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Journal articles on the topic 'Tryptanthrin'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Frolova, Svetlana G., Ksenia M. Klimina, Ravinder Kumar, et al. "Identification of Mutations Conferring Tryptanthrin Resistance to Mycobacterium smegmatis." Antibiotics 10, no. 1 (2020): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics10010006.

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Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, is a global burden, responsible for over 1 million deaths annually. The emergence and spread of drug-resistant M. tuberculosis strains (MDR-, XDR- and TDR-TB) is the main challenge in global TB-control, requiring the development of novel drugs acting on new biotargets, thus able to overcome the drug-resistance. Tryptanthrin is a natural alkaloid, with great therapeutic potential due to its simple way of synthesis and wide spectrum of biological activities including high bactericidal activity on both drug-susceptible and MDR M. tuberculos

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2

Krivogorsky, Bogdana, Peter Grundt, Robert Yolken, and Lorraine Jones-Brando. "Inhibition of Toxoplasma gondii by Indirubin and Tryptanthrin Analogs." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 52, no. 12 (2008): 4466–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.00903-08.

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ABSTRACT New drugs are needed for treatment of Toxoplasma gondii infections. We tested derivatives of principles found in Isatis indigotica for in vitro efficacy against T. gondii infection. Indirubin-3′-oxime analogs showed modest micromolar activity, while tryptanthrin derivatives displayed 50% inhibitory doses in the low nanomolar range. Tryptanthrins have potential as anti-Toxoplasma infection therapeutics.

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3

Zhu, Xingang, Xuelian Zhang, Guo Ma, Junkai Yan, Honghai Wang, and Qing Yang. "Transport Characteristics of Tryptanthrin and its Inhibitory Effect on P-gp and MRP2 in Caco-2 Cells." Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences 14, no. 3 (2011): 325. http://dx.doi.org/10.18433/j3501w.

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Purpose. Tryptanthrin, an indole quinazoline alkaloid with multiple medical activities, has been recently under preclinical development as an anti-tuberculosis and anti-tumor drug. The aims of this study are to characterize the intestinal transport of tryptanthrin in Caco-2 cells, to determine whether P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (MRP2) are involved in this issue, and to evaluate the potential influence of tryptanthrin on the function of P-gp and MRP2. Methods. Transport assays of tryptanthrin were performed in Caco-2 monolayers with or without the supple

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4

Zeng, Qingfang, Cairong Luo, Junlae Cho, et al. "Tryptanthrin exerts anti-breast cancer effects both in vitro and in vivo through modulating the inflammatory tumor microenvironment." Acta Pharmaceutica 71, no. 2 (2020): 245–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/acph-2021-0020.

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Abstract Tryptanthrin is an indole quinazoline alkaloid from the indigo-bearing plants, such as Isatis indigotica Fort. Typically, this natural compound shows a variety of pharmacological activities such as antitumor, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. This study was conducted to assess the antitumor activity of tryptanthrin in breast cancer models both in vitro and in vivo, and to explore the important role of the inflammatory tumor microenvironment (TME) in the antitumor effects of tryptanthrin. Human breast adenocarcinoma MCF-7 cells were used to assess the antitumor

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5

Garcia, Andreza R., Yasmin P. G. Silva-Luiz, Celuta S. Alviano, Daniela S. Alviano, Alane B. Vermelho, and Igor A. Rodrigues. "The Natural Alkaloid Tryptanthrin Induces Apoptosis-like Death in Leishmania spp." Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease 7, no. 6 (2022): 112. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed7060112.

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Leishmaniasis is a vector-borne disease against which there are no approved vaccines, and the treatment is based on highly toxic drugs. The alkaloids consist of a chemical class of natural nitrogen-containing substances with a long history of antileishmanial activity. The present study aimed at determining the antileishmanial activity and in silico pharmacokinetic and toxicological potentials of tryptanthrin alkaloid. The anti-Leishmania amazonensis and anti-L. infantum assays were performed against both promastigotes and intracellular amastigotes. Cellular viability was determined by parasite

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6

Tripathi, Vishwa Deepak. "Natural Product Inspired Synthesis of Tryptanthrin Analogues as Potential Antimalarial Agents." Asian Journal of Organic & Medicinal Chemistry 5, no. 4 (2020): 348–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.14233/ajomc.2020.ajomc-p302.

