Relevant bibliographies by topics / Species Hypothesis

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Species Hypothesis'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 2 June 2025
Last updated: 31 July 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Species Hypothesis"

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Haffer, J. "Hypotheses to explain the origin of species in Amazonia." Brazilian Journal of Biology 68, no. 4 suppl (2008): 917–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1519-69842008000500003.

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The main hypotheses proposed to explain barrier formation separating populations and causing the differentiation of species in Amazonia during the course of geological history are based on different factors, as follow: (1) Changes in the distribution of land and sea or in the landscape due to tectonic movements or sea level fluctuations (Paleogeography hypothesis), (2) the barrier effect of Amazonian rivers (River hypothesis), (3) a combination of the barrier effect of broad rivers and vegetational changes in northern and southern Amazonia (River-refuge hypothesis), (4) the isolation of humid
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Yannelli, Florencia A., Wayne Dawson, Kleunen Mark van, Jonathan M. Jeschke, and Tina Heger. "Hypothesis Description: Darwin's Naturalisation Hypothesis." Research Ideas and Outcomes 11 (April 1, 2025): e140548. https://doi.org/10.3897/rio.11.e140548.

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In this contribution of the <i>Hypothesis Description</i> series, we provide an overview of one of the longest-standing hypotheses in invasion science: Darwin's naturalisation hypothesis. We present a brief summary of past definitions and propose the revised definition "high phylogenetic distance between non-native species and the recipient community increases invasion success". This formulation follows the basic form 'subject – relationship – object', enabling clarity for future research and computational applications in invasion biology. We also provide formalised definitions for previous fo
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Gammon, David E. "How is model selection determined in a vocal mimic?: Tests of five hypotheses." Behaviour 150, no. 12 (2013): 1375–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1568539x-00003101.

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Many animal species imitate the sounds of other species, but we know little about why vocal mimics copy some species while failing to copy other species, i.e., ‘model selection’. In this observational study of free-living northern mockingbirds (Mimus polyglottos), I tested five hypotheses of model selection: (1) Proximity hypothesis: preferential imitation of species found in close proximity to the vocal mimic, (2) Aggression hypothesis: preferential imitation of species with which the mimic interacts aggressively, (3) Passive sampling hypothesis: preferential imitation of species heard freque
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Kessler, André, and Aino Kalske. "Plant Secondary Metabolite Diversity and Species Interactions." Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics 49, no. 1 (2018): 115–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-110617-062406.

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Ever since the first plant secondary metabolites (PSMs) were isolated and identified, questions about their ecological functions and diversity have been raised. Recent advances in analytical chemistry and complex data computation, as well as progress in chemical ecology from mechanistic to functional and evolutionary questions, open a new box of hypotheses. Addressing these hypotheses includes the measurement of complex traits, such as chemodiversity, in a context-dependent manner and allows for a deeper understanding of the multifunctionality and functional redundancy of PSMs. Here we review
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Abarenkov, Kessy, Urmas Kõljalg, and R. Henrik Nilsson. "UNITE Species Hypotheses Matching Analysis." Biodiversity Information Science and Standards 6 (August 23, 2022): e93856. https://doi.org/10.3897/biss.6.93856.

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UNITE (User-friendly Nordic ITS Ectomycorrhizal Database) (Nilsson et al. 2018) is a theoretical and practical platform for calculating, identifying and communicating DNA-based species hypotheses that may not have been described as formal species yet. UNITE species hypotheses (SH) matching analysis is a digital service for the global species discovery from environmental DNA (eDNA). SH matching service is based on UNITE datasets hosted in PlutoF. The tool places a user's unknown DNA sequences in FASTA format into existing UNITE species hypotheses and forms SHs not yet present in the system. Its
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Gill, Frank B. "Species taxonomy of birds: Which null hypothesis?" Auk 131, no. 2 (2014): 150–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1642/auk-13-206.1.

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Kalat, James W. "Species differences in intelligence: Which null hypothesis?" Behavioral and Brain Sciences 10, no. 04 (1987): 671. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x00055175.

