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Wahyudi, Kaiji Sato, and Akira Shimokohbe. "Characteristics of practical control for point-to-point (PTP) positioning systems." Precision Engineering 27, no. 2 (April 2003): 157–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0141-6359(02)00226-x.
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Fang, Ji Wen, Zhi Li Long, Lu Fan Zhang, Jian Dong Cai, and Long Sheng Nian. "Control Analysis of Point-to-Point Positioning Based on Macro-Micro Stage." Applied Mechanics and Materials 278-280 (January 2013): 1563–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.278-280.1563.
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Macro-micro stage can achieve large travel range and high precision positioning. The macro stage is driven by voice coil motor (VCM). The micro stage is actuated by the piezoelectric (PZT). The positioning theory of macro-micro stage is described. In this paper, the compensating method of point-to-point (PTP) positioning is divided into two types: compensation before steady state (CBS) and compensation after steady state (CAS). The different control strategies are applied to meet CAS and CBS. Because of the structure of macro-micro stage and the saturation of micro stage, switching control plays an important role in realizing high precision PTP motion. When the error of the macro stage is less than the threshold and also the system meets the switching conditions, the compensation signal is sent to the PZT control loop for high resolution compensation. Finally, the numerical simulation results show that the positioning accuracy of dual stage is higher than single macro stage and can reach nanometer scale.
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Abe, Akira. "Energy-Saving Breakthrough in the Point-to-Point Control of a Flexible Manipulator." Applied Sciences 14, no. 5 (February 22, 2024): 1788. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app14051788.
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This study aims to contribute academically valuable insights into energy-efficient drives for the positioning control of flexible structures. It focuses on the point-to-point (PTP) motion control of a flexible manipulator to suppress residual vibration and reduce driving energy simultaneously. The driving energy for PTP motion is influenced by the initial deflection of the flexible manipulator. Considering this phenomenon, the study proposes a trajectory planning method for the joint angle of a flexible manipulator. In this method, the evaluation function is defined as the sum of drive torques, and its minimization through particle swarm optimization generates an optimal trajectory that minimizes drive energy and suppresses residual vibration. Numerical simulations indicate that significant energy savings can be achieved by actively deforming the manipulator. These simulation results are corroborated by experimental data, which demonstrate the practical applicability and effectiveness of the proposed method.
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Wang, Xiaobang, Yang Yu, Siyu Li, Jie Zhang, and Zhijie Liu. "Point-to-Point-Based Optimization Method of Ballast Water Allocation for Revolving Floating Cranes with Experimental Verification." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 12, no. 3 (March 1, 2024): 437. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse12030437.
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The Revolving Floating Crane (RFC) is a specialized engineering vessel crucial for offshore lifting operations, such as offshore platform construction and deep-water salvaging. It boasts impressive lifting capacity, good adaptability to various environmental conditions, and high operational efficiency. Conventionally, the safety and stability of RFC operations heavily depend on manual ballast water allocation, which is directly influenced by factors such as personnel status and sea conditions. These manual operations often result in reduced lifting efficiency, higher energy consumption, and compromised operational safety. In response, this paper introduces a ballast water-allocation approach based on the Point-to-Point (PTP) theory for the intelligent operation process of the RFC. The fundamental principles of the PTP theory are analyzed, and a method tailored to optimize ballast water allocation for RFC is proposed. Considering the unique characteristics of the ballast system and the specific requirements of lifting operations, an optimization model for PTP-based ballast water allocation is established. Numerical experiments are conducted to verify the efficacy and reliability of the proposed method. Comparing it to the conventional approaches, the results demonstrate a notable 17.75% reduction in energy consumption and an impressive 73.49% decrease in decision-making time, showcasing the superiority of the proposed approach. Finally, the engineering feasibility of the PTP-based optimization method for ballast water allocation is validated through actual lifting experiments, underscoring its potential to enhance RFC operations.
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Carabin, Giovanni, and Renato Vidoni. "Energy-saving optimization method for point-to-point trajectories planned via standard primitives in 1-DoF mechatronic systems." International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 116, no. 1-2 (June 17, 2021): 331–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00170-021-07277-y.
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AbstractIn this work, an analytical methodology to minimize the energy expenditure of mechatronic systems performing point-to-point (PTP) trajectories based on well-known motion primitives is developed and validated. Both PTP trajectory profiles commonly used in industrial motor drives and more complex ones are investigated. Focusing on generic 1-DoF mechatronic systems moving a constant inertia load (e.g., elevators, cranes, CNC machines, Cartesian axis) and possibly equipped or retrofitted with regenerative devices, the consumed energy formulation is firstly derived. Then, the analytical optimization considering all the selected PTP trajectory profiles is computed and a generic closed-form solution is determined. Finally, numerical and experimental evaluations are done showing the effectiveness of the theoretical results and proposed methodology. In addition, all the different trajectories are compared with respect to energy consumption.
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., Wahyudi, Riza Muhida, and Momoh J. E. Salami. "Fuzzy Anti-windup Schemes for NCTF Control of Point-to-point (PTP) Positioning Systems." American Journal of Applied Sciences 4, no. 4 (April 1, 2007): 220–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3844/ajassp.2007.220.228.
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Wahyudi, K. Sato, and A. Shimokohbe. "Robustness evaluation of three friction compensation methods for point-to-point (PTP) positioning systems." Robotics and Autonomous Systems 52, no. 2-3 (August 2005): 247–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.robot.2005.03.004.
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Smith, L. J., G. Tabor, and J. Williams. "A retrospective case control study to investigate race level risk factors associated with horse falls in Irish point-to-point races." Comparative Exercise Physiology 14, no. 2 (June 6, 2018): 127–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/cep170034.
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Horseracing as a high-risk sport can pose a significant risk to equine welfare. To date no epidemiological reviews of fall risk in horseracing have investigated the risks specific to point-to-point (PTP) racing. This study aimed to identify the main race level risk factors associated with horse falls in Irish PTP and to compare these to published findings for hurdle and steeplechase racing. The study used a retrospective case-control design. Relevant variables were identified and information was collated for all PTP races in the 2013/14 and 2014/15 seasons. Race-level variables were analysed through univariable analysis to inform multivariable model building. A final multivariable logistic regression model was refined, using fall/no fall as the dependent variable, through a backward stepwise process with variables retained if likelihood ratio test P-values were <0.05. During the study period 1,358 PTP races were recorded, 727 races (54%) included at least one horse fall. The fall frequency noted during the current study was 88/1000 starts. Race category impacted the odds of a fall occurring with all categories of maiden races having increased odds of falls compared to open races. Maiden races for 6 year olds and 6 and 7 year olds had the greatest chance of falling with 6.9 times increased odds. The chance of a race containing a fall increased 38% for each additional runner and was reduced by 25% for every horse that pulled up during the race. Using a larger data set could enable further sub-models to be developed. In the current study some of the variables had a low number of cases and/or controls which limited the analysis. Retrospective analysis of fall risk exposed some risk factors that have been previously identified in hurdle and steeplechase racing. The variables identified could inform future research and interventions aimed at improving horse and jockey safety whilst racing.
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Mohamed, Ibrahim M. M., and Saif AL-Islam Ateeya AL-Salheen. "A survivable Point-to-Point (PTP) Wireless Transmission Based On Adaptive Coding and Modulation (ACM) Technique." Al-Mukhtar Journal of Engineering Research 7, no. 1 (May 10, 2024): 12–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.54172/jszswq55.
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Wireless transmission can be affected by severe weather conditions such as heavy rain. Such a temporary weather condition leads to decrease the received power and thus reduce the signal-to-noise ratio, which degrades the overall performance. In some cases, in which a high bit rate is being transmitted where a specific amount of signal-to-noise ratio is required, the wireless transmission drops down completely. Adaptive Coding and Modulation technique could provide the feature of adaptation during transmission. In Adaptive Coding and Modulation, transmission parameters such as modulation scheme and/ or code rate can be altered based on signal-to-noise ratio measurements. In this paper, a survivable point-to-point wireless transmission was established using Adaptive Coding and Modulation technology. A concentration on the Adaptive Modulation was made in this work by using the AF-11FX equipment which is capable of modulate carriers using different modulation schemes (QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM, 256QAM, and 1024QAM). In this context, the wireless point-to-point link was examined with and without the use of Adaptive Modulation. A survivable transmission was achieved in which an automatic switching mechanism is performed among the aforementioned modulation schemes based on signal-to-noise ratio measurements, which led to increase the average transmission rate.
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Wu, Bin, Hongxi Yin, Jie Qin, Chang Liu, Anliang Liu, Qi Shao, and Xiaoguang Xu. "Design and implementation of flexible TWDM-PON with PtP WDM overlay based on WSS for next-generation optical access networks." Modern Physics Letters B 30, no. 25 (September 20, 2016): 1650324. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984916503243.