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A new series of tryptanthrin analogues have been synthesized as potential antimalarial molecules. Synthesis of tryptanthrin aminoalkyl derivatives have been achieved via alkylation of oxime functionality of tryptanthrin derivatives by various alkyl amino pharmacophoric chains. 21-Membered small library of tryptanthrin aminoalkyl analogues were synthesized with variation in both parent natural alkaloid and in amino alkyl side chains. Synthesized compounds were fully characterized with 1H & 13C NMR, IR spectroscopy. Further all the members were screened for their antimalarial potential again

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7

Tsai, Yu-Chi, Chia-Lin Lee, Hung-Rong Yen, et al. "Antiviral Action of Tryptanthrin Isolated from Strobilanthes cusia Leaf against Human Coronavirus NL63." Biomolecules 10, no. 3 (2020): 366. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom10030366.

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Strobilanthes cusia (Nees) Kuntze is a Chinese herbal medicine used in the treatment of respiratory virus infections. The methanol extract of S. cusia leaf contains chemical components such as β-sitosterol, indirubin, tryptanthrin, betulin, indigodole A, and indigodole B that have diverse biological activities. However, the antiviral action of S. cusia leaf and its components against human coronavirus remains to be elucidated. Human coronavirus NL63 infection is frequent among immunocompromised individuals, young children, and in the elderly. This study investigated the anti-Human coronavirus

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8

Costa, Fabio Luiz Paranhos, Sidnei Bessa de Oliveira Fernandes, Catharina Eccard Fingolo, et al. "Experimental and Theoretical Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Data from Tryptanthrin, an Alkaloid with Potential Activity Against Human Coronavirus." Advanced Science, Engineering and Medicine 12, no. 7 (2020): 963–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/asem.2020.2638.

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Coronaviruses belong to the subfamily Coronavirinae, which are large viruses with a single Ribonucleic acid tape and a nucleocapsid. In a recent study it was found that the molecule of tryptanthrin has antiviral potential against human coronavirus NL63. In this work, we used a combination of theoretical techniques with experimental nuclear magnetic resonance data to assist in the structural characterization of the Tryptanthrin molecule. Tryptanthrin was extracted from Couroupita guianensis leaves. The theoretical calculations of hydrogen-1, homonuclear spin–spin coupling constants and the quan

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9

Dhandapani, Manoj, and Dheepan George. "In Vitro Study of Tryptanthrin and its Derivatives: A Potent Alkaloid Compound from Fluorescent Bacteria Pseudomonas sps in Anticancer Effects through Drug Design." Biosciences Biotechnology Research Asia 22, no. 2 (2025): 811–18. https://doi.org/10.13005/bbra/3405.

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ABSTRACT: Tryptanthrin, a naturally occurring indoloquinazoline alkaloid, exhibits remarkable anticancer potential. This study explores the isolation of Pseudomonas spp. from soil as a novel microbial source of tryptanthrin and its derivatives, followed by comprehensive in vitro and in silico analyses to evaluate their anticancer activity. Soil samples were collected and processed through serial dilution to isolate fluorescent Pseudomonas species, which were then identified using morphological, biochemical, and molecular (DNA extraction and sequencing) techniques. Tryptanthrin was extracted fr

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10

Zhong, Yi-ning, Yan Zhang, Yun-qiong Gu, Shi-yun Wu, Wen-ying Shen, and Ming-xiong Tan. "NovelFeIIandCoIIComplexes of Natural Product Tryptanthrin: Synthesis and Binding with G-Quadruplex DNA." Bioinorganic Chemistry and Applications 2016 (2016): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/5075847.

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Tryptanthrin is one of the most important members of indoloquinoline alkaloids. We obtained this alkaloid fromIsatis. Two novelFeIIandCoIIcomplexes of tryptanthrin were first synthesized. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses show that these complexes display distorted four-coordinated tetrahedron geometry via two heterocyclic nitrogen and oxygen atoms from tryptanthrin ligand. Binding with G-quadruplex DNA properties revealed that both complexes were found to exhibit significant interaction with G-quadruplex DNA. This study may potentially serve as the basis of future rational design of m

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11

Batanero, Belen, and Fructuoso Barba. "Electrosynthesis of tryptanthrin." Tetrahedron Letters 47, no. 47 (2006): 8201–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tetlet.2006.09.130.

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12

Liao, Fu-Min, Yun-Lin Liu, Jin-Sheng Yu, Feng Zhou, and Jian Zhou. "An efficient catalyst-free Mukaiyama-aldol reaction of fluorinated enol silyl ethers with tryptanthrin." Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry 13, no. 33 (2015): 8906–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ob01125f.