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Leonard, William R. "Australopithecus afarensis and the single species hypothesis." Primates 32, no. 1 (1991): 125–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02381608.

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Lepš, Jan. "Species-pool hypothesis: Limits to its testing." Folia Geobotanica 36, no. 1 (2001): 45–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02803137.

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Órfão, Inês, Constança Carvalho, Inês Rodrigues, et al. "The role of intrasexual competition on the evolution of male-male courtship display: a systematic review." PeerJ 10 (February 2, 2023): e14638. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.14638.

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Background Evidence of male-male courtship display is widespread across the animal kingdom. Yet, its function and evolutionary origin remain unclear. Here, we hypothesise that male-male courtship display evolved in response to selection pressure exerted by intrasexual competition during male-female courtship interactions. Intrasexual competition can be caused by bystander male pressure through eavesdropping and exploiting on displayer male’s courtship interactions with females. This bystander pressure can lead to an audience effect by the displayer, who will change their courtship behaviour in
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Species Hypothesis"

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Ware, Amy Darby. "A test of the mechanical isolation hypothesis in two similar spider species." Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/80048.

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External reproductive organs of spiders are often species-specific and are important taxonomic characters in species identification. One explanation of this phenomenon, the mechanical isolation hypothesis was tested in two Nuctenea (Araneidae) species. According to this hypothesis, a lock-and-key isolating mechanism should lead to character displacement (mechanical, ecological, or behavioral) between sympatric species with similar genitalia in order to prevent costly interspecific copulation attempts. Homologous external genitalia of male and female Nuctenea sclopetaria and N. patagiata were
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Martinez, Kelsey Anne. "C3 GRASS SEEDLING INVASIBILITY AND SECONDARY SUCCESSION TRENDS IN AN OLD FIELD IN SOUTHERN ILLINOIS." OpenSIUC, 2014. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/1516.

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Background : Old fields are abandoned agricultural areas that are undergoing secondary succession. A variety of factors influence the assembly, invasibility, and species turnover during secondary succession in old fields. Old fields are important ecological research locations as an increasing amount of agricultural land is abandoned worldwide. Objectives : 1) To determine if exotic and native "invaders" display differences in invasion success in an old field, and 2) To observe how native and exotic species abundances change over the course of secondary succession under predictable disturbance
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Matthesius, Arne. "Testing the Janzen-Connell model for species diversity in a West African montane forest." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Biological Sciences, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/1347.

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A major question in ecology is 'why are tropical forests so species diverse?' One hypothesis to explain tropical species diversity is the Janzen-Connell hypothesis. This model assumes high levels of host-specific seed and seedling predation and / or pathogen attack when seedlings occur at high density near to the parent tree; seedlings are more likey to survive and reach maturity the further they are away from parents / conspecific adults. Theoretically this should lead to a random distribution of each species in the forest, which in turn will lead to high species diversity. Here I test
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Croucher, Peter James Paul. "Evolutionary interactions of two colonizing species of large house spider (Araneae: Tegenaria spp.) : testing the reinforcement hypothesis." Thesis, University of York, 1998. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/9766/.

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Munroe, Thomas A. "A systematic revision of Atlantic tonguefishes (Symphurus: cynoglossidae: pleuronectiformes) with a preliminary hypothesis of species group relationships." W&M ScholarWorks, 1987. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539616786.

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Four of 29 previously described nominal species of Symphurus are junior synonyms; one sub-species (S. p. plagusia) is accorded full species status (S. tessellatus); two undescribed dwarf species are present in the eastern Atlantic; three new species were found among western Atlantic material; and several Atlantic forms are represented in the eastern Pacific by cognate species. Detailed and expanded descriptions, differential diagnoses, artificial keys and updated ecological information are provided for 29 species occurring in the Atlantic Ocean. Preliminary evidence based upon osteological cha
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Forslund, Helena. "Herbivory, phenotypic variation, and reproductive barriers in fucoids." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Botaniska institutionen, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-79481.