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Aiming at the increasing demand of the diversification services and flexible bandwidth allocation of the future access networks, a flexible passive optical network (PON) scheme combining time and wavelength division multiplexing (TWDM) with point-to-point wavelength division multiplexing (PtP WDM) overlay is proposed for the next-generation optical access networks in this paper. A novel software-defined optical distribution network (ODN) structure is designed based on wavelength selective switches (WSS), which can implement wavelength and bandwidth dynamical allocations and suits for the bursty traffic. The experimental results reveal that the TWDM-PON can provide 40 Gb/s downstream and 10 Gb/s upstream data transmission, while the PtP WDM-PON can support 10 GHz point-to-point dedicated bandwidth as the overlay complement system. The wavelengths of the TWDM-PON and PtP WDM-PON are allocated dynamically based on WSS, which verifies the feasibility of the proposed structure.
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Lara Cueva, Román Alcides, and Daniel Mauricio Merino Jácome. "Modelización del canal inalámbrico para enlaces punto a punto empleando tecnología Zigbee en entornos exteriores - On Modeling Wireless Channel for point to point links by using Zigbee technology in Outdoors Scenarios." ReCIBE, Revista electrónica de Computación, Informática, Biomédica y Electrónica 6, no. 1 (December 6, 2017): 151–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.32870/recibe.v6i1.76.
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En el presente trabajo se realiza el modelización del canal de propagación para una red de comunicación punto a punto (PtP, del inglés Point-To-Point) entre dispositivos que utilizan tecnología ZigBee en entornos suburbanos a 2.4GHz, para poder brindar a la comunidad científica encargada de la planificación y dimensionamiento de redes, un modelo ajustado específicamente a redes con estas características que permitirá aumentar la eficiencia y disminuir los costos implícitos de las mismas. El modelo presentado fue obtenido al interpolar las mediciones de la potencia recibida (RSSI, del inglés Received Signal Strength Indicator) durante el despliegue de una red PtP de longitud variable de 2 a 160 metros, modificando la altura de los dispositivos en intervalos de 25 centímetros y ajustando las curvas resultantes a modelos matemáticos conocidos. En contraposición a diversos artículos de la literatura, nuestro modelo hace énfasis en el efecto causado por la altura de los dispositivos sobre la distancia a la cual se genera discontinuidad en el modelo de propagación, encontrándose que dicha discontinuidad describe un comportamiento exponencial decreciente donde a medida que la altura aumenta, la discontinuidad se aproxima al transmisor, hasta una distancia límite de 60 metros, a partir de la cual la altura de los dispositivos deja de influir en la distancia donde se produce la discontinuidad.Abstract: In the present work we are modeling a propagation channel for a point-to-point (PtP) communication network between devices, using ZigBee technology in 2.4 GHz and suburban environments, in order to provide tools for the scientific community that manage planning and sizing of networks, a model is adjusted specifically to networks with these characteristics that will allow to increase the efficiency and to reduce the implicit costs. The model presented is obtained by interpolating the Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) during the deployment of a PtP network of variable length from 2 to 160 meters, modifying the height of the devices in intervals of 25 centimeters and adjusting the resulting curves to known mathematical models. In contrast to several articles in the literature, our model emphasizes the effect caused by the height of the devices over the distance to which discontinuity is generated in the propagation model, and it was found that this discontinuity describes a decreasing exponential behavior in the measure. And that the height increases, the discontinuity approaches the transmitter, up to a limit distance of 60 meters, from which the height of the devices ceases to influence the distance when the discontinuity occurs.Keywords: ZigBee, RSSI, modeling, wireless channel
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Wang, Juan, Changcheng Chen, Mengsi Peng, Yizu Wang, Bao Wu, Yili Zheng, and Xueqiang Wang. "Intra- and Inter-Rater Reliability of Three Measurements for Assessing Tactile Acuity in Individuals with Chronic Low Back Pain." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2020 (November 24, 2020): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8367095.
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Objective. To investigate the intra- and inter-rater reliability of three measurements on painful and pain-free sides in participants with chronic low back pain (CLBP) at different ages. Methods. We recruited 60 participants with CLBP and divided them equally into a group of younger participants with chronic low back pain (18 ≤ age ≤ 35, Y-CLBP) and a group of older participants with chronic low back pain (36 ≤ age ≤ 65, O-CLBP). Participants were assessed by two testers within the same day (10 min interval), and one of the testers repeated the assessment program 24 h later. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to assess reliability. The Pearson correlation coefficient was used to analyze the correlation between tactile acuity and age, waistline, and pain-related variables. Results. In the Y-CLBP group, the intra-rater reliability of two-point discrimination (TPD), point-to-point test (PTP), and two-point estimation (TPE) on the painful and pain-free sides was good (ICC range: 0.74–0.85), whereas the inter-rater reliability of TPD, PTP, and TPE on the painful and pain-free sides was moderate to good (ICC range: 0.65–0.76). In the O-CLBP group, the intra-rater reliability of TPD, PTP, and TPE on the painful and pain-free sides was good (ICC range: 0.75–0.85), whereas the inter-rater reliability of TPD, PTP, and TPE on the painful and pain-free sides was moderate to good (ICC range: 0.70–0.85). Age, waistline, duration of pain, maximum pain, general pain, and unpleasant score caused by pain were positively correlated with tactile acuity thresholds (D-TPD, A-TPD, PTP, and TPE) (r > 0.365, p < 0.05 ). When BMI was controlled, age, waistline, and pain-related variables were positively correlated with tactile acuity thresholds (r > 0.388; p < 0.05 ). Conclusion. In the participants of Y-CLBP and O-CLBP groups, TPD, PTP, and TPE have moderate-to-good intra- and inter-rater reliability on the painful and pain-free sides of the fifth lumbar vertebrae.
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Tan, Shufeng, Qifei Wang, Ziwei Wan, and Fei Luo. "CRT-Based Clock Synchronization for Millimeter-Wave Communication with Asymmetric Propagation Delays." Electronics 13, no. 13 (June 21, 2024): 2441. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics13132441.
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The rapid advancement of millimeter-wave communication technology has presented new challenges for time synchronization, driven by the need for high-speed and low-latency data transmission. Ethernet synchronization technologies, such as Precise Time Protocol (PTP), have emerged to overcome the limitations of point-to-point architecture and enable precise synchronization across multiple devices. A key drawback of conventional PTP is its reliance on symmetric packet exchange delays, which may not hold in real-world scenarios where there is relative mobility between master and slave nodes, leading to asymmetric propagation delays and clock offset errors. To address this issue, a novel clock synchronization protocol that integrates Chinese Remainder Theory (CRT) has been proposed. This protocol enhances conventional PTP by incorporating distance estimation based on CRT using multi-carrier phase measurement. By combining a coarse estimation of one-way propagation delay from conventional PTP with a fine estimation of remainder distance from CRT, the protocol accurately determines the distance between master and slave nodes, reducing motion errors and enhancing clock synchronization accuracy. Simulation results indicate that the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of distance estimation remains below 10−5 meters, with a corresponding motion time error of approximately 0.01 picosecond.
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Wang, Min, Shu Guang Zhang, Qiao Yun Sun, and Yu Zhang. "Resources Allocation Scheme Based on Mode Switch for Multicast Services in MBSFN." Applied Mechanics and Materials 543-547 (March 2014): 3044–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.543-547.3044.
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The multimedia broadcast and multicast services (MBMS) in 3GPP LTE is characterized by multicast broadcast single frequency network (MBSFN) operation. The multicast services are transmitted by single frequency network (SFN) mode, and the unicast services are delivered with point-to-point (PTP) mode. To avoid the network congestion of the multicast services in MBSFN, a novel resources allocation scheme (RAS) based on mode switch for the multicast services is proposed. The RAS takes advantages of the mode switch between SFN and PTP for the multicast services and minimizes the demanded radio resources of the maximum load cell. The simulation results show that the proposed RAS needs less demanded radio resources of the maximum load cell than SFN mode for all the multicast services.
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Habib, Nukman, Adi Soeprijanto, Djoko Purwanto, and Mauridhi Hery Purnomo. "Mobile Robot Motion Planning to Avoid Obstacle Using Modified Ant Colony Optimization." Applied Mechanics and Materials 776 (July 2015): 396–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.776.396.
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The ability of mobile robot to move about the environment from initial position to the goal position, without colliding the obstacles is needed. This paper presents about motion planning of mobile robot (MR) in obstacles-filled workspace using the modified Ant Colony Optimization (M-ACO) algorithm combined with the point to point (PTP) motion in achieving the static goal. Initially, MR try to plan the path to reach a goal, but since there are obstacles on the path will be passed through so nodes must be placed around the obstacles. Then MR do PTP motion through this nodes chosen by M-ACO, in order to form optimal path from the choice nodes until the last node that is free from obstacles. The proposed approach shows that MR can not only avoid collision with obstacle but also make a global planning path. The simulation result have shown that the proposed algorithm is suitable for MR motion planning in the complex environments with less running time.