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We report an efficient Mukaiyama-aldol reaction of tryptanthrin with fluorinated enol silyl ethers, which is carried out in methanol without the use of any catalyst. This represents the first modification of tryptanthrin by a fluoroalkyl group, which is applied to the total synthesis of the difluoro analogues of the natural product Phaitanthrin B.

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13

Scovill, John, Elizabeth Blank, Michael Konnick, Elizabeth Nenortas, and Theresa Shapiro. "Antitrypanosomal Activities of Tryptanthrins." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 46, no. 3 (2002): 882–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.46.3.882-883.2002.

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ABSTRACT New drugs and molecular targets are needed against Trypanosoma brucei, the protozoan that causes African sleeping sickness. Tryptanthrin (indolo[2,1-b]quinazoline-6,12-dione), a traditional antifungal agent, and 11 analogs were tested against T. brucei in vitro. The greatest activity was conferred by electron-withdrawing groups in the 8 position of the tryptanthrin ring system; the most potent compound had a 50% effective concentration of 0.40 μM.

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14

Popov, A. M., L. G. Degenkova, T. V. Moskovkina, et al. "BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY AND PROBABLE MECHANISMS OF ACTION OF DERIVATIVES OF TRYPTANTHRIN AND MOSTOTRIN ALKALOIDS." Доклады Российской академии наук. Науки о жизни 508, no. 1 (2023): 53–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s2686738922600807.

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The alkaloid tryptanthrin and its water-soluble derivative mostotrin exhibit high antimicrobial and antitumor activity. To develop more active and less toxic preparations, syntheses and testing of the biological activities of a number of new and/or little-studied analogs were performed. Some of them have been shown to have higher cytotoxicity against tumor and antimicrobial cells than tryptanthrin and mostotrin. Thus, 8-fluorotryptanthrin effectively inhibits the proliferation of various tumor cell lines, namely: K-562/4, HCT-116 and HCT-116p53ko at lower concentrations than tryptanthrin, and

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15

Plotnikov, M. B., G. A. Chernysheva, V. I. Smol'yakova, et al. "Antioxidant effects of tryptanthrin oxime." Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine 177, no. 6 (2024): 723–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.47056/0365-9615-2024-177-6-723-727.

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16

Wang, Zhen-Feng, Qun-Xue Nong, Hua-Lian Yu, et al. "Complexes of Zn(ii) with a mixed tryptanthrin derivative and curcumin chelating ligands as new promising anticancer agents." Dalton Transactions 51, no. 13 (2022): 5024–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1dt04095b.

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17

Liao, Huiwu, Xiangjun Peng, Dan Hu, et al. "CoCl2-promoted TEMPO oxidative homocoupling of indoles: access to tryptanthrin derivatives." Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry 16, no. 31 (2018): 5699–706. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8ob01216d.

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18

Hou, Hong, Hengxue Li, Ying Han, and Chaoguo Yan. "Synthesis of visible-light mediated tryptanthrin derivatives from isatin and isatoic anhydride under transition metal-free conditions." Organic Chemistry Frontiers 5, no. 1 (2018): 51–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7qo00740j.

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19

Brandão, Pedro, Carolina Marques, Eugénia Pinto, Marta Pineiro, and Anthony J. Burke. "Petasis adducts of tryptanthrin – synthesis, biological activity evaluation and druglikeness assessment." New Journal of Chemistry 45, no. 32 (2021): 14633–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1nj02079j.

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20

Kovrizhina, Anastasia R., Alina A. Kolpakova, Andrei A. Kuznetzov, and Andrei I. Khlebnikov. "Ethyl 5-Oxo-5-(((12-oxoindolo[2,1-b]quinazolin-6(12H)-ylidene)amino)oxy)pentanoate." Molbank 2022, no. 4 (2022): M1451. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/m1451.

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Indolo[2,1-b]quinazolin-6,12-dione (tryptanthrin) derivatives present important types of nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds which are useful intermediate products in organic synthesis and have potential pharmaceutical applications. The new ethyl 5-oxo-5-(((12-oxoindolo[2,1-b]quinazolin-6(12H)-ylidene)amino)oxy)pentanoate (Compound 2) was synthesized. Compound 2 is the first example of a tryptanthrin derivative containing a dicarboxylic acid residue in the side chain. The Z,E-isomerism of Compound 2 was investigated by DFT calculations. Bioavailability was evaluated in silico using ADME

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21

Zhao, Li Fang, Yan Cheng Liu, Qi Pin Qin, Wen Zu Ya, and Hai Chun Duan. "Tryptanthrin Sulfonate: Crystal Structure, Cytotoxicity and DNA Binding Studies." Advanced Materials Research 554-556 (July 2012): 1694–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.554-556.1694.