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Along the shores of the Northern hemisphere Fucus (Phaeophyceae) species are a prominent presence, providing substrate, shelter, and food for many species. Fucus evanescens, a non-indigenous species (NIS) in Sweden, and F. radicans, a recently described species that so far has only been found inside the species poor Baltic Sea, are the focus of this thesis. Interactions with enemies (e.g. predators, herbivores, parasites) have been shown to play a role in the success of NIS. The low consumption of Fucus evanescens by the generalist gastropod Littorina littorea in Sweden was found to depend on
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Finke, Amanda Nicole. "If we build it, will they come? Insect communities as indicators of restoration in an urban prairie network." University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1575547660881746.

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Abrahamsson, Thomas, Hedvig E. Jakobsson, Anders F. Andersson, Bengt Björksten, Lars Engstrand, and Maria Jenmalm. "Low diversity of the gut microbiota in infants with atopic eczema." Linköpings universitet, Pediatrik, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-75901.

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Background It is debated whether a low total diversity of the gut microbiota in early childhood is more important than an altered prevalence of particular bacterial species for the increasing incidence of allergic disease. The advent of powerful, cultivation-free molecular methods makes it possible to characterize the total microbiome down to the genus level in large cohorts. Objective We sought to assess microbial diversity and characterize the dominant bacteria in stool during the first year of life in relation to atopic eczema development. Methods Microbial diversity and composition were an
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Axline-Minotti, Brooke A. "The Role of Threespot Damselfish (Stegastes planifrons) as a Keystone Species in a Bahamian Patch Reef." Ohio : Ohio University, 2003. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1069441971.

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Simmons, Kayelyn Regina. "Evidence of the Enemy Release Hypothesis: Parasites of the Lionfish Complex (Pterios volitans and P. miles) in the Western North Atlantic, Gulf of Mexico, and Caribbean Sea." NSUWorks, 2014. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/occ_stuetd/2.

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Invasive species are becoming more common as human interactions within coastal waters and the aquarium trade continues to increase. The establishment of the invasive lionfish complex Pterois volitans and P. miles from the Indo-Pacific to the Western Atlantic, Gulf of Mexico, and the Caribbean Sea has had significant negative effects on reef fish biodiversity and economically important species. Their rapid colonization and success has been attributed to their biological and ecological life history traits as well as their absence of predation. Past research has highlighted these characteristics;
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Books on the topic "Species Hypothesis"

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Fray, Alvin J. Light and relativity: A new hypothesis. Nova Science, 1998.

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Boyd, Charlotte. Re-examining the 'more people less erosion' hypothesis: Special case or wider trend? Overseas Development Institute, 2000.

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Lemeshko, Boris, and Irina Veretel'nikova. Criteria for testing hypotheses about randomness and the absence of a trend. Application Guide. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1587437.

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The monograph discusses the application of statistical criteria aimed at testing hypotheses about the absence of a trend in the analyzed samples. The rejection of such a hypothesis gives grounds to consider the analyzed data as samples of independent equally distributed random variables. We consider a set of special criteria aimed at testing such hypotheses, as well as a set of criteria for the uniformity of laws, the uniformity of averages and the uniformity of variances, which can also be used for these purposes. The disadvantages and advantages of various criteria are emphasized, the applic
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Traveset, Anna, and David M. Richardson, eds. Plant invasions: the role of biotic interactions. CABI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789242171.0000.

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Abstract This book contains 23 chapters divided into seven parts. Part I reviews the key hypotheses in invasion ecology that invoke biotic interactions to explain aspects of plant invasion dynamics; and reviews models, theories and hypotheses on how invasion performance and impact of introduced species in recipient ecosystems can be conjectured according to biotic interactions between native and non-native species. Part II deals with positive and negative interactions in the soil. Part III discusses mutualistic interactions that promote plant invasions. Part IV describes antagonistic interacti
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Lemeshko, Boris, Aleksandr Popov, and Vadim Seleznev. Criteria for checking the deviation of the distribution from the normal law. Application Guide. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1896110.