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Liu, Yi, and Hai Ying Yang. "Design of Clock Synchronization Algorithm in Networked Control Systems." Applied Mechanics and Materials 263-266 (December 2012): 1376–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.263-266.1376.
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The key point of the existing Ethernet test and measurement is that the method needs to achieve precision clock synchronization between different terminals. In this paper, an improved method was proposed with consideration of the time drift and propagation delay, expressing master-slave synchronization as a linear relationship and inducting the line of least squares fitting algorithm that traded as linear matrix form. The precision time protocol (PTP) was also analyzed in this paper. The experiment results show that the synchronization accuracy reaches sub-microsecond grade, which is the same as the PTP.
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Guno, Yomi, Trio Adiono, Joko Suryana, Fadjar Rahino Triputra, Asyaraf Hidayat, and Siti Vivi Octaviany. "Characterization of A2G UAV communication channels under rician fading conditions." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 37, no. 1 (January 1, 2025): 143. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v37.i1.pp143-153.
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The variation in the k-factor value significantly influences the performance of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) air-to-ground point-to-point line of sight (A2G PTP LOS) communications over a Rician channel at 1,800 MHz using quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) modulation and orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) techniques. The research emphasizes the impact of the k-factor, which quantifies the dominance of the line-of-sight component over multipath scattering. The variation in the k-factor significantly influences UAV A2G PTP LOS communication performance for the empirical model (EM), as it involves precise measurements of the received power level in dBm from UAV to ground control station (GCS) across varying distances and altitudes. We introduce a method to compute the k-factor by assessing the ratio of the line-of-sight signal power to the multipath signal power, thereby enhancing channel modeling accuracy. Empirical analysis shows a strong correlation between bit error rate (BER) and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) with differing k-factor values; a higher k-factor of 16.3 markedly improves performance, virtually eliminating errors at a 10 dB SNR, while a lower k-factor of 2.39 still shows significant errors at a 30 dB SNR. These results highlight the necessity of optimizing the k-factor in UAV A2G PTP LOS systems to ensure stable and reliable communication under diverse operational conditions.
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Arnowo, Hadi. "Determinants of Land Technical Considerations in Land Control." Marcapada: Jurnal Kebijakan Pertanahan 2, no. 2 (May 28, 2023): 119–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.31292/mj.v2i2.34.
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The significance of Technical Land Considerations (PTP) has grown in importance following the implementation of the Government Regulation replacing the Job Creation Law, particularly as an essential input for issuing Suitability of Spatial Utilization Activities (KKPR). Meanwhile, there are still many gaps in land use status that require effective monitoring activities. In order to effectively carry out land control, data and information regarding land control, ownership, and land use and utilization are required. PTP can be used as an effective land control instrument because it is an input to the issuance of KKPR and subsequently becomes a reference in land ownership applications. The effectiveness of PTP in land control is based on three factors that need to be properly applied: the presentation of the substance of PTP, PTP decisions, and PTP monitoring. PTP substances must be arranged in an accurate, objective, and up-to-date manner. PTP decisions must be informed by a comprehensive and thorough review and the impact of decisions on the community. Monitoring the outcome of the TPP decision is becoming a reference point for the continuation of the land ownership process. To ensure the ongoing issuance of PTP for various land activities, it is essential to incorporate the substance material of PTP into the records of land inspections. This integration facilitates the acquisition of comprehensive information that is pertinent to land ownership applications. In addition, the Land Office can anticipate problems with land tenure that is to be the subject of a land ownership application.
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Ding, Xin, Matti Tuikka, and Matti Haukka. "A Novel Halogen Bond Acceptor: 1-(4-Pyridyl)-4-Thiopyridine (PTP) Zwitterion." Crystals 10, no. 3 (March 3, 2020): 165. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst10030165.
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Sulfur is a widely used halogen bond (XB) acceptor, but only a limited number of neutral XB acceptors with bifurcated sp3-S sites have been reported. In this work a new bidentate XB acceptor, 1-(4-pyridyl)-4-thiopyridine (PTP), which combines sp3-S and sp2-N acceptor sites, is introduced. Three halogen bonded cocrystals were obtained by using 1,4-diiodobenzene (DIB), 1,4-diiodotetrafluorobenzene (DIFB), and iodopentafluorobenzene (IPFB) as XB donors and PTP as acceptor. The structures of the cocrystals showed some XB selectivity between the S and N donors in PTP. However, the limited contribution of XB to the overall molecular packing in these three cocrystals and the results from DSC measurements clearly point out the synergetic influence and interplay of all noncovalent interactions in crystal packing of these compounds.
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Fisher, Kimberly V., and Paul R. Swank. "Estimating Phonation Threshold Pressure." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 40, no. 5 (October 1997): 1122–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/jslhr.4005.1122.
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Phonation threshold pressure (PTP) is the minimum subglottal pressure required to initiate vocal fold oscillation. Although potentially useful clinically, PTP is difficult to estimate noninvasively because of limitations to vocal motor control near the threshold of soft phonation. Previous investigators observed, for example, that trained subjects were unable to produce flat, consistent oral pressure peaks during /pæ/ syllable strings when they attempted to phonate as softly as possible (Verdolini-Marston, Titze, & Druker, 1990). The present study aimed to determine if nasal airflow or vowel context affected phonation threshold pressure as estimated from oral pressure (Smitheran & Hixon, 1981) in 5 untrained female speakers with normal velopharyngeal and voice function. Nasal airflow during /p/ occlusion was observed for 3 of 5 participants when they attempted to phonate near threshold pressure. When the nose was occluded, nasal airflow was reduced or eliminated during /p/; however, individuals then evidenced compensatory changes in glottal adduction and/or respiratory effort that may be expected to alter PTP estimates. Results demonstrate the importance of monitoring nasal flow (or the flow zero point in undivided masks) when obtaining PTP measurements noninvasively. Results also highlight the need to pursue improved methods for noninvasive estimation of PTP.
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PEDERSEN, Anja K., Xiao-Ling GUO, Karin B. MØLLER, Günther H. PETERS, Henrik S. ANDERSEN, Jette S. KASTRUP, Steen B. MORTENSEN, Lars F. IVERSEN, Zhong-Yin ZHANG, and Niels Peter H. MØLLER. "Residue 182 influences the second step of protein-tyrosine phosphatase-mediated catalysis." Biochemical Journal 378, no. 2 (March 1, 2004): 421–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj20030565.
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Previous enzyme kinetic and structural studies have revealed a critical role for Asp181 (PTP1B numbering) in PTP (protein-tyrosine phosphatase)-mediated catalysis. In the E-P (phosphoenzyme) formation step, Asp181 functions as a general acid, while in the E-P hydrolysis step it acts as a general base. Most of our understanding of the role of Asp181 is derived from studies with the Yersinia PTP and the mammalian PTP1B, and to some extent also TC (T-cell)-PTP and the related PTPα and PTP∊. The neighbouring residue 182 is a phenylalanine in these four mammalian enzymes and a glutamine in Yersinia PTP. Surprisingly, little attention has been paid to the fact that this residue is a histidine in most other mammalian PTPs. Using a reciprocal single-point mutational approach with introduction of His182 in PTP1B and Phe182 in PTPH1, we demonstrate here that His182-PTPs, in comparison with Phe182-PTPs, have significantly decreased kcat values, and to a lesser degree, decreased kcat/Km values. Combined enzyme kinetic, X-ray crystallographic and molecular dynamics studies indicate that the effect of His182 is due to interactions with Asp181 and with Gln262. We conclude that residue 182 can modulate the functionality of both Asp181 and Gln262 and therefore affect the E-P hydrolysis step of PTP-mediated catalysis.
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Alghamdi, Waleed, and Michael Schukat. "A Security Enhancement of the Precision Time Protocol Using a Trusted Supervisor Node." Sensors 22, no. 10 (May 11, 2022): 3671. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22103671.
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The Precision Time Protocol (PTP) as described in IEEE 1588–2019 provides a sophisticated mechanism to achieve microsecond or even sub-microsecond synchronization of computer clocks in a well-designed and managed network, therefore meeting the needs of even the most time-sensitive industrial and financial applications. However, PTP is prone to many security threats that impact on a correct clock synchronization, leading to potentially devastating consequences. Here, the most vicious attacks are internal attacks, where a threat actor has full access to the infrastructure including any cryptographic keys used. This paper builds on existing research on the impact of internal attack strategies on PTP networks. It shows limitations of existing security approaches to tackle internal attacks and proposes a new security approach using a trusted supervisor node (TSN), in line with prong D as specified in IEEE 1588–2019. A TSN collects and analyzes delay and offset outputs of monitored slaves, as well as timestamps embedded in PTP synchronization messages, allowing it to detect abnormal patterns that point to an attack. The paper distinguishes between two types of TSN with different capabilities and proposes two different detection algorithms. Experiments show the ability of the proposed method to detect all internal PTP attacks, while outlining its limitations.