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Tryptanthrin (TPT), which is an indoloquinazoline alkaloid with multiple biological activities, was studied on its sulfonation in order to increase its water solubility. An 8-substituted tryptanthrin sulfonate (TPTS) was synthesized and structurally characterized by IR, 1H-NMR, ESI-MS, as well as X-ray single crystal diffraction analysis. The interactional mechanism of TPTS with calf thymus DNA (ctDNA) was further studied by UV spectroscopy and DNA viscosity experiment. The addition of ctDNA into the TPTS solution induced moderate hypochromicity on its electronic absorption spectrum, by which

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22

Kawakami, Jun, Chica Osanai, Shun Ohta, and Shunji Ito. "Solid-State Fluorescence of Tryptanthrin Analogs." Transactions of the Materials Research Society of Japan 46, no. 1 (2021): 45–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.14723/tmrsj.46.45.

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23

Guo, Jincheng, Yanan Hao, Gang Li, et al. "Efficient synthesis of SCF3-substituted tryptanthrins by a radical tandem cyclization." Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry 18, no. 10 (2020): 1994–2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0ob00233j.

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An efficient strategy for synthesis of SCF<sub>3</sub>-substituted tryptanthrin derivatives was developed with AgSCF<sub>3</sub>/K<sub>2</sub>S<sub>2</sub>O<sub>8</sub>-promoted radical trifluoromethylthiolation/cyclization cascade reaction as key step.

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24

Tucker, Ashli M., and Peter Grundt. "The chemistry of tryptanthrin and its derivatives." Arkivoc 2012, no. 1 (2012): 546–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3998/ark.5550190.0013.113.

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25

Kawakami, Jun, Noriyuki Matsushima, Yuta Ogawa, et al. "Antibacterial and Antifungal Activities of Tryptanthrin Derivatives." Transactions of the Materials Research Society of Japan 36, no. 4 (2011): 603–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.14723/tmrsj.36.603.

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26

Deryabin, P. I., T. V. Moskovkina, A. V. Bukreev, A. V. Andina, and A. V. Gerasimenko. "Synthesis of Spiroheterocyclic Oxygen-Containing Tryptanthrin Derivatives." Russian Journal of Organic Chemistry 54, no. 4 (2018): 622–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1070428018040176.

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27

Kaur, Ramandeep, Sundeep Kaur Manjal, Ravindra K. Rawal, and Kapil Kumar. "Recent synthetic and medicinal perspectives of tryptanthrin." Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry 25, no. 17 (2017): 4533–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bmc.2017.07.003.

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28

Baas, Jennifer, Sebastian Bieringer, Corazon Frias, et al. "Dihydroxyquingdainone Induces Apoptosis in Leukaemia and Lymphoma Cells via the Mitochondrial Pathway in a Bcl-2- and Caspase-3-Dependent Manner and Overcomes Resistance to Cytostatic Drugs In Vitro." Molecules 27, no. 15 (2022): 5038. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27155038.

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Isatis tinctoria and its indigo dyes have already provided highly active anti-leukaemic lead compounds, with the focus mainly being on indirubin, whereas indigo itself is inactive. There are many more indigoids to find in this plant extract, for example, quingdainone, an indigoid derived from tryptanthrin. We present here a new synthesis of hitherto neglected substituted quingdainones, which is very necessary due to their poor solubility behaviour, and a structure-dependent anti-leukaemic activity study of a number of compounds. Substituted α-phenylaminoacrylic acid was synthesised by hydrogen

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29

Boitsov, Vitali, Alexander Stepakov, Alexander Filatov та ін. "Concise Synthesis of Tryptanthrin Spiro Analogues with In Vitro Antitumor Activity Based on One-Pot, Three-Component 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition of Azomethine Ylides to Сyclopropenes". Synthesis 51, № 03 (2018): 713–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1611059.

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A simple, efficient and atom-economic method has been developed for the synthesis of complex alkaloid-like compounds with spiro-fused indolo[2,1-b]quinazoline and cyclopropa[a]pyrrolizine or 3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane moieties. We have found that one-pot, three-component 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactions allow the desired products to be obtained from various cyclopropene derivatives with tryptanthrin-derived azomethine ylides generated in situ, in good to high yields and excellent diastereoselectivity. The possibility of ylide generation was exemplified by using α-amino acids (l-proline, l-4-

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30

Kumar, Atul, Vishwa Deepak Tripathi та Promod Kumar. "β-Cyclodextrin catalysed synthesis of tryptanthrin in water". Green Chem. 13, № 1 (2011): 51–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c0gc00523a.