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The monograph discusses the application of statistical criteria aimed at testing the hypothesis that the analyzed data belongs to the normal law of probability distribution. Special criteria, nonparametric criteria of agreement and criteria of type χ2 are considered and compared. The disadvantages and advantages of various criteria are indicated. Tables containing percentage points and statistical distribution models necessary for the correct application of criteria are given.&#x0D; In comparison with the first edition, the set of considered special criteria of normality has been significantly
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Tyumaseva, Zoya. The basics of anthropology. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1077542.

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The textbook covers the relevant issues of our times: the essence of life, theories and hypotheses of the origin of life and man. For millennia, people interested in the question: where did we come from? The guide presents the views, ideas, hypotheses of philosophers, anthropologists, biologists and other specialists on the specifics of human evolution. Special attention is paid to the ontogenetic relationship of language, thought and consciousness, as well as phylogenetic stages of language development.&#x0D; Addressed to teachers, students of Humanities universities, focused on independent w
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Brooks, Stephenson H. Matthew's community: The evidence of his special sayings material. JSOT, 1987.

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Bandini, Gianfranco, Paolo Bianchini, Francesca Borruso, Marta Brunelli, and Stefano Oliviero, eds. La Public History tra scuola, università e territorio. Firenze University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-5518-616-2.

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The volume collects ten essays, followed by thirty Best Practices sheets, which collectively provide an outline of the interconnections between Public History and schools. Through discussing and hypotheses of teaching and educational paths the essays collected here reflect on the implicit educational value of Public History. The book also opens towards systematic integration with the territory, its publics, and identity traditions, through its interactions with Public History, schools and the university, in relation to other educational institutions and in various local contexts, in particular
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Allen, Thomas Coley. Species of men: A polygenetic hypothesis. TC Allen Co, 1999.

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The evolution of living species. A new hypothesis named 'Evolutive Plasticism'. . Pellegrino De Rosa, 2009.

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Book chapters on the topic "Species Hypothesis"

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Reynolds, C. S., J. Padisák, and U. Sommer. "Intermediate disturbance in the ecology of phytoplankton and the maintenance of species diversity: a synthesis." In Intermediate Disturbance Hypothesis in Phytoplankton Ecology. Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-1919-3_17.

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Jacobsen, Bodil Aavad, and Peter Simonsen. "Disturbance events affecting phytoplankton biomass, composition and species diversity in a shallow, eutrophic, temperate lake." In Intermediate Disturbance Hypothesis in Phytoplankton Ecology. Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-1919-3_2.

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McEntee, Molly H. F., Meredith MacQueeney, Diana Alvarado, and Janet Mann. "Infanticide and Sexual Conflict in Cetaceans." In Sex in Cetaceans. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-35651-3_10.

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AbstractInfanticide by adult males is a striking example of sexual conflict; males can increase their reproductive success by killing an unrelated infant and accelerating the mother’s return to breeding condition. Reports of infanticide in cetaceans have quadrupled in the past decade, and infanticide has now been documented in six species of toothed whale, including multiple populations of common bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus). Evidence of infanticide in these species is consistent with the sexual selection hypothesis; perpetrators are predominantly adult males and targets are neonat
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Padisák, Judit. "The influence of different disturbance frequencies on the species richness, diversity and equitability of phytoplankton in shallow lakes." In Intermediate Disturbance Hypothesis in Phytoplankton Ecology. Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-1919-3_14.

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Chorus, Ingrid, and Gertrud Schlag. "Importance of intermediate disturbances for the species composition and diversity of phytoplankton in two very different Berlin lakes." In Intermediate Disturbance Hypothesis in Phytoplankton Ecology. Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-1919-3_8.

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Templeton, Alan R. "Using Gene Trees to Infer Species from Testable Null Hypothesis: Cohesion Species in the Spalax ehrenbergi Complex." In Evolutionary Theory and Processes: Modern Perspectives. Springer Netherlands, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4830-6_11.