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Cuppen, Edwin, Herlinde Gerrits, Barry Pepers, Bé Wieringa, and Wiljan Hendriks. "PDZ Motifs in PTP-BL and RIL Bind to Internal Protein Segments in the LIM Domain Protein RIL." Molecular Biology of the Cell 9, no. 3 (March 1998): 671–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.9.3.671.
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The specificity of protein–protein interactions in cellular signaling cascades is dependent on the sequence and intramolecular location of distinct amino acid motifs. We used the two-hybrid interaction trap to identify proteins that can associate with the PDZ motif-rich segment in the protein tyrosine phosphatase PTP-BL. A specific interaction was found with the Lin-11, Isl-1, Mec-3 (LIM) domain containing protein RIL. More detailed analysis demonstrated that the binding specificity resides in the second and fourth PDZ motif of PTP-BL and the LIM domain in RIL. Immunohistochemistry on various mouse tissues revealed a submembranous colocalization of PTP-BL and RIL in epithelial cells. Remarkably, there is also an N-terminal PDZ motif in RIL itself that can bind to the RIL-LIM domain. We demonstrate here that the RIL-LIM domain can be phosphorylated on tyrosine in vitro and in vivo and can be dephosphorylated in vitro by the PTPase domain of PTP-BL. Our data point to the presence of a double PDZ-binding interface on the RIL-LIM domain and suggest tyrosine phosphorylation as a regulatory mechanism for LIM-PDZ associations in the assembly of multiprotein complexes. These findings are in line with an important role of PDZ-mediated interactions in the shaping and organization of submembranous microenvironments of polarized cells.
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Lu, Li Hua, Ying Chun Liang, H. Tachikawa, Yong Feng Guo, and Akira Shimokohbe. "Nanometer Positioning System Based on Ball Screw." Key Engineering Materials 315-316 (July 2006): 710–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.315-316.710.
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This paper deals with nanometer positioning in the presence of friction. The object researched is a ball-screw-driven and linear-ball-guide-supported table system. For such system, models that do not account for friction can only be applicable to describe the macrodynamic behavior which is significantly different from the microdynamic one. A PID controller is designed with high-loop gain to suppress the effect of friction. The controller parameters are calculated by pole placement according to macrodynamics, no identification of friction and friction model are necessary. Experiment and simulation results indicate that nanometer positioning can be realized in this system by the controller. In point-to-point (PTP) positioning for step heights from 0.1μm to 1mm, the positioning error is within ±5 nm and the response characteristics are satisfactory.
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Lu, Li Hua, Yong Feng Guo, H. Tachikawa, Ying Chun Liang, and Akira Shimokohbe. "Nanometer Positioning in the Presence of Friction." Key Engineering Materials 339 (May 2007): 217–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.339.217.
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This paper deals with nanometer positioning in the presence of friction. The object studied is a ball-screw-driven and linear-ball-guide-supported table system. For this system, the friction dominates the resulting performance for micro-motion and the system exhibits microdynamic characteristic which is rather different from macrodynamics. Inherently a controller with high loop-gain is needed to suppress the effect of friction. A PID controller is designed for the table system for step height smaller than 10μm. Experiment and simulation results indicate that the PID controller can provide a sufficiently high-loop gain and effect of friction is suppressed. In point-to-point(PTP) positioning for step heights from 10μm down to 10nm, the positioning error is within ±2 nm and the response dynamics is satisfactory.
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Moon, Hyun-Geol, and Myung-Eui Lee. "Embedded Processor based PPP Implementation for Globalstar Satellite Modem." KIPS Transactions:PartC 15C, no. 5 (October 31, 2008): 409–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3745/kipstc.2008.15-c.5.409.
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Santos Tejero, Jesús Antonio, Erick Alberto Cupul Burgos, Juan Pablo Ucán Pech, and Darwin Jesús Cuxim Dzul. "Enlace PaP ITSVA - Chanyokdzonot I, Fase 1 Proyecto “TIC’S aplicadas a la educación en comunidades de la Etnia Maya”." Tecnología Educativa Revista CONAIC 5, no. 3 (January 3, 2021): 75–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.32671/terc.v5i3.62.
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Las Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicación han tenido un desarrollo muy grande en las últimas décadas, han pasado a formar parte de nuestra vida cotidiana, en este sentido el flujo de información se ha vuelto esencial en nuestra sociedad, parte primordial para que este flujo de información se pueda dar es el transporte e intercambio de datos informáticos, los cuales se efectúan a través de una línea de transmisión entre dos equipos informáticos, es decir un enlace punto a punto. Estas tecnologías también se han reflejado de manera potencial en la educación, las redes de comunicaciones como el Internet no solo cambia la enseñanza y aprendizaje actual, también la privilegia. En este artículo se presenta la primera fase de la implementación de un enlace punto a punto (PaP) entre el Instituto Tecnológico Superior de Valladolid (ITSVA) y la comunidad de Chanyokdzonot I en el Estado de Yucatán, México. Durante el periodo de estudio en esta primera fase, se observó que, del total de usuarios de la comunidad mencionada, el 90% se conectó por el enlace punto a punto implementada, por lo que se podría concluir que se requiere adicionar de una infraestructura de servicios de red e Internet accesible a dicha comunidad.
Information Technology and Communications have had a very large development in recent decades, have become part of our daily lives, and in this sense the flow of information has become essential in our society. A key part for this flow of information is the transportation and exchange of computer data, which are made through a transmission line between two informatics teams i.e. point-to-point link. These technologies have potentially reflected in education, communication networks such as the Internet not only changes current teaching and learning, but also privileges it. This paper presents the first phase of the implementation of a point-to-point (PtP) link between the Higher Technological University of Valladolid (ITSVA) and the community of Chanyokdzonot I in the State of Yucatan, Mexico. During the study period in this first phase, it was observed that, of the total number of users of this community, 90% were connected by the point-to-point link implemented, so it could be concluded that is necessary add other infrastructure of network services and Internet accessible to same community.
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Wang, Xiaodong, Bin Liu, Xuesong Mei, Jun Yang, Xialun Yun, Xiao Li, and Jian Li. "A Novel Method to Reduce the Laser Drilling Time for Hole Cluster considering the Influence of Residual Vibration of the Sample Stage." Shock and Vibration 2020 (June 29, 2020): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8342041.
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In large areas of laser drilling, the residual vibration occurs when the sample stage moves in PTP (Point to Point) movement. It affects the surface quality and processing efficiency of the holes. The common solution for this problem is to set the laser irradiation delay time by the controller to wait for the residual vibration attenuation, but the whole drilling circle will increase. In this paper, a new method is introduced to reduce the laser drilling circle. By setting the allowable threshold of the residual vibration for the subsequent process, the sum of the time in deceleration segment of the trapezoidal moving profile, and the time when the residual vibration attenuates below the amplitude threshold (ST) can be minimized as the optimization goal. The results show that for a given operating speed, there is always an optimum acceleration value for the deceleration segment of the trapezoidal moving profile, which minimizes the ST value. Further, the delay time for laser irradiation can also be estimated according to the optimal acceleration during laser drilling.
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Gavriely, N., K. B. Kelly, J. B. Grotberg, and S. H. Loring. "Critical pressures required for generation of forced expiratory wheezes." Journal of Applied Physiology 66, no. 3 (March 1, 1989): 1136–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1989.66.3.1136.
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Flow limitation (FL) has recently been shown to be a necessary condition for the generation of forced expiratory wheezes (FEW) in normal subjects. The present study was designed to investigate whether it is also a sufficient condition. To do so we studied the effects of varying expiratory effort on generation of FEW. Six normal subjects exhaled with varying force into an orifice in line with a high-impedance suction pump. Esophageal (Pes), airway opening, and transpulmonary (Ptp) pressures were measured alongside flow rate, lung volume, and tracheal lung sounds. In each subject a certain critical degree of effort had to be attained before FEW were generated. This effort, measured as Pes at the onset of wheezes, varied among the subjects (range -11 to 45 cmH2O). Similarly, a minimal Ptp had to be reached for FEW to evolve (mean +/- SD -34 +/- 12 cmH2O, range -18 to -50 cmH2O). These critical Pes and Ptp values were significantly higher than those required for FL. It was concluded that, in addition to the requirement for FL, sufficient levels of effort and negative Ptp must exist before FEW can be generated. By analogy to experimental and theoretical results from studies on flow-induced oscillations in self-supporting collapsible tubes, it was further concluded that these pressures are required to induce flattening of the intrathoracic airways downstream from the choke point. It is this configurational change that causes air speed to become equal to or exceed the critical gas velocity needed to induce oscillations in soft-walled tubes.
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Wu, Jiazheng, Hongyun Liu, Yingjun Ruan, Shanshan Wang, Jiamin Yuan, and Huiming Lu. "A Novel Method for Network Design and Optimization of District Energy Systems: Considering Network Topology Planning and Pipe Diameter." Applied Sciences 11, no. 4 (February 18, 2021): 1795. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11041795.
