription opioids pain relievers has substantially increased; heroin use has resurged; and, more recently, abuse of high-potency synthetic opioids such as fentanyl have fueled the epidemic. Nearly 12 million Americans (or 4.4%) aged 12 and older misused some type of opioid (prescribed or illegal) in the past year. Furthermore, the percentag

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Gregory, Neil T. "An exploration into factors contributing to patient-initiated termination from addiction treatment programs by opioid-dependent persons." 2007. http://etd1.library.duq.edu/theses/available/etd-12062007-170251/unrestricted/GregoryDissertation.pdf.

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