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Honor, Richard, and Robert I. Colautti. "EICA 2.0: a general model of enemy release and defence in plant and animal invasions." In Plant invasions: the role of biotic interactions. CABI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789242171.0192.

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Abstract Plants and animals have evolved a variety of strategies to limit the negative fitness consequences of natural enemies (i.e. herbivores, predators, parasites and pathogens). Demographic bottlenecks occurring during the invasion process reduce the number of co-introduced natural enemies, providing opportunities to study rapid evolution in environments with different or reduced enemy loads. Enemy release theory provides a set of hypotheses and predictions about the role of natural enemies in the proliferation of invasive species. This body of theory includes the Enemy Release Hypothesis
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Smith-Ramesh, Lauren M. "Allelopathic disruptions of biotic interactions due to non-native plants." In Plant invasions: the role of biotic interactions. CABI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789242171.0270.

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Abstract Allelopathy, or the process by which plants influence the growth and performance of their neighbours through the release of chemicals, may play a key role in mediating the impacts of non-native invasive species on their neighbours. The Novel Weapons Hypothesis purports that non-native invasive species are in part successful because they produce harmful allelochemicals to which resident species are particularly susceptible because residents lack a shared evolutionary history with the invader. While allelopathic non-native invaders may reduce the growth and performance of neighbours thr
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Delisle, Richard G. "Natural Selection as a Mere Auxiliary Hypothesis (Sensu Stricto I. Lakatos) in Charles Darwin’s Origin of Species." In Evolutionary Biology – New Perspectives on Its Development. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-65536-5_4.

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"The Origins o f Species." In The Genomic Potential Hypothesis. CRC Press, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781498713726-12.

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Conference papers on the topic "Species Hypothesis"

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Garber, James D., Kathleen Knierim, Juan Acuna, and Karan C. Deokar. "Modeling Pitting Corrosion in a CO2 System Containing Bacteria." In CORROSION 2008. NACE International, 2008. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2008-08545.

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Abstract A mathematical approach was taken in order to describe the pitting process in CO2 corrosion. The hypothesis established was based on a unidirectional pit model which involved nineteen species, one of them (Fe2+) being diffused from the bottom of the pit. Using numerical methods, a prediction of corrosion rates in the pit, concentrations of the species in the pit and pH profile were determined. The average corrosion pitting rate from CO2 was found by calculating the corrosion rate at various pit depths. Sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB) on carbon steel has been studied by determining the
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Xu, Minghe, Yoon-Seok Choi, and Srdjan Nesic. "Influence of Impurity Adsorption and Condensation on the Initial Corrosion Mechanism of CO2 Transport Pipeline Steel." In CONFERENCE 2023. AMPP, 2023. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2023-19066.

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Abstract The present study was designed to study the role of impurity adsorption and condensation behaviors in the corrosion mechanism of CO2 transport pipeline steel, based on the hypothesis that the impurity adsorption and condensation play a critical role in inducing the formation of aqueous electrolyte in the initial stage of the corrosion processes. The impurity adsorption and condensation behaviors including water adsorption, adsorption of sulfurous species (SO2/H2SO3), and H2SO3 condensation onto the Fe-coated quartz crystals were measured by the Quartz Crystal Microbalance (QCM) techni
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Li, Xiaoji, Sandeep Chawla, and Narasi Sridhar. "A Study of Repassivation and Reactivation Process of Localized Corrosion of Carbon Steel in Radioactive Waste Simulants." In CORROSION 2016. NACE International, 2016. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2016-07227.

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Abstract Carbon steel exhibits passivity in highly alkaline and nitrite-containing solutions warranting its use in storing high pH radioactive waste. The boundaries of corrosion resistance of carbon steel in radioactive waste solutions stored in underground tanks are derived from the repassivation potential for localized corrosion of steel in various solutions. If the corrosion potential is higher than the repassivation potential, stable localized corrosion is likely to occur. The repassivation process can be considered in terms of a competition between stable oxide-type passive film formation
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Garman, Faraj A. "Can Zinc Prevent Corrosion of Pre-Stressed Concrete Cylinder Pipes in High Resistivity Soils?" In CORROSION 2008. NACE International, 2008. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2008-08055.