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This paper proposes a new network topology design method that considers all the road nodes, energy stations and load centers to ensure the distribution of pipes along the road. The traditional graph theory and Prim Minimum Spanning Tree (MST) are used to simplify the map and minimize the length of the pipeline. After analyzing the limitations of the traditional network topology model, Point-to-Point (PTP), we present a new model, Energy Station-to-Load Point (ESLP). The model is optimized by minimum cost, not the shortest path. Finally, Pipe Diameter Grading (PDG) is proposed based on ESLP by solving for the pipe diameter that gives the minimum cost under different load demands in the process of optimization. The network design method is effectively applied in a case, and the results show that the path of the optimized plan is 1.88% longer than that of the pre-optimized plan, but the cost is 2.38% lower. The sensitivity analysis shows that the cost of pipeline construction, project life and electricity price all have an impact on the optimization results, and the cost of pipeline construction is the most significant. The difference between the different classifications of pipelines affects whether PDG is effective or not.
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J. Brahmana and Azis Kelana. "BUD ROT DISEASE ON PB 121 COCONUT AT BANGUN PURBA PTP VI, NORTH SUMATRA." CORD 4, no. 02 (December 1, 1988): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.37833/cord.v4i02.214.
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Three‑year observations made upto 1987 on coconut hybrid PB121 (Malayan Yellow Dwarf x West Affican Tall) planted at the Bangun Purba PTP VI Estate, North Sumatra in 1977 revealed a 9.5 percent infestation by bud‑rot disease. Bud‑rot is disastrous since it kills the only growing point of the plant, and until today no remedy has been found out other than uprooting and destroying the diseased palms. Exast cause of but‑rot is not known, eventhough the fungus Phytophthora palmivora is associated with the affected palms. This disease is noticed exclusively on mature palms, older than four years, and is found to spread blockwise.
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Avraham, Yehonatan, and Monika Pinchas. "A Low-Computational Burden Closed-Form Approximated Expression for MSE Applicable for PTP with gfGn Environment." Fractal and Fractional 8, no. 7 (July 17, 2024): 418. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fractalfract8070418.
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The Precision Time Protocol (PTP) plays a pivotal role in achieving precise frequency and time synchronization in computer networks. However, network delays and jitter in real systems introduce uncertainties that can compromise synchronization accuracy. Three clock skew estimators designed for the PTP scenario were obtained in our earlier work, complemented by closed-form approximations for the Mean Squared Error (MSE) under the generalized fractional Gaussian noise (gfGn) model, incorporating the Hurst exponent parameter (H) and the a parameter. These expressions offer crucial insights for network designers, aiding in the strategic selection and implementation of clock skew estimators. However, substantial computational resources are required to fit each expression to the gfGn model parameters (H and a) from the MSE perspective requirement. This paper introduces new closed-form estimates that approximate the MSE tailored to match gfGn scenarios that have a lower computational burden compared to the literature-known expressions and that are easily adaptable from the computational burden point of view to different pairs of H and a parameters. Thus, the system requires less substantial computational resources and might be more cost-effective.
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Hangan-Steinman, Dolores, Wai-chi Ho, Priti Shenoy, Bosco MC Chan, and Vincent L. Morris. "Differences in phosphatase modulation of α4 β1 and α5 β1 integrin-mediated adhesion and migration of B16F1 cells." Biochemistry and Cell Biology 77, no. 5 (October 1, 1999): 409–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/o99-050.
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It is well established that a biphasic relationship exists between the adhesive strength of β1 integrins and their ability to mediate cell movement. Thus, cell movement increases progressively with adhesive strength, but beyond a certain point of optimal interaction, cell movement is reduced with further increases in adhesive function. The interplay between the various kinase and phosphatase activities provides the balance in β1 integrin-mediated cell adhesion and migration. In the present study, the significance of protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTP) and ser/thr protein phosphatases (PP) in α4β1 and α5β1 integrin-mediated mouse melanoma B16F1 cell anchorage and migration on fibronectin was characterized using phosphatase inhibitors. At low fibronectin concentration, α5β1 functioned as the predominant receptor for cell movement; a role for α4β1 in B16F1 cell migration increased progressively with fibronectin concentration. Treatment of B16F1 cells with PTP inhibitors, sodium orthovanadate (Na3VO4) and phenylarsine oxide (PAO), or PP-1/2A inhibitor, okadaic acid (OA), abolished cell movement. Inhibition of cell movement by PAO and OA was associated by a reduction in the adhesive strength of α4β1 and α5β1. In contrast, treatment of B16F1 cells with Na3VO4 resulted in selective stimulation of the adhesive function of α5β1, but not α4β1. Therefore, our results demonstrate that (i) both PTP and PP-1/2A have roles in cell movement, (ii) modulation of cell movement by PTP and PP-1/2A may involve either a stimulation or reduction of β1 integrin adhesive strength, and (iii) distinct phosphatase-mediated signaling pathways for differential regulation of the various β1 integrins exist. Key words: phosphatases, integrins, cell movement, cell adhesion.
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Benedetti, I., O. Chiavola, F. Palmieri, and L. Tundo. "Analysis of Flow Rate Distribution in Progressive Divider for Reciprocating Compressor Lubrication." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2648, no. 1 (December 1, 2023): 012052. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2648/1/012052.
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Abstract Reciprocating compressors require a correct fluid delivery to each lubrication point. Lubricant defeat means higher component wear and damages, whereas lubricant excess leads to undesired contamination of the processed gas, energy waste and ambient pollution. Two main lubrication systems are used for reciprocating compressors, namely “Pump To Point” (PTP) and “Progressive Divider” (PD) systems. In the first one, there are as many pumps as lubrication points and on each pump unit it is possible to adjust the flow rate delivery. In the second one, a single pump delivers the lubricant to a volumetric flow divider, which provides the metered amount to each lubrication point. A Progressive Divider is modelled under lumped parameter approach, with the aim to highlight its sensitivity to the main operating parameters and to provide awareness about its available operating range. The model is built in Amesim environment and validated thanks to a specific experimental activity that allows to relate the distributed amounts to the lubrication points. The model allows to simulate the PD system under the typical conditions of reciprocating compressors, pointing out its sensitivity on the pressure unbalance among the lubrication points and on the fluid properties. The lumped parameter modelling of PD systems is found to provide reliable information on fluid distribution, effective for design and diagnose activities and for research and development in the field of hydraulic progressive dividers.
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Infanti, Dino, Deepk Jaswalr, and Sonam Toor. "Personal Tax Planning: Getting a GRIP on New Passive Investment Rules and Integration." Canadian Tax Journal/Revue fiscale canadienne 67, no. 4 (December 27, 2019): 1267–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.32721/ctj.2019.67.4.ptp.
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This article discusses integration in the Canadian tax system and describes how legislation originating from changes announced in the 2018 federal budget affects Canadian-controlled private corporations. The authors point out that refundable dividend tax on hand is now split into two pools, one for eligible refundable dividend tax on hand and one for non-eligible refundable dividend tax on hand. As well, the authors discuss two recent changes to the small business deduction rules: (1) the reduction of the small business deduction where passive investment income exceeds a specified limit and (2) the expanded application of the rules for sharing the small business limit among corporations within a corporate group.
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Schmidt-Arras, Dirk-E., Annette Böhmer, Boyka Markova, Chunaram Choudhary, Hubert Serve, and Frank-D. Böhmer. "Tyrosine Phosphorylation Regulates Maturation of Receptor Tyrosine Kinases." Molecular and Cellular Biology 25, no. 9 (May 1, 2005): 3690–703. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.25.9.3690-3703.2005.
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ABSTRACT Constitutive activation of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) is a frequent event in human cancer cells. Activating mutations in Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT-3), notably, internal tandem duplications in the juxtamembrane domain (FLT-3 ITD), have been causally linked to acute myeloid leukemia. As we describe here, FLT-3 ITD exists predominantly in an immature, underglycosylated 130-kDa form, whereas wild-type FLT-3 is expressed predominantly as a mature, complex glycosylated 150-kDa molecule. Endogenous FLT-3 ITD, but little wild-type FLT-3, is detectable in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) compartment. Conversely, cell surface expression of FLT-3 ITD is less efficient than that of wild-type FLT-3. Inhibition of FLT-3 ITD kinase by small molecules, inactivating point mutations, or coexpression with the protein-tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) SHP-1, PTP1B, and PTP-PEST but not RPTPα promotes complex glycosylation and surface localization. However, PTP coexpression has no effect on the maturation of a surface glycoprotein of vesicular stomatitis virus. The maturation of wild-type FLT-3 is impaired by general PTP inhibition or by suppression of endogenous PTP1B. Enhanced complex formation of FLT-3 ITD with the ER-resident chaperone calnexin indicates that its retention in the ER is related to inefficient folding. The regulation of RTK maturation by tyrosine phosphorylation was observed with other RTKs as well, defines a possible role for ER-resident PTPs, and may be related to the altered signaling quality of constitutively active, transforming RTK mutants.