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31

Wu, Jie, Chao Huang, Guo-Qiang Li, Hai-Yan Tian та Ren-Wang Jiang. "(Nitrato-κ2O,O′)bis(tryptanthrin-κN)silver(I)". Acta Crystallographica Section E Structure Reports Online 68, № 2 (2012): m185—m186. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600536812001821.

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32

Zhang, Shengnan, Fangfei Qi, Xin Fang, et al. "Tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase inhibitory activities of tryptanthrin derivatives." European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 160 (December 2018): 133–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.10.017.

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33

Rajan, Sornarani, Goreti Rajendar, and Ravi S. Lankalapalli. "Synthetic diversification of tryptanthrin through its C6-hydrazone." Tetrahedron Letters 129 (October 2023): 154752. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tetlet.2023.154752.

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34

Seifert, K., and W. U nger. "Insecticidal and Fungicidal Compounds from Isatis tinctoria." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 49, no. 1-2 (1994): 44–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-1994-1-208.

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Tryptanthrin (1), indole-3-acetonitrile (2) and p-coumaric acid methylester (3) were isolated from the aerial parts of Isatis tinctoria L. The compounds show insecticidal and antifeedant activity against termites (Reticulitermis santonensis), insect preventive and control activity against larvae of the house longhorn beetle (Hylotrupes bajulus) and fungicidal activity against the brown-rot fungus (Coniophora puteana).

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35

Rai, Byanju, Ratnakar Dutt Shukla, and Atul Kumar. "Zinc oxide-NP catalyzed direct indolation of in situ generated bioactive tryptanthrin." Green Chemistry 20, no. 4 (2018): 822–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7gc03479b.

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A ZnO-NP catalyzed direct indolation of in situ generated tryptanthrin via C–H functionalization and C–C bond formation has been developed. This novel and greener approach has been effectively utilized to accomplish the synthesis of 6-hydroxy-6-(1H-indol-3-yl)indolo[2,1-b] quinazolin-12(6H)-one derivatives in good to excellent yields with high product selectivity.

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36

Deryabin, P. I., T. V. Moskovkina, L. S. Shevchenko, and A. I. Kalinovskii. "Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of tryptanthrin adducts with ketones." Russian Journal of Organic Chemistry 53, no. 3 (2017): 418–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1070428017030174.

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37

Danz, Henning, Stefka Stoyanova, Olivier A. Thomet, et al. "Inhibitory Activity of Tryptanthrin on Prostaglandin and Leukotriene Synthesis." Planta Medica 68, no. 10 (2002): 875–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2002-34922.

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38

Wang, Chen, Lianpeng Zhang, Anni Ren, Ping Lu, and Yanguang Wang. "Cu-Catalyzed Synthesis of Tryptanthrin Derivatives from Substituted Indoles." Organic Letters 15, no. 12 (2013): 2982–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ol401144m.

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39

Han, Na-Ra, Phil-Dong Moon, Hyung-Min Kim, and Hyun-Ja Jeong. "Tryptanthrin ameliorates atopic dermatitis through down-regulation of TSLP." Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics 542 (January 2014): 14–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.abb.2013.11.010.

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40

Tucker, Ashli M., and Peter Grundt. "ChemInform Abstract: The Chemistry of Tryptanthrin and Its Derivatives." ChemInform 43, no. 43 (2012): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.201243254.

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41

Nguyen, Ly Thi Huong, Tae-Woo Oh, Min-Jin Choi, In-Jun Yang, and Heung-Mook Shin. "Anti-Psoriatic Effects and IL-22 Targeting Mechanism of Indirubin by Suppressing Keratinocyte Inflammation and Proliferation." Applied Sciences 11, no. 24 (2021): 11599. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app112411599.