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Abstract Zinc sacrificial anodes are not generally recommended to be used for the protection of steel in high resistivity soils (&amp;gt;1500 Ω.cm) as the driving potential of the zinc will not be sufficient to provide the required current needed to drive the structure to soil potential to the protection criterion of -850 mV w.r.t. Cu/CuSO4. This criterion guarantees that the structure potential is shifted from the active region to the immunity region of the potential-pH diagram, where the corrosion process is to be completely halted. Generally, more than 300 mV of negative shift is required.
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Lewandowski, Zbigniew, Paul Stoodley, and Frank Roe. "Internal Mass Transport in Heterogeneous Biofilms Recent Advances." In CORROSION 1995. NACE International, 1995. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1995-95222.

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Abstract Aerobic biofilms were found to have a complex structure consisting of microbial cell clusters (discrete aggregates of densely packed cells) and interstitial voids. We used the Confocal Scanning Laser Microscope (CSLM) in conjunction with dissolved oxygen microelectrodes to examine the structural and chemical heterogeneity of fully hydrated, living biofilms in real time under flow conditions. The oxygen distribution within the biofilm was strongly correlated with these structures. The voids facilitated oxygen transport from the bulk liquid through the biofilm. Water could freely move t
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Zhang, Ranhao, Mingtao Huang, Tianyuan Li, Xueming Li, and Yuan Shen. "Specimen Thickness and Tilt Offset Determination for Cryo-Electron Tomography from a Hypothesis Testing and Optimization Perspective." In 2025 IEEE 22nd International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging (ISBI). IEEE, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1109/isbi60581.2025.10980856.

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Orie, Kenneth E., and Fred B. Fletcher. "Performance Characteristics of Special Clean Pressure Vessel Steel Subjected to SSC and HIC Testing." In CORROSION 1999. NACE International, 1999. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1999-99632.

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Abstract This paper describes data on the test performance of special clean C-Mn pressure vessel steels in two different wet H2S test environments. Specifically, there has been much published data and testing in the unstressed HIC test (TM0284) and the necessity for special clean steel is well understood1. Recent attention has been placed on the performance of clean steels using the NACE tensile test (TM0177 Method A). It is postulated by some investigators that possible susceptibility to stress-oriented hydrogen-induced cracking (SOHIC), for which there has been little published data and for
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Timmins, Peter. "Effect of Axiallity of Stress State on Hydrogen Cracking Kinetics in Metals - Troiano Revisited." In CORROSION 1996. NACE International, 1996. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1996-96598.

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Abstract An experimental study based on the acoustic emission technique was carried out to examine how the axiallity of the stress state, as first postulated by Troiano, influenced the hydrogen cracking kinetics, in terms of delayed hydride cracking (DHC) propagation, using constant K specimens machined from Zr-2.5wt% Nb pressure tube alloy, of 2 mm, 4 mm and 8 mm thickness. By changing the stress state from plane strain to plane stress at a constant applied stress intensity of 15 MPa√m and a hydrogen level of 50 ppm, the DHC velocity was reduced, in keeping with Troiano’s hypothesis. An expla
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Cragnolino, Gustavo, Darrell Dunn, and Narasi Sridhar. "Environmental Factors in the Stress Corrosion Cracking of Type 316L Stainless Steel and Alloy 825 in Chloride Solutions." In CORROSION 1995. NACE International, 1995. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1995-95159.

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Abstract This paper describes the experimental studies conducted to date to investigate the stress corrosion cracking of candidate container materials for the proposed high-level nuclear waste repository at Yucca Mountain. The effects of environmental variables, such as chloride concentration, the addition of thiosulfate, and temperature, on the stress corrosion cracking susceptibility of type 316L stainless steel and alloy 825 (Ni-29Fe-22Cr-3.0Mo-2.0Cu-l.0Ti) were studied at temperatures ranging from 95 to 120 °C. Results of slow strain rate tests (SSRT) at various potentials were compared to
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Ajlouni, Abdul-Wali M. S. "Deep Atomic Binding (DAB) Hypothesis: A New Approach of Fission Product Chemistry." In 14th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone14-89054.