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Gundlach, Erich R., Geoffrey Moss, Fiorella de Vincenti, and John Janssen. "RESOURCE MAPPING AND CONTINGENCY PLANNING, PTP PIPELINE FACILITIES, PANAMA." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 1985, no. 1 (February 1, 1985): 229–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-1985-1-229.
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ABSTRACT The facilities of the PTP (PetroTerminal de Panama) consist of an 80 mile long, 36 inch pipeline and two marine terminals. The Pacific facility consists of three shore-based terminals to handle tankers from Valdez, Alaska. The Atlantic terminal contains two single-point moorings to load tankers destined for U.S. ports along the Gulf of Mexico. Prior to the opening of the pipeline, the government of Panama contracted for a series of studies designed to better understand the shoreline sensitivity, marine resources, archaeology, and limnology along the pipeline route and adjacent to each terminal. Results of the shoreline sensitivity analysis indicate that, by far, the Atlantic terminal in the Laguna de Chiriqui is the most sensitive and likely to be damaged during a spill. The laguna has almost no tides, is relatively stagnant, and is dominated by mangroves (51 percent of the total shoreline). In contrast, the Pacific terminal contains much higher tides and currents and fewer mangroves [44 percent of the total shoreline, but less than 5 percent within 30 miles of the terminal]. In response to environmental concerns and greatly supported and advised by the pipeline user companies, PTP completed a workable spill-response plan, developed along three fronts: the active and continuing purchase of spill-response equipment for use at the marine facilities as well as in fast-moving streams; the creation of specially trained spill-response teams; and the delegation of clear lines of authority for both land and marine spills. The interrelated roles played by Panamanians, the people of PTP, and the pipeline user companies provide an example of how different groups can cooperatively work together to protect the environment and still maintain financially advantageous, oil-related projects in a lesser-developed country.
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Nuratiqa Natrah Mansor, Muhammad Herman Jamaluddin, Ahmad Zaki Shukor, and Syaiful Asyraf Abdul Razib. "Development of Portable Wireless Parking Sensor Device." Journal of Advanced Research in Applied Sciences and Engineering Technology 30, no. 3 (May 15, 2023): 9–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.37934/araset.30.3.915.
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Parking is regarded as one of the most difficult aspects of driving a vehicle since it is a stressful and confusing situation, even for a competent driver. Therefore, there are many parking sensor devices designed to facilitate the user's search for a parking spot. The ultrasonic sensor was used for the construction of the parking sensor gadget because it is more resistant to environmental conditions than other sensors. This project's objective is to create a portable, wireless parking sensor device by utilizing ultrasonic sensor features in SolidWorks, Proteus, and Arduino. The prototype of the SolidWorks 3D portable wireless parking sensor gadget has to be rigorously tested at parking spaces for vehicles several times in order to depict the actual environment accurately. To facilitate a seamless vehicle detecting procedure, it was necessary that the prototype be strong and durable. After implementing 2 different types of ad-hoc networks, the outcomes showed that the nRF24L01 module normally offers two types of alternatives, either in mesh routed form or Point-to-Point link (PtP). However, the latter is most recommended to gain higher performance and more configurable.
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Feingold, Jay M., Mark P. Smith, Richard Littlewood, and Paul Giangrande. "A Post-Marketing Surveillance Study of the Safety and Efficiacy of Refacto® (Moroctocog Alfa, B-Domain Deleted Recombinant Factor VIII) (St. Louis-Derived Active Substance in the Treatment and Prevension of Bleeding Episodes in Hemophilia a Patients." Blood 104, no. 11 (November 16, 2004): 4023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v104.11.4023.4023.
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Abstract This was an open-label, multicenter, post-marketing surveillance study conducted in Belgium, France, Germany, Italy, Netherlands, New Zealand, Switzerland, and UK. The objectives were to assess the safety and clinical efficacy of ReFacto St Louis-derived active substance (STL) in the treatment and prevention of bleeding episodes in patients with hemophilia A in the usual care setting. 60 patients with moderate to severe hemophilia A (FVIII:C <5%) with no history of FVIII inhibitor were enrolled (58 were previously treated patients and 2 were previously untreated patients). Data on infusions, concomitant medications, adverse events, and inhibitor development were collected from patients at regular intervals. Efficacy for prophylaxis was assessed by the investigator approximately every 3 months until 50 exposure days, 6 months or study termination using the number of breakthrough bleeding episodes and the 3-point scale (excellent, effective, and inadequate). The efficacy of each on-demand treatment administered was assessed using the 4-point scale (excellent, good, moderate, and no response). The investigator and surgeon assessed efficacy of surgical prophylaxis jointly after each surgery using the 4-point scale (excellent, good, moderate, and no response). Factor VIII inhibitor (using local laboratory Bethesda assay) was evaluated at screening, after 10 EDs, after 30 EDs, and at the end of treatment. The investigator determined all dosing and treatment regimens. In the prophylaxis treatment group, no particular prophylaxis regimen was enforced. A total of 32 patients aged 0–66 years initially received prophylaxis treatment: 10 (31%) patients reported no breakthrough bleeds. A median of 6.25 bleeds per year occurred in all prophylaxis patients. Twenty-nine assessments of the prophylactic treatment final outcome were made: 93% of these assessments were excellent or effective. A total of 28 patients aged 1–71 years initially received on-demand treatment with ReFacto STL. 95.2% of bleeds were resolved with 1 or 2 infusions. The assessment of treatment response was excellent or good in 98% of cases. Seven patients underwent 7 surgical procedures, haemostasis was achieved all cases and ReFacto STL was rated as providing an excellent or good response as the final outcome in each case. As this was a post-marketing study, safety evaluation was focused on collection of serious AEs and product-related non-serious AEs. One PTP (1/58, 1.7%) developed a high titre inhibitor and 1/58 (1.7%) developed a low titre transient inhibitor. One PUP developed a low titre transient inhibitor (0.4 BU). SAEs included 1 fatal intracranial hemorrhage (considered unrelated to ReFacto), 5 preplanned surgeries, 1 episode of gastroenteritis, and 1 hemorrhage. There were no allergic events. Three patients were withdrawn from treatment for safety reasons (1 patient due to death, 1 PTP due to high titre inhibitor and 1 PTP due to low titre transient inhibitor). The nature and incidence of non-serious AEs did not raise new safety concerns. The majority of AEs were mild or moderate in severity.
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Root, Hayley J., R. Curtis Bay, and Lindsay J. DiStefano. "INFLUENCE OF PREVENTIVE TRAINING PROGRAM FEEDBACK COMPLEXITY ON ATHLETE INJURY RISK." Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 8, no. 4_suppl3 (April 1, 2020): 2325967120S0027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967120s00272.
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Background: Preventive training programs (PTPs) reduce injury risk in youth athletes. Corrective verbal feedback is an integral component of PTP implementation; however, too many cues delivered at once may be too complicated for youth athletes. PTPs with simplified cues may be more effective as traditional PTPs to improve athlete injury risk. Hypothesis/Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate changes in movements associated with injury risk youth athletes participating in a season-long PTP: with simplified feedback cues, with traditional feedback cues, or in a warm-up of the coaches’ choosing. Methods: A cluster-randomized controlled trial was utilized. Youth soccer teams were randomized into: simplified or traditional PTP, or the control group. Simplified and traditional PTPs were the same duration (10-15 minutes) with the same exercises, but the simplified PTP only provided sagittal plane feedback cues (e.g., “get low”) and the traditional PTP provided feedback in all planes of motion (e.g., “don’t let your knees cave inward”). Teams in the control group performed their coach’s warm-up. Participants completed two test sessions (PRE-season, POST-season) with three trials of a jump-landing task evaluated using the Landing Error Scoring System (LESS). The LESS is a valid and reliable clinical movement assessment. Participants jumped off a 30-cm high box to a distance half their height and immediately rebounded straight in the air for maximum vertical height. A single, reliable rater graded all trials. Three trials were averaged together for one composite LESS score at each time point. A generalized linear model was used to evaluate differences in composite LESS score between warm-up (Simplified, Traditional, Control) over time (PRE, POST) while controlling for team. All data were analyzed using SPSS Version 21.0 (p<0.05). Results: There were no significant differences between Simplified and Traditional PTPs (P>0.05) so the PTPs were combined into a single group (Intervention) and compared to Control from PRE to POST. Four-hundred and twenty athletes (Intervention n=291 athletes, Control n=129 athletes) participated. The Intervention group improved LESS scores ((Mean±SE [95% CI]) Intervention PRE:6.32±0.17 [5.99,6.67], Intervention POST: 5.36±0.16 [5.05,5.69], Control PRE: 6.58±0.35 [5.94,7.30], Control POST: 6.09±0.34 [5.47,6.79])(P=.04). Conclusion: Regardless of PTP, athletes improved movement technique. These findings suggest that simplified corrective feedback is as effective as more complex feedback. Future studies should look to train coaches to focus on simplified cues and evaluate impact on PTP implementation.