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Indigo naturalis, which is extracted from the leaves and branches of Baphicacanthus cusia (Nees) Bremek, has traditionally been used to treat psoriasis. The current study aimed to examine a new mechanism of the components of indigo naturalis, including indirubin, indigo, and tryptanthrin. The anti-psoriatic effects were assessed by the proliferation biomarkers (Ki67, K16), cell cycle progression, ROS production, and interleukin profiling (ICAM-1, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-8) in IL-22-treated HaCaT cells. Among the components, indirubin significantly decreased intracellular ROS production and lowered

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42

AKSAKAL DAĞDELEN, Fatma. "Antitüberküloz Triptantrin analoglarının elektronik ve topolojik özelliklerinin ve enoil-ACP redüktaz ile etkileşimlerinin in silico yöntemlerle incelenmesi." Acta Medica Nicomedia 6, no. 1 (2023): 82–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.53446/actamednicomedia.1246035.

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Objective: This study aimed to investigate the structure-antitubercular activity relationships of a series of tryptanthrin analogues and the binding mechanisms of these analogues with InhA, Mycobacterium tuberculosis enoyl-acyl carrier protein (enoyl-ACP) reductase. Methods: Structure-activity relationships were investigated by using Electronic-Topological Method combined with Neural Networks (ETM-NN). Binding energies and non-covalent interactions stabilizing the ligand-InhA complex were obtained from the results of molecular docking. To assess these interactions, frontier m

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43

Yu, Sung-tsai, Ji-wang Chern, Tzer-ming Chen, Yi-fan Chiu, Hui-ting Chen, and Yen-hui Chen. "Cytotoxicity and reversal of multidrug resistance by tryptanthrin-derived indoloquinazolines." Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 31, no. 2 (2010): 259–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/aps.2009.198.

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44

Recio, María-Carmen, Miguel Cerdá-Nicolás, Olivier Potterat, Matthias Hamburger, and José-Luis Ríos. "Anti-Inflammatory and Antiallergic Activityin vivoof LipophilicIsatis tinctoriaExtracts and Tryptanthrin." Planta Medica 72, no. 06 (2006): 539–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2006-931562.

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45

Jahng, Yurngdong. "Progress in the studies on tryptanthrin, an alkaloid of history." Archives of Pharmacal Research 36, no. 5 (2013): 517–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12272-013-0091-9.

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Onambele, Liliane Abodo, Herbert Riepl, Rainer Fischer, Gabriele Pradel, Aram Prokop, and Makoah Nigel Aminake. "Synthesis and evaluation of the antiplasmodial activity of tryptanthrin derivatives." International Journal for Parasitology: Drugs and Drug Resistance 5, no. 2 (2015): 48–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpddr.2015.03.002.

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Kumar, Atul, Vishwa Deepak Tripathi та Promod Kumar. "ChemInform Abstract: β-Cyclodextrin Catalyzed Synthesis of Tryptanthrin in Water." ChemInform 42, № 22 (2011): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.201122210.

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Abe, Takumi, and Masaru Terasaki. "Synthesis of Phaitanthrin E and Tryptanthrin through Amination/Cyclization Cascade." Helvetica Chimica Acta 101, no. 2 (2018): e1700284. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.201700284.

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Han, Xiaoyu, Lu Jin, Zhimin Zhao, et al. "Combining the In Silico and In Vitro Assays to Identify Strobilanthes cusia Kuntze Bioactives against Penicillin-Resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae." Pharmaceuticals 16, no. 1 (2023): 105. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ph16010105.

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Abstract:

Leaves of Strobilanthes cusia Kuntze (S. cusia) are a widely used alexipharmic Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) in southern China for the prevention of cold and respiratory tract infectious diseases. One of the most common bacterial pathogens in the respiratory tract is the gram-positive bacterium Streptococcus pneumoniae. The antibiotic resistance of colonized S. pneumoniae makes it a more serious threat to public health. In this study, the leaves of S. cusia were found to perform antibacterial effects on the penicillin-resistant S. pneumoniae (PRSP). Confocal assay and Transmission Electro

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Duca, Gheorghe, Serghei Pogrebnoi, Veaceslav Boldescu, et al. "Tryptanthrin Analogues as Inhibitors of Enoyl-acyl Carrier Protein Reductase: Activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Toxicity, Modeling of Enzyme Binding." Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry 19, no. 8 (2019): 609–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1568026619666190304125740.

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Abstract:

Background: High numbers of infection with resistant forms of Micobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) contribute to a constant growing demand in new highly active and effective therapeutics. Current drug discovery efforts directed towards new antituberculosis agents include the development of new inhibitors of enoyl-acyl carrier protein reductase (InhA) that do not require activation by the specific enzymes. Tryptanthrin is a known inhibitor of Mtb InhA and its analogues are investigated as potential agents with antimycobacterial efficiency. Objective: The main objective of the presented research was

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