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Former studies assumed that, after fission process occurs, the highly ionized new born atoms (20–22 positive charge), ionize the media in which they pass through before becoming stable atoms in a manner similar to 4-MeV-particles. Via ordinary chemical reactions with the surroundings, each stable atom has a probability to form chemical compound. Since there are about 35 different elemental atoms created through fission processes, a large number of chemical species were suggested to be formed. But, these suggested chemical species were not found in the environment after actual releases of FP du
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Reports on the topic "Species Hypothesis"

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Glazer, Itamar, Randy Gaugler, Yitzhak Spiegel, and Edwin Lewis. Host Adaptation in Entomopathogenic Nematodes: An Approach to Enhancing Biological Control Potential. United States Department of Agriculture, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1996.7613023.bard.

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The overall objective of our research was to develop methods to match species of entomopathogenic nematodes against the insect pests which they would be best adapted to control. The underlying hypothesis for this work was that entomopathogenic nematodes should be most effective when used against insect species to which they are naturally adapted to parasitize. Toward this end, we undertook a number of related studies focusing primarily on nematode foraging strategies. We found that foraging strategies affected host associations directly and indirectly. Nematodes' responses to host cues, and th
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Funk, Steffen, and Christian Möllmann. Monitoring winter spawning activity of Western Baltic cod (Gadus morhua) (2021-25), Cruise No. AL606, January 22nd – January 30th 2024, Kiel (Germany) – Kiel (Germany), Winter cod 2021-25. GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Germany, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3289/cr_al606.

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This cruise was the fourth out of five proposed cruises in the framework of the winter cod 2021- 25 cruises of the IMF, which aim to investigate the early winter spawning activity of Western Baltic cod. For this purpose, ichthyoplankton samples and cod samples were taken on a pre-defined station grid. Cod samples were used to investigate maturity stages and condition of adult cod. Plankton samples were analysed with a focus on the occurrence of cod eggs and larvae. The data will be used to identify whether there is a shift towards earlier spawning activities of Western Baltic cod and how spawn
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Kapulnik, Yoram, and Donald A. Phillips. Isoflavonoid Regulation of Root Bacteria. United States Department of Agriculture, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1996.7570561.bard.

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The overall objective of this project was to develop a conceptual framework for enhancing root colonization by beneficial bacteria. To accomplish this aim we tested the hypothesis that production and excretion of the plant phytoalexin medicarpin can be used for creation of a special niche along the legume roots, where beneficial microorganism, such as rhizobium, will have a selective advantage. On the Israeli side it was shown that higher medicarpin levels are exuded following the application of Rhizobium meliloti to the rhizosphere but the specific biochemical pathway governing medicarpin pro
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Mizrahi, Itzhak, and Bryan A. White. Exploring the role of the rumen microbiota in determining the feed efficiency of dairy cows. United States Department of Agriculture, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2011.7594403.bard.

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Expanding world hunger calls for increasing available food resources. Ruminants have the remarkable ability to convert human-indigestible plant biomass into human-digestible food products, due to a complex microbiome residing in the rumen compartment of their upper digestive tract. One way to tackle the problem of diminishing food resources is to increase the animals' energetic efficiency, i.e., the efficiency with which they convert energy from feed, thereby increasing food availability while lowering the environmental burden, as these animals would produce more and eat less. We hypothesize t
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Rafaeli, Ada, Wendell Roelofs, and Anat Zada Byers. Identification and gene regulation of the desaturase enzymes involved in sex-pheromone biosynthesis of pest moths infesting grain. United States Department of Agriculture, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2008.7613880.bard.