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Samuseviča, Alīda, and Santa Striguna. "Pedagoģiskās kompetences refleksija profesionālajā izaugsmē." Pedagoģija: teorija un prakse : zinātnisko rakstu krājums = Pedagogy: Theory and Practice : collection of scientific articles, no. IX (April 6, 2020): 115–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.37384/ptp.2020.09.115.
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Formation of professional identity is an important point of reference for awareness of professional and personal experience. Moments of doubt and worry are both typical in the process of the acquisition of teacher’s profession, when going through these stages step by step, the belief in one’s own strength is achieved. The basis of teachers’ professional activity is their own self-development motivation and development together with their students, actualizing the didactic competence in the context of educational reforms. The self-educational competence can be characterised as an integrative quality of a personality and his/her professional activity, which is inseparable from the personality’s ability to engage in a systematic, independently organized cognitive activity directed towards the follow-up of education in general – cultural and professional aspects, and it is formed, organized and mentioned by the very subject of the cognitive activity. The data of the empirical research confirm that reflection on teachers’ involvement in the research and pedagogical work is a constant assessment process of their own activity and a requirement of modern education, as well as a deliberate professional necessity helping the practising teachers to develop their own theoretical and practical awareness of the issues of pedagogical competence enhancement.
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Nuri, Hafni Lissa, Marliyadi Pancoko, Abdul Jami, Hana Subhiyah, Tanti Ardiyati, Dian Maya Sari, and Adinda Tisha Desviana. "FABRICATION OF PLASTIC SCINTILLATOR USING POLYSTYRENE MATRIX BASED." Spektra: Jurnal Fisika dan Aplikasinya 7, no. 3 (December 30, 2022): 141–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.21009/spektra.073.03.
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Experiments on making a plastic scintillator with polystyrene as a base material mixed with fluorescent compounds (primary and secondary dopants) have been performed. Primary dopants (PTP) used to produce emission at wavelengths of visible light and secondary dopants (POPOP) to shift the visible wavelengths to wavelengths that could be detected by Photomultiplier Tube (PMT) ) were carried out. Experiments were performed on the melting points condition of these materials, which had previously been subjected to a thermo-mechanical analysis using a Thermogravimetric Analysis-Differential Scanning Calorimetry (TGA-DSC) machine, where the melting point was in the range of 200-240°C. Furthermore, the fabrication was carried out using the extrusion technique, where polystyrene pellets mixed with PTP (1.5% by weight) and POPOP (0.05% by weight) were fed into an extrusion machine which has four hot areas to obtain a thin plate plastic scintillator. The plates were then analyzed with a UV-Vis Spectrophotometer to determine the absorption spectrum and Fluorescence Spectrophotometer to determine the emission spectrum. From the results of the analysis, it was found that the samples that went through scintillation pellets and without the addition of antioxidants had absorption spectrum data of 330 nm and emission spectrum of 421 nm. These values are in accordance with the characteristics of plastic scintillators on the market.
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Brusasco, V., R. Pellegrino, B. Violante, and E. Crimi. "Relationship between quasi-static pulmonary hysteresis and maximal airway narrowing in humans." Journal of Applied Physiology 72, no. 6 (June 1, 1992): 2075–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1992.72.6.2075.
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Two groups of subjects were studied: one with (group 1: 5 healthy and 4 mildly asthmatic subjects) and another without (group 2:9 moderately and severely asthmatic subjects) a plateau of response to methacholine (MCh). We determined the effect of deep inhalation by comparing expiratory flows at 40% of forced vital capacity from maximal and partial flow-volume curves (MEF40M/P) and the quasi-static transpulmonary pressure-volume (Ptp-V) area. In group 1, MEF40M/P increased from 1.58 +/- 0.23 (SE) at baseline up to a maximum of 3.91 +/- 0.69 after MCh when forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) was decreased on plateau by 24 +/- 2%. The plateau of FEV1 was always paralleled by a plateau of MEF40M/P. In group 2, MEF40 M/P increased from 1.58 +/- 0.10 at baseline up to a maximum of 3.48 +/- 0.26 after MCh when FEV1 was decreased by 31 +/- 3% and then decreased to 2.42 +/- 0.24 when FEV1 was decreased by 46 +/- 2%. Ptp-V area was similar in the two groups at baseline yet was increased by 122 +/- 9% in group 2 and unchanged in group 1 at MCh end point. These findings suggest that the increased maximal response to MCh in asthmatic subjects is associated with an involvement of the lung periphery.
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Wartono, Moh Erkamim, Erni Widarti, Muhammad Rizal Fernandita Pamungkas, Danarti Karsono, Saifuddin Saifuddin, and Argia Putri Ramadhani. "OPTIMALISASI QOS PADA JARINGAN INTERNET BUMDES DESA KARANGSARI." GANESHA: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat 5, no. 1 (January 2, 2025): 282–90. https://doi.org/10.36728/ganesha.v5i1.4496.
Full textAbstract:
Balai Desa Karangsari di Kecamatan Jatiyoso, Kabupaten Karanganyar, dalam meningkatkan pendapatan desa memiliki usaha berupa internet mandiri. Internet ini berasal dari internet service provider (ISP) swasta yang mana untuk penyaluran koneksi ke end user BUMDES karangsari mengelola jaringan kabel atau nirkabel secara mandiri. Jaringan Kabel yang digunakan berupa Fiber to the home (FTTH) sebagai media dalam pendistribusian koneksi internet. Selain menggunakan FTTH, untuk lokasi yang masih belum terjangkau oleh fiber optik, desa karangsari menggunakan media wireless untuk melakukan Point to point (PTP) atau point to multipoint (PTMP) agar dapat menghubungkan kawasan atau daerah yang belum dapat terjangkau oleh kabel tersebut. BUMDES karangsari memiliki mini server berupa Mikrotik yang digunakan untuk mengelola dan memonitoring koneksi internet. Saat ini user atau pengguna yang dikelola BUMDES karangsari sudah lebih dari 1000 user yang terbagi kedalam 3 server. Dengan resource server yang terbatas untuk dapat mengelola koneksi internet dengan baik maka perlu dilakukan manajemen user sebaik mungkin guna meningkatkan stabilitas internet yang ada. Manajemen user yang dilakukan pada server BUMDES Karangsari saat ini masih menggunakan manajemen default atau standar Mikrotik baik dari limitasi ataupun konfigurasi lainnya. Maka perlu dilakukan manajemen QOS lebih lanjut untuk mendapatkan koneksi yang baik mengingat jumlah user semakin banyak. Manajemen QOS yang dilakukan berupa konfigurasi QOS Priority yang mana koneksi-koneksi tertentu akan dipisah dan diprioritaskan seperti koneksi DNS, PING, Game, Aplikasi online dan lain sebagainya sehingga jika koneksi internet BUMDES Karangsari dalam posisi Peak masih nyaman untuk digunakan. Dengan adanya manajemen user yang baik diharapkan pengguna internet Desa karangsari bisa meningkat dan dapat menjadi tambahan pendapatan desa dan menjadi desa yang mandiri secara koneksi internet dan finansial.
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Fish, Emily, Victor Novack, Valerie M. Banner-Goodspeed, Todd Sarge, Stephen Loring, and Daniel Talmor. "The Esophageal Pressure-Guided Ventilation 2 (EPVent2) trial protocol: a multicentre, randomised clinical trial of mechanical ventilation guided by transpulmonary pressure." BMJ Open 4, no. 10 (October 2014): e006356. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2014-006356.
Full textAbstract:
IntroductionOptimal ventilator management for patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) remains uncertain. Lower tidal volume ventilation appears to be beneficial, but optimal management of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) remains unclear. The Esophageal Pressure-Guided Ventilation 2 Trial (EPVent2) aims to examine the impact of mechanical ventilation directed at maintaining a positive transpulmonary pressure (PTP) in patients with moderate-to-severe ARDS.Methods and analysisEPVent2 is a multicentre, prospective, randomised, phase II clinical trial testing the hypothesis that the use of a PTP-guided ventilation strategy will lead to improvement in composite outcomes of mortality and time off the ventilator at 28 days as compared with a high-PEEP control. This study will enrol 200 study participants from 11 hospitals across North America. The trial will utilise a primary composite end point that incorporates death and days off the ventilator at 28 days to test the primary hypothesis that adjusting ventilator pressure to achieve positive PTP values will result in improved mortality and ventilator-free days.Ethics and disseminationSafety oversight will be under the direction of an independent Data and Safety Monitoring Board (DSMB). Approval of the protocol was obtained from the DSMB prior to enrolling the first study participant. Approvals of the protocol as well as informed consent documents were also obtained from the Institutional Review Board of each participating institution prior to enrolling study participants at each respective site. The findings of this investigation, as well as associated ancillary studies, will be disseminated in the form of oral and abstract presentations at major national and international medical specialty meetings. The primary objective and other significant findings will also be presented in manuscript form. All final, published manuscripts resulting from this protocol will be submitted to PubMed Central in accordance with the National Institute of Health Public Access Policy.Trial registration numberClinicalTrials.gov under number NCT01681225.
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Janky, Ferenc Nandor, and Pal Varga. "Time Synchronization Solution for FPGA-based Distributed Network Monitoring." Infocommunications journal, no. 1 (2018): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.36244/icj.2018.1.1.
Full textAbstract:
Distributed network monitoring solutions face various challenges with the increase of line speed, the extending variety of protocols, and new services with complex KPIs. This paper addresses one part of the first challenge: faster line speed necessitates time-stamping with higher granularity and higher precision than ever. Proper, system-wide time-stamping is inevitable for network monitoring and traffic analysis point of view. It is hard to find feasible time synchronization solutions for those systems that have nation-wide, physically distributed probes. Current networking equipment reside in server rooms, and have many legacy nodes. Access to GPS signal is complicated in these places, and Precision Time Protocol (PTP) does not seem to be supported by all network nodes in the near future – so high precision time-stamping is indeed a current problem. This paper suggests a novel, practical solution to overcome the obstacles. The core idea is that in real-life, distributed network monitoring systems operate with a few, finite number of probeclusters, and their site should have a precise clock provided by PTP or GPS somewhere in the building. The distribution of time information within a site is still troublesome, even within a server rack. This paper presents a closed control loop solution implemented in an FPGA-based device in order to minimize the jitter, and compensate the calculated delay.
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Ochi, Hiroaki, Koichi Komada, Kenji Tahara, and Hitoshi Kino. "Convergent Conditions of Feedforward Control for Musculoskeletal Systems with Multi 1-DOF Joints Driven by Monoarticular and Biarticular Muscles." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 35, no. 3 (June 20, 2023): 751–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.2023.p0751.
Full textAbstract:
Muscles in the musculoskeletal system can only transmit forces in the tensile direction, thereby resulting in redundant actuation. This redundancy creates an internal force among the muscles. The musculoskeletal potential method uses a potential field generated by the internal force among muscles and performs a step input of the muscle tension balanced at the desired posture to achieve the point-to-point (PTP) position. This method is extremely simple and does not require any sensory feedback or complex real-time calculations, as long as the target muscle tension is achieved. However, it is known that convergence to a desired posture is strongly influenced by muscular arrangement. In a previous study, we limited our analysis to a specific structure with two joints and six muscles and explained the conditions for convergence to a desired posture. However, when the structure of the target system, number of joints, and number of muscles are different, the convergence conditions cannot be clarified using the previous method. In this study, we extend the previous method to a musculoskeletal system with multiple one degrees-of-freedom (DOF) joints driven by monoarticular and biarticular muscles. In this study, we clarify the conditions that must be satisfied by the muscular arrangement to converge to a desired posture in the musculoskeletal potential method and verify the results through simulation.
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Han, Yuan, Chao Wang, Kairui Liu, Linxi Zhang, Yujie Zhu, Yankai Wang, Limin Wang, and Defu Che. "Simulation of Dynamic Characteristics of Supercritical Boiler Based on Coupling Model of Combustion and Hydrodynamics." Energies 17, no. 21 (October 28, 2024): 5349. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en17215349.
Full textAbstract:
To accommodate the integration of renewable energy, coal-fired power plants must take on the task of peak regulation, making the low-load operation of boilers increasingly routine. Under low-load conditions, the phase transition point (PTP) of the working fluid fluctuates, leading to potential flow instability, which can compromise boiler safety. In this paper, a one-dimensional coupled dynamic model of the combustion and hydrodynamics of a supercritical boiler is developed on the Modelica/Dymola 2022 platform. The spatial distribution of key thermal parameters in the furnace and the PTP position in the water-cooled wall (WCW) are analyzed in a 660 MW supercritical boiler when parameters on the combustion side change under full-load and low-load conditions. The dynamic response characteristics of the temperature, mass flow rate, and the PTP position are investigated. The results show that the over-fire air (OFA) ratio significantly influences the flue gas temperature distribution. A lower OFA ratio increases the flue gas temperature in the burner zone but reduces it at the furnace exit. The lower OFA ratio leads to a higher fluid temperature and shortens the length of the evaporation section. The temperature difference in the WCW outlet fluid between the 20% and 60% OFA ratios is 11.7 °C under BMCR conditions and 7.4 °C under 50% THA conditions. Under the BMCR and 50% THA conditions, a 5% increase in the coal caloric value raises the flue gas outlet temperature by 32.7 °C and 35.4 °C and the fluid outlet temperature by 6.5 °C and 9.9 °C, respectively. An increase in the coal calorific value reduces the length of the evaporation section. The changes in the length of the evaporation section are −2.95 m, 2.95 m, −2.62 m, and 0.54 m when the coal feeding rate, feedwater flow rate, feedwater temperature, and air supply rate are increased by 5%, respectively.
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Hidayat, M. Reza, Tubagus Indra Maulana Fauzian, Erna Alimudin, and Hajiar Yuliana. "Analisis Power Link Budget Pada Rancangan Jaringan Wireless Outdoor Menggunakan ISP Design Center Studi Kasus Desa Kutanagara Garut." Telekontran : Jurnal Ilmiah Telekomunikasi, Kendali dan Elektronika Terapan 10, no. 2 (October 31, 2022): 98–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.34010/telekontran.v10i2.7978.
Full textAbstract:
Salah satu permasalahan jaringan internet di pedesaan adalah sulitnya menyambungkan internet yang berbasis kabel dikarenakan jarak terlalu jauh, jaringan internet berbasis nirkabel/wireless dapat menjadi solusi alternatif dari permasalahan tersebut, oleh karena itu dilakukan penelitian analisis perhitungan Power Link Budget pada perencanaan jaringan internet wireless outdoor Desa Kutanagara Garut. Pengujian dilakukan metode perhitungan Power Link Budget dan simulasi menggunakan aplikasi ISP Design Center Ubiquiti dengan perangkat pemancar LiteAP GPS dan perangkat penerima NanoBeam 5AC. Perencanaan jaringan dibuat menggunakan sistem Point to Point (PTP) pada pita frekuensi 5725 MHz tepatnya di 5725 MHz Sub Band NII-3. Parameter yang diuji adalah SOM (EIRP, margin signal), free space loss (FSL), fresnel zone clearance (FZC), daerah cakupan, kekuatan sinyal yang didapat dan kapasitas kecepatan internet. Hasil dari perhitungan dan konfigurasi menunjukan nilai EIRP pengirim 36 dBm, EIRP penerima 36 dbm, bandwidth maksimum 20 MHz, Fresnel zone clearance 3,4 m dan kekuatan sinyal yang diterima -49 dBm. Hasil tersebut sudah memenuhi standar yang ditetapkan oleh KOMINFO dan dapat dibuat rancangan jaringannya. Hasil dari simulasi jaringan menunjukan rancangan jaringan internet sudah mencakup seluruh daerah Desa Kutanagara Garut dengan perkiraan sinyal yang didapat adalah -49 dBm, dengan margin sinyal sebesar 46,2 dB yang sudah memenuhi standar dari TIPHON dengan klasifikasi jaringan termasuk dalam kategori outstanding (sangat bagus) dan memiliki kapasitas maksimum internet 147 Mbps terdiri dari 74 Mbps kecepatan download dan 74 Mbps kecepatan upload
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DADKE, Shrikrishna, and Jonathan CHERNOFF. "Interaction of protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) 1B with its substrates is influenced by two distinct binding domains." Biochemical Journal 364, no. 2 (June 1, 2002): 377–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj20011372.
Full textAbstract:
We have shown previously that protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) 1B interacts with insulin receptor and negatively regulates insulin signalling by an N-terminal binding domain [Dadke, Kusari and Chernoff (2000) J. Biol. Chem. 275, 23642–23647] and it also negatively regulates integrin signalling through a proline-rich region present in the C-terminus [Liu, Hill and Chernoff (1996) J. Biol. Chem. 271, 31290–31295; Liu, Sells and Chernoff (1998) Curr. Biol. 8, 173–176]. Here we show that PTP1B mutants that are defective in Src homology 3 domain binding fully retain the ability to inhibit insulin signalling, whereas mutants defective in insulin-receptor binding fully retain the ability to inhibit integrin signalling. In contrast, both the C-terminal proline-rich region and the tandem tyrosine residues present in the N-terminal region are required for the activation of Src family kinases. These data show that PTP1B can independently regulate insulin and integrin signals, and that Src might represent a convergence point for regulating signal transduction by this phosphatase.