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The original objectives of the approved proposal included: 1. Establishment of the biosynthetic pathways for pheromone production using labeled precursors and GC-MS. 2. The elucidation of a circadian regulation of key enzymes in the biosynthetic pathway. 3. The identification, characterization and confirmation of functional expression of the delta-desaturases. 4. The identification of gene regulatory processes involved in the expression of the key enzymes in the biosynthetic pathway. Background to the topic: Moths constitute one of the major groups of pest insects in agriculture and their repr
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Gothilf, Yoav, Roger Cone, Berta Levavi-Sivan, and Sheenan Harpaz. Genetic manipulations of MC4R for increased growth and feed efficiency in fish. United States Department of Agriculture, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2016.7600043.bard.

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The hypothalamic melanocortin system plays a central role in the regulation of food consumption and energy homeostasis in mammals. Accordingly, our working hypothesis in this project was that genetic editing of the mc4r gene, encoding Melanocortin Receptor 4 (MC4R), will enhance food consumption, feed efficiency and growth in fish. To test this hypothesis and to assess the utility of mc4r editing for the enhancement of feed efficiency and growth in fish, the following objectives were set: Test the effect of the mc4r-null allele on feeding behavior, growth, metabolism and survival in zebrafish.
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Gottlieb, Yuval, Bradley Mullens, and Richard Stouthamer. investigation of the role of bacterial symbionts in regulating the biology and vector competence of Culicoides vectors of animal viruses. United States Department of Agriculture, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2015.7699865.bard.

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Symbiotic bacteria have been shown to influence host reproduction and defense against biotic and abiotic stressors, and this relates to possible development of a symbiont-based control strategy. This project was based on the hypothesis that symbionts have a significant impact on Culicoides fitness and vector competence for animal viruses. The original objectives in our proposal were: 1. Molecular identification and localization of the newly-discovered symbiotic bacteria within C. imicola and C. schultzei in Israel and C. sonorensis in California. 2. Determination of the prevalence of symbiotic
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Phillips, Donald A., Yitzhak Spiegel, and Howard Ferris. Optimizing nematode management by defining natural chemical bases of behavior. United States Department of Agriculture, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2006.7587234.bard.

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This project was based on the hypothesis that nematodes interacting with plants as either parasites or beneficial saprophytes are attracted to their host by natural products. This concept was supported by numerous observations that parasitic nematodes are attracted to root exudates. Our overall goal was to identify nematode sensory compounds from root exudates and to use that information for reducing nematicide applications. We applied skills of the investigators to achieve three specific objectives: 1) Identify nematode behavioral cues (e.g., attractants or repellents) in root exudates; 2) Id
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El Halawani, Mohamed, and Israel Rozenboim. Environmental factors affecting the decline in reproductive efficiency of turkey hens: Mediation by vasoactive intestinal peptide. United States Department of Agriculture, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2007.7696508.bard.

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Reproductive failure associated with heat stress is a well known phenomenon in avian species. Increased prolactin (PRL) levels in response to heat stress have been suggested as a mechanism involved in this reproductive malfunction. To test this hypothesis, laying female turkeys were subjected to 40°C for 12 h during the photo-phase daily or maintained at 24–26°C. Birds in each group received oral treatment with parachlorophenyalanine (PCPA; 50 mg/kg BW/day for 3 days), an inhibitor of serotonin (5-HT) biosynthesis; or immunized against vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP). Both treatments are k
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Rafaeli, Ada, Russell Jurenka, and Daniel Segal. Isolation, Purification and Sequence Determination of Pheromonotropic-Receptors. United States Department of Agriculture, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2003.7695850.bard.

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Moths constitute a major group of pest insects in agriculture. Pheromone blends are utilised by a variety of moth species to attract conspecific mates, which is under circadian control by the neurohormone, PBAN (pheromone-biosynthesis-activating neuropeptide). Our working hypothesis was that, since the emission of sex-pheromone is necessary to attract a mate, then failure to produce and emit pheromone is a potential strategy for manipulating adult moth behavior. The project aimed at identifying, characterising and determining the sequence of specific receptors responsible for the interaction